quagmire
 n. in a ~ of
quail
 I n. a bevy, covey of ~
 II v. (d; intr.) ('to lose courage') to ~ at, before (we ~ed at
 the thought of getting lost in the forest)
quake
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with fear)
qualifications
 n. ['qualities, attributes'] 1. excellent, fine, outstanding,
 strong ~
  2. the necessary ~
  3. educational; physical; professional ~
  4. the ~ for (she has the ~ for the job)
  5. the ~ to + inf. (this engineer has outstanding ~ to build
 the bridge)
qualified
 adj. 1. eminently, fully, highly ~; well-qualified
  2. ~ as (~ as an engineer)
  3. ~ by (~ by education and experience for the position)
  4. ~ for (she is highly ~ for the job)
  5. ~ to + inf. (he is ~ to pass judgment on this matter)
qualify
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ as (she  ~fied as a teacher of the
 handicapped)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ for (she ~fied for the position)
  3. (E) he ~fied to teach mathematics
  4. (H) what ~fies her to represent us?
quality
 n. ['feature'] 1. admirable; endearing; moral; personal;
 redeeming ~ties (he has no redeeming  ~ties)
  2. (misc.) there was a rhapsodic ~ about her playing ['degree
 of excellence']
  3. excellent, superior; fine, good, high; low, poor ~
  4. of a certain ~ (of good ~)
qualms
 n. 1. to feel, have ~
  2. ~ about (I have no ~ about borrowing money)
  3. without (any) ~
quandary
 n. 1. a hopeless ~
  2. in a ~ (we were in a hopeless ~)
quantity
 n. ['amount'] 1. a considerable, large; negligible, small;
 sufficient ~
  2. in (large) ~ties ['factor']
  3. an unknown ~
quarantine
 n. 1. to impose, institute a ~
  2. to lift a ~
  3. strict ~
  4. in, under ~ (to place under ~)
quarrel
 I n. 1. to cause, lead to a ~ (their political differences led
 to a bitter ~)
  2. to have, pick, provoke, start a ~ (he picked a ~ with his
 neighbor)
  3. to patch up, settle a ~
  4. a bitter, furious, violent; long-standing; never-ending ~
  5. a domestic, family ~
  6. a ~ breaks out, ensues
  7. a ~ about, over; between; with (a bitter ~ broke out between
 them over the use of the telephone; he had a violent ~ with me
 about the money that he had borrowed)
 II v. 1. to ~ bitterly, furiously, violently
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over; with (she ~ed with her neighbor
 about the noise)
quarry
 I n. ['prey'] 1. to stalk one's ~
  2. to bring
 one's ~ to bay
  3. hunted ~
 II n. ['open excavation'] 1. to work a ~
  2. an abandoned ~
  3. a marble; stone ~
quarter
 I n. ['mercy'] 1. to give, show ~ (the mercenaries gave no ~)
  2. to ask for; receive ~ ['one fourth']
  3. (in telling time) (a) ~ of (AE), to (the hour) (it was a ~
 to five)
  4. (a) ~ after (AE), past (the hour) (it is a ~ past five)
 II v. (esp. mil.) (D; tr.) ('to assign to a lodging place') to ~
 on, upon (to ~ troops on the
 local population)
quarters
 n. ['housing'] 1. to find ~
  2. bachelor; officers' ~
  3. ('misc.') confined to ~ ['assigned stations on a ship']
  4. battle, general ~ ['sources']
  5. from certain ~ (from the highest ~) ['misc.']
  6. at close ~ ('close together')
quartet
 n. 1. to play a ~
  2. a piano; string; woodwind ~
quay
 n. at, on a ~
queasy
 adj. ['uneasy'] ~ about (to feel ~ about smt.)
queen
 n. 1. to crown a ~
  2. to crown; proclaim smb. ~
  3. to depose, dethrone a ~
  4. a despotic; popular; strong; weak ~
  5. a ~ mounts the throne
  6. a ~ abdicates (a throne)
  7. a ~ consort; mother
  8. (misc.) to toast the ~; a beauty ~; a drag ~ (colloq. and
 derog.) ('a male transvestite')
queen's evidence
 n. (BE) to turn ~ (see also king's evidence, state's evidence)
queer
 I adj. 1. ~ about (there is smt. ~ about them)
  2. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to be speaking of the heat in January)
  3. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that he hasn't arrived yet)
 II v. (colloq.) (d; refl.) ('to put oneself in a bad light') to
 ~ with (he ~ed himself with all his professors)
query
 n. 1. to put a ~ to
  2. to respond to a ~
  3. a ~ about
quest
 n. 1. a ~ for
  2. in ~ of
question
 I n. ['query'] 1. to ask (smb.) a ~; to ask a ~ of smb.
  2. to address, pose, put a ~ to smb.
  3. to bring up, raise a ~
  4. to answer, field, reply to, respond to a ~ (the senator
 fielded all ~s expertly)
  5. to beg ('evade') the ~
  6. to parry smb.'s ~s
  7. an academic, hypothetical, rhetorical; awkward,
 embarrassing, sticky, ticklish; blunt, direct; civil ('polite');
 debatable, moot; irrelevant; leading; loaded, tricky; pointed;
 probing; relevant; thorny ~
  8. an essay ~ (on an examination)
  9. an examination, test ~
  10. a ~ about, as to, concerning ['matter being discussed']
  11. to put the ~ ('to vote on the matter being discussed')
  12. a burning; controversial; crucial; explosive; open; vexed
 (esp. BE) ~
  13. (misc.) (colloq.) to pop the ~ ('to propose marriage')
 ['vote'] (parliamentary procedure)
  14. to put a matter to the ~ ['doubt'] ['dispute']
  15. to clear up, resolve a ~
  16. beyond all ~
  17. in, into ~ (to come into ~; to call smt. into ~)
 ['misc.']
  18. out of the ~ ('impossible')
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~  about (the police ~ed her about her
 activities)
questionable
 adj. highly ~
questioning
 n. 1. close ('intensive') ~
  2. under ~ (under close ~ by the district attorney)
questionnaire
 n. 1. to draw up, formulate a ~
  2. to circulate, distribute, send out a ~
  3. to answer, fill in, fill out (esp. AE), fill up (BE; old-
 fashioned) a ~
queue
 I n. (esp. BE) 1. to form a ~
  2. to join; jump the ~
  3. in a ~ (to stand in a ~)
 II v. see queue up
queue up
 v. (esp. BE)(D;intr.)to~for (they had to ~ for fresh fruit)
quibble
 I n. a minor ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over; with (to ~ about trifles)
quick
 I adj. 1. ~ about (be ~ about it)
  2. ~ at (~ at picking up a new language)
  3. ~ with (~ with one's hands)
  4. (cannot stand alone) ~ to + int. (she is ~ to learn; he is ~
 to take offense)
  5. (misc.) ~ on (~ on one's feet)
 II n. 1. to cut smb. to the ~ ('to offend smb. gravely')
  2. (misc.) the ~ and the dead
quicksand
 n. a bed of ~
quiet
 n. to shatter the ~
quilt
 n. a crazy; down; patchwork ~
quip
 I n. to make a ~ about
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ about; at
  2. (L) she ~ped that being without a telephone for a few days
 would be nice
quirk
 n. a strange ~
quit
 v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ because of, over (he quit his job in
 disgrace over the bribe)
  2. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to stop') to ~ on (the engine quit on
 us)
  3. (G) she quit smoking
quits
 n. (colloq.) to call it ~ ('to cease doing smt.')
quiver
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with fear)
quiz
 I n. ['short test'] 1. to give; make up a ~
  2. to take a ~
  3. an oral; unannounced; written ~
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ about (the police ~zed the neighbors about
 the incident)
quoits
 n. to pitch, play ~
quorum
 n. 1. to constitute, make (up) a ~
  2. to have; lack a ~
quota
 n. 1. to assign, establish, fix, set a ~
  2. to fill, fulfill, meet a ~
  3. to exceed one's ~
  4. an import; production; racial ~
quotation
 n. 1. to give a ~ from
  2. a direct ~
quote
 I see quotation
 II v. 1. to ~ directly
  2. (A) she ~d several verses to us; or: she ~d us several
 verses
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ from (she loves to ~ from Shakespeare)
  4. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ a passage from the Bible)
quotient
 n. an intelligence ~ (= IQ) r n. 1. to roll, trill an ~
  2. a retroflex; rolled, trilled; uvular ~
rabbi
 n. a chief; Conservative; Orthodox; Reform
rabbit
 n. ~s breed quickly; burrow
rabid
 adj. ['fanatical'] ~ about, on (~ on a certain subject)
rabies
 n. to come down with, get ~
race
 I n. ['group distinguished by certain physical traits'] 1. the
 Caucasoid; Mongoloid; Negroid ~
  2. the human ~
  3. the (so-called) master ~
 II n. ['contest of speed'] ['competition'] 1. to organize,
 stage a ~
  2. to drive; row; run a ~
  3. to lose; win a ~
  4. to fix (the results of) a ~
  5. to scratch ('cancel') a ~ (at a racetrack)
  6. a close, even, hotly contested, tight; grueling; uneven ~
  7. an automobile (AE), motor (esp. BE); boat; cross-country;
 dog; drag ('acceleration') ~; footrace; horse; relay ~
  8. (pol.) a congressional; governor's, gubernatorial;
 political; presidential ~
  9. the arms ~
  10. a ~ against, with; between; for (the  ~ for the presidency
 was run between well qualified candidates; a ~ against time)
  11. a ~ to + int. (the ~ to conquer space) ['misc.']
  12. a rat ~ ('very hectic activity')
 III v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ against, with (to ~ against time)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a prize)
  3. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ to (let's ~ to school I'll ~ you to the
 car)
racialism
  (BE) see racism
racing
 n. auto (AE), motor (esp. BE); harness; horse ~
racism
 n. 1. to stamp out ~
  2. blatant, rampant, vicious, virulent ~
rack
 I n. ['framework, stand'] 1. a bomb; clothes; hat; luggage
 (AE), roof (BE); rifle; towel ~ ['instrument of torture']
  2. on the ~
 II n. (obsol.) ['destruction'] to go to ~ and ruin
racket
 I n. ['noise'] 1. to make a ~
  2. a terrible ~ ['dishonest practice']
  3. to operate, run a ~
  4. a numbers; protection ~
racket II racquet
 n. ['bat used to play tennis'] 1. to swing a ~
  2. to string a ~
  3. a badminton; tennis
racketeer
 n. a big-time; petty ~
radar
 n. early-warning ~
radiant
 adj. ~ with (~ with joy)
radiate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from
radiation
 n. 1. to emit ~
  2. nuclear ~
radio
 n. ['radio receiving set'] 1. to put on, switch on, turn on a
 ~
  2. to switch off, turn off a ~
  3. to turn down; turn up a ~
  4. to listen to the ~
  5. an AM; clock; FM; shortwave; transistor ~
  6. on, over the ~ (I heard the bad news over the ~) ['radio
 broadcasting industry']
  7. (to be) in ~
radioactivity
 n. 1. to emit, generate, produce ~
  2. (a) dangerous (level of) ~
radishes
 n. a bunch of ~
radius
 n. 1. a cruising ~
  2. in, within a ~ of (within a ~ of fifty miles)
raffle
 n. 1. to hold a ~
  2. a ~ for
raft
 n. 1. to launch a ~
  2. a life ~
rafting
 n. white-water ~
rag
 I n. to chew the ~ (slang) ('to chat')
 II v. (slang) (D; tr.) to ~ about (they ~ged him about his
 beard)
rage
 I n. ['anger'] 1. to provoke, stir up smb.'s ~
  2. to express; feel ~
  3. to fly into a ~
  4. (a) blind, towering, ungovernable, violent; jealous; sudden
 ~
  5. a fit, outburst of ~
  6. a ~ against
  7. in a ~
  8. (misc.) to quiver with ~ ['fashion'] (colloq.)
  9. the latest ~
  10. a ~ for
  11. (misc.) it's all the ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ against, at
  2. (misc.) to ~ out of control (the fire ~d out of control)
ragged
 adj. to run smb. ~
rags
 n. 1. a bundle of ~
  2. (dressed) in ~
  3. (misc.) from ~ to riches ('from poverty to prosperity')
raid
 n. 1. to carry out, conduct a ~
  2. an air; border; guerrilla; police; retaliatory; suicide ~
  3. a ~ into (a ~ into enemy territory)
  4. a ~ on, upon (a ~ on an illegal gambling casino)
rail
 I n. ['barrier, handrail'] 1. at the ~ (to stand at the ~)
  2. (to jump) over the ~
  3. (misc.) to hold on to a ~
 II v. (d; intr.) ('to complain') to ~ against, at
railroad
 I n. (esp. AE) 1. to manage, run, operate a ~
  2. a double-track; elevated; single-track ~
  3. a ~ from; to
 II v. (colloq.) (d; tr.) ('to force') to ~ through (to ~ a bill
 through a legislature)
rails
 n. 1. to go off, j ump the ~
  2. to ride the ~ (see rod 5)
railway
 n. 1. (esp. BE) see railroad I
  2. a scenic ~ (BE)
  3. a cog; rack ~
  4. a narrow-gauge; normal-gauge ~
rain
 I n. 1. to make, produce ~
  2. (a) driving, heavy, pouring, soaking, torrential; freezing;
 intermittent; light; steady ~
  3. acid ~
  4. ~ falls; freezes; lets up; pours; starts; stops
  5. ~ beats, patters (against the windows)
  6. (misc.) the ~ came down in buckets; to get caught in the ~
 II v. to ~ hard
rainbow
 n. a ~ appears, comes out
rain check
 n. (AE) ['offer to accept an invitation at a later date'] to
 take a ~ on
raindrops
 n. ~ fall
rainfall
 n. 1. to measure ~
  2. annual, yearly; average; heavy; light; measurable;, normal ~
rain in
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (it was ~ing in on us)
rainwater
 n. to catch ~ (in a barrel)
raise
 I n. (AE) 1. to give smb. a ~ (in salary)
  2. to deserve; geta ~
  3. an across-the-board; annual ~ (BE has rise)
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to lift') to ~ from; to (to ~ a sunken ship
 from the bottom of the sea to the surface)
  2. (d; tr.) ('to elevate') to ~ to (to ~ smb. to the peerage)
  3. (esp. AE) (H) ('to bring up') they ~d their children to
 respect the rights of other people
raising
 n. consciousness ~
raisins
 n. seeded; seedless ~
rake
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ hay into piles)
rally
 I n. ['mass meeting'] 1. to hold, organize a ~
  2. a peace; pep; political ~ ['competition, race between
 cars'] (also spelled rallye)
  3. to hold, organize a ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ around, round (to ~ around a
 leader)
  2. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ for (the commander ~ied his troops for a
 counterattack)
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ to (they ~ied to the support of their
 country)
ram
 I n. a battering ~
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ piles into a river bed)
  2. (misc.) to ~ smt. down smb.'s throat ('to force smb. to
 accept smt.')
ramble on
 v. (D; intr.) ('to talk in a disorganized manner') to ~ about
 (she ~d on about her childhood)
ramp
 n. 1. a steep ~
  2. (misc.) to go down a ~; to go up a ~
rampage
 n. to go on a ~
ramparts
 n. to storm the ~
ranch
 n. 1. a cattle; dude ~
  2. at, on a ~ (he works at the ~; to live on a ~)
rancher
 n. a cattle ~
rancor, rancour
 n. 1. to stir up ~
  2. to express; feel; show ~
  3. deep-seated ~
  4. ~ against, towards (to feel ~ towards smb.)
random
 n. at ~ (to choose at ~)
random sample
 n. to select, take a ~
range
 I n. ['series of connecting mountains'] 1. a mountain ~
 ['distance that a gun fires, can fire']
  2. close; long; point-blank ~
  3. artillery; rifle ~
  4. at a certain ~ (at close ~)
  5. in, within ~
  6. out of ~ ['place where shooting is practiced']
  7. an artillery; firing; rifle; rocket ~
  8. at, on a ~ ['extent, scope']
  9. a narrow; wide ~
  10. within a ~ (within a narrow ~) ['cooking stove']
  11. an electric; gas ~ ['open region on which livestock
 graze']
  12. to ride the ~
  13. on the ~ ['misc.']
  14. a driving ~ (where one practices driving golf balls)
 II v. I. (d; tr.) ('to align') to ~ against (they were all ~d
 against us)
  2. (d; intr.) ('to extend') to ~ from; to (prices ~ from ten
 dollars to thirty dollars)
ranger
 n. a forest ~
rank
 I n. ['row'] (esp. mil.) 1. to form a ~
  2. to break ~s (also fig.)
  3. (misc.) to come up, rise from the ~s ['position, grade']
  4. to hold a ~ (to hold the ~ of captain)
  5. to pull (colloq.), use one's ~
  6. high; junior; low; senior ~
  7. (mil.) permanent (AE), substantive (BE) ~
  8. (mil.) other ~s (BE; AE has enlisted personnel)
  9. cabinet ~
  10. by, in ~ (to be seated by ~)
  11. of ~ (of cabinet ~; of high ~) ['misc.']
  12. to close ~s ('to unite'); a taxi ~ (BE; AE has taxi stand);
 to come up from the ~s ('to work one's way up to a high
 position'); the ~ and file ('everyone')
 II v. 1. (d; intr., tr.) ('to be rated; to rate') to ~ above
 (nobody ~s above Shakespeare; we do not ~ anyone above him)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ among (she ~s among our best instructors)
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ as (to ~ as an outstanding chess player;
 we ~ you as our best candidate)
  4. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ with (Pushkin ~s with Tolstoy)
rankle
 v. (R) it ~d me that they got all the credit
ransom
 n. 1. to pay (a) ~ for
  2. to demand; exact a ~ from
  3. to hold smb. for ~
rant
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at
  2. (misc.) to ~ and rave
rap
 I n. (colloq.) (AE) ['blame'] 1. to take the ~ for
  2. a bad, bum ~ (she got a bum ~) ('she was punished for smb.
 else's misdeeds') ['charge']
  3. to beat the ~
  4. on a ~ (he was sent to prison on a murder ~)
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to strike') to ~ at, on (to ~ on the
 window)
  2. (d; tr.) ('to strike') to ~ over (she ~ped him over the
 knuckles)
 III v. (colloq. )(AE)(D; intr.) ('to converse') to ~ about; with
rape
 n. 1. to commit ~
  2. attempted ~
  3. acquaintance, date; gang; marital; statutory ~
rapidity
 n. (with) lightning ~
rapids
 n. to ride, shoot ('pass by') (the) ~
rapport
 n. 1. to establish ~
  2. close ~
  3. in ~ with (they worked in close ~ with us)
rapprochement
 n. to bring about a ~ between
rapture
 n. 1. complete, total, utter ~
  2. in ~ over
rare
 adj. 1. ~ to + int. (it's ~ to see snow in September)
  2. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that he gets home before dark)
raring
 adj. (colloq.) ['eager'] (cannot stand alone) ~ to + int. (we
 are ~ to go)
rash
 I adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of her to try that)
 II n. 1. a diaper (AE), nappy (BE); heat (the baby has heat ~)
  2. nettle ~
  3. a ~ breaks out
  4. (misc.) to break out in a ~
raspberry
 n. (slang) ['contemptuous noise'] to give smb. the ~
rat
 I n. 1. the black; brown; water ~
  2. (misc.) to smell a ~ ('to suspect that the truth is not being
 told'); a dirty ~ ('a contemptible person')
 II v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to inform') to ~ on
rate
 I n. ['amount in relation to something else'] 1. to fix, set a
 ~
  2. a fast; flat; high; low; moderate; slow; steady ~
  3. bargain; reasonable; reduced; regular ~s
  4. an accident; birth; crime; death; divorce; fertility; growth;
 marriage; morbidity; mortality ~
  5. a discount; exchange; group; inflation; interest; primary;
 tax ~
  6. a metabolic; pulse; respiration ~
  7. an annual; hourly; monthly; seasonal; weekly ~
  8. at a certain ~ (at a steady ~; she borrowed money at a high
 interest ~) ['misc.']
  9. at any ~ ('in any case'); first ~ ('top quality')
 II v. 1. to ~ high; low
  2. (d; intr., tr.) ('to be ranked; to rank') to ~ among (that
 player is ~d among the very best)
  3. (d; intr., tr.) ('to be ranked; to rank') to ~ as (this wine
 ~s as excellent; she is ~d as one of the best tennis players in
 the country)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to compare') to ~ with (this wine ~s with the
 very best)
  5. (colloq.) (AE) (D; intr.) ('to enjoy a favored status') to ~
 with (she really ~s with them)
  6. (P; tr.) ('to rank') this restaurant is ~d very highly
  7. (GB) (P; tr.) ('to assess for tax purposes') their flat is ~d
 at eight hundred pounds this year
  8. (misc.) on a scale of one to ten, we would ~ this restaurant
 eight
rather
 adv. 1. ~ + inf. + than (she would ~ play tennis than watch TV)
  2. (colloq.) ~ + clause + than (I would ~ you stayed home than
 go out in this blizzard; she would ~ you did your homework than
 watched TV)
  3. ~ + inf. (she would ~ not watch TV)
  4. (colloq.) ~ + clause (she would ~ you didn't watch TV)
  5. (misc.) I prefer to walk ~ than to ride; I prefer walking ~
 than riding
rating
 n. ['classification'] ['limit'] 1. a high; low ~
  2. a credit; efficiency; octane; power ~ ['ordinary seaman']
 (BE)
  3. a naval ~
ratio
 n. 1. a compression ~
  2. an inverse ~
  3. a ~ between
  4. at a ~ of; to (at a ~ of three to one)
ration
 I n. ['fixed allowance'] 1. a daily; monthly; weekly ~
  2. a food; gasoline (AE), petrol (BE) ~
 II v. l.to~strictly2.(D;tr.)to~to(we were ~ed to ten gallons of
 gasoline/petrol a month)
rational
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it is not ~ to expect miracles)
rationalization
 n. ['excuse'] 1. a mere ~
  2. a ~ for (a ~ for refusing to contribute)
  3. a ~ to + inf. (it was a ~ to argue that increased spending
 would spur the economy)
  4. a ~ that + clause (their ~ that increased spending is bad has
 been disproved)
rationing
 n. 1. to introduce ~
  2. to end, terminate ~
  3. food; gasoline (AE), petrol (BE) ~
  4. emergency; wartime ~
ration out
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ among, to
rations
 n. 1. to issue ~
  2. army; emergency; short ~
  3. on ~ (we were on short ~)
rattle
 I n. ['noise in the throat caused by air passing through
 mucus'] 1. the death ~ ['device producing a rattling sound']
  2. a baby's ~
 II v. (colloq.) (R) it ~d me to realize how close we had been to
 a real catastrophe
rattlesnake
 n. a ~ bites, strikes
ravages
 n. ['destruction'] to repair the ~ (wrought by war)
rave
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over; to (she was ~ing to us about her
 grandchild)
ravine
 n. a deep ~
raw
 n. ['natural state'] in the ~
ray
 n. 1. to emit, send forth, send out ~s
  2. a cathode; cosmic; death; gamma; infrared; ultraviolet; X ~
  3. heat; light ~s
raze
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a building to the ground)
razor
 n. 1. to hone, set, sharpen a ~
  2. a dull; keen, sharp ~
  3. a double-edged; electric; safety; single-edged; straight ~
reach
 I n. 1. beyond, out of ~
  2. in, within ~ (to bring smt. within ~)
  3. (misc.) a boardinghouse ('very long') ~; the vast ~es (of the
 western plains)
 II v. 1. (A; used without to) ('to pass') ~ me the salt
  2. (d; intr.) ('to extend one's hand') to ~ for (she ~ed for a
 cigarette)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to extend one's hand') to ~ into (she ~ed into
 her pocket for her keys)
  4. (D; intr.) ('to extend') to ~ to (the rope doesn't ~ to the
 ground)
reach out
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to attempt to obtain') (to ~ for
 mutual understanding)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to extend') to ~ for (she ~ed out her hand for the
 change)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ into, to ('to attempt to help') (to ~ to the
 local community)
  4. (D; tr.) ('to extend') to ~ to (~ your hand to me)
react
 v. 1. to ~ strongly
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ against (to ~ against unfair treatment)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to a stimulus; to ~ to a
 provocation)
reaction
 n. 1. to cause, trigger a ~
  2. to encounter, meet with a ~
  3. an adverse, negative; favorable, positive; strong; weak ~
  4. an allergic; chain; chemical; delayed; knee-jerk (usu. fig.);
 natural, normal; nuclear; physiological ~
  5. a ~ against, to (a natural ~ to provocation)
  6. in ~ to
reactionary
 n. a dyed-in-the wool ~
reactor
 n. an atomic, nuclear; breeder; fission ~
read
 v. 1. (A) she read a nice story to the children; or: she read the
 children a nice story
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ about
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ for (she used to ~ for the patients in
 the nursing home; could you ~ that material for me?)
  4. (esp. BE) (d; intr.) ('to study') to ~ for (to ~ for a
 degree; to ~ for the bar)
  5. (d; tr.) to ~ into ('to attribute') (don't try to ~ anything
 else into her letter)
  6. (AE) (d; tr.) to ~ out of ('to exclude') (he was read out of
 the party)
  7. (d; intr.) to ~ to (she loves to ~ to the children)
  8. (misc.) to ~ by candlelight; to ~ a language fluently; to ~
 between the lines; to ~ aloud; the letter ~s like an accusation;
 the cablegram ~s as follows...; to ~ a child to sleep; to ~ smb.
 like a book ('to comprehend smb.'s motives very clearly')
reader
 n. ['one who reads'] 1. an avid, voracious ~
  2. a regular ~ (of a newspaper)
  3. a copy ~ (AE;
 BE has subeditor)
  4. (rel.) a lay ~ ['university teacher below the rank of
 professor'] (BE)
  5. a ~ in (a ~ in physics) ['practice book for reading']
  6. a basic ~ ['supervisor of a dissertation, thesis']
  7. a first; second ~ ['misc.']
  8. a mind ~ (see the Usage Note for professor)
readiness
 n. 1. ~ to + inf. (her ~ to help was appreciated)
  2. (to hold oneself) in ~
reading
 n. ['act of reading'] 1. light; remedial; responsive; serious;
 solid ~
  2. a dramatic; poetry ~
  3. assigned; suggested ~(s) (have you done the assigned ~ for
 the course?)
  4. at a ~ (at the first ~)
  5. in a ~ (you will not be able to absorb the material in one ~)
 ['interpretation']
  6. a new ~ of (Shakespeare)
readjust
 v. (D;intr., refl., tr.)to ~ to
read up
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on a subject)
ready
 adj. 1. ~ for (~ for any emergency)
  2. ~ with (she is always ~ with an answer)
  3. ~ to + inf. (we are ~ to begin)
  4. (misc.) to get (smb.) ~ for; at the ~
reaffirm
 v. (L) she ~ed that she would serve as treasurer
realism
 n. to lend ~ (the sound effects lend ~ to the scene)
realist
 n. a down-to-earth, hardheaded ~
realistic
 adj. ~ to + inf. (is it ~ to expect such results?)
reality
 n. 1. (the) grim, harsh, sober ~ (the harsh ~ of life)
  2. in ~
  3. (misc.) to accept ~; to deny ~
realization
 n. 1. to come to the ~
  2. the ~ that + clause (the ~ that a catastrophe could occur at
 any time sobered them up)
realize
 v. 1. to ~ fully
  2. (L) she ~d that she had been cheated
  3. (Q) I ~d how my words had been distorted
reaper
 n. the grim ~ ('death')
reapply
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for; to (to ~ for admission to a university)
reappoint
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ as (to ~ smb. as chairperson)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to a commit-tee)
  3. (H) to ~ smb. to serve as secretary
  4. (N; used with a noun) we ~ed her treasurer
reappraisal
 n. to do, make a ~
rear
 I n. 1. to bring up the ~
  2. at, from, in the ~ (the column was attacked from the ~)
 II v. (H) we ~ed our children to help others
reason
 I n. ['cause, justification'] 1. to cite, give a ~
  2. a cogent, compelling, convincing, plausible, sound, strong,
 urgent ~
  3. a logical; personal; underlying; valid ~
  4. every ~; (a) sufficient ~
  5. a ~ against; behind; for (the real ~ behind their decision
 was never made public; to have a ~ for not going)
  6. a ~ to + inf. (we had every ~ to complain; there is
 sufficient ~ to be concerned)
  7. a ~ that + clause (the ~ that/why she did it is a mystery)
  8. for a ~ (he quit for personal ~s) ['logic']
  9. to listen to; see ~
  10. to stand to ~ ('to be logical') (it stands to ~ that the
 majority party will be reelected) ['reasonable limits']
  11. within ~ (I'll do anything for you within ~) ['sanity']
  12. to lose one's ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ with ('to attempt to persuade') (you
 can't ~ with him)
  2. (L) ('to argue') they ~ed that any new proposal would fail
reasonable
 adj. 1. ~ about (let's be ~ about this)
  2. ~ to + inf. (it is not ~ to demand so much from them)
reasoning
 n. 1. cogent, logical, plausible, solid, sound ~
  2. faulty; shrewd; specious ~
  3. deductive; inductive ~
  4. ~ that + clause (her ~ that the crime had been committed
 elsewhere proved to be true)
reassign
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to headquarters)
reassure
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ about, of (they ~d us of their support)
  2. (L; must have an object) we ~d them that we would not be late
reassuring
 adj. 1. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ to note that airport security has
 been improved)
  2. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that airport security has been
 improved)
rebate
 n. 1. to give a ~
  2. to get, receive a ~
rebel
 I n. a ~ against
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ against, at (to ~ against tyranny; they
 ~ied at the thought of getting up before dawn)
rebellion
 n. I. to foment, stir up a ~
  2. to crush, put down, quash, quell a ~
  3. open ~
  4. a ~ breaks out
  5. a ~ against
  6. in ~ (in open ~)
rebound
 I n. 1. (basketball) to grab a ~
  2. (misc.) on the ~ (right after her divorce she married smb. on
 the~)
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from a setback)
rebuff
 n. 1. to meet with a ~
  2. a polite; sharp ~
rebuke
 I n. 1. to administer, deliver, give a ~
  2. to draw, receive a ~
  3. a mild; scathing, sharp, stern, stinging ~
  4. a ~ to
 II v. 1. to ~ mildly; sharply, sternly
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ smb. for sloppy work)
rebuttal
 n. to make a ~
recall
 I n. ['remembrance'] 1. beyond ~ ['memory']
  2. complete, total ~ ['signal recalling troops']
  3. to sound the ~
 II v. 1. ('to remember') to ~ distinctly, vividly
  2. (d; tr.) ('to remember') to ~ as (I ~ him as a very bashful
 child)
  3. (D; tr.) ('to call back') to ~ from; to (to ~ smb. from
 retirement to active duty)
  4. (G) ('to remember') she ~ed seeing him
  5. (K) ('to remember') I ~ed their visiting us
  6. (L) ('to remember') she ~ed that she had an appointment
  7. (Q) ('to remember') I could not ~ where we had agreed to meet
recede
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from
receipt
 n. ['receiving'] 1. to acknowledge ~ of
  2. on ~ of ['written acknowledgment of something received']
  3. to give, make out, write out a ~
  4. to get a ~
  5. (esp. AE) a return ~ (for registered mail)
  6. a ~ for
receive
 v. 1. to ~ smb. coldly, coolly; favorably; warmly
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ as (the astronauts were ~d as conquering
 heroes)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ from (he ~d a letter from her)
  4. (d; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smb. into a church)
receiver
 n. ['part of a telephone'] 1. to pick up the ~
  2. to hang up, put down, replace a ~
  3. a telephone ~ ['radio']
  4. a shortwave ~ ['one who catches a forward pass'] (Am.
 football)
  5. to hit; spot a ~ (to spot a ~ down the field)
receivership
 n. 1. to put a firm into ~
  2. in ~
reception
 n. ['social gathering'] 1. to give, hold; host a ~
  2. a diplomatic; formal; informal; official; wedding ~
  3. a ~ for (a ~ for graduating students)
  4. at a ~ (we met at the ~) ['reaction, response']
 ['greeting']
  5. to get, meet with a ~
  6. to accord, give (smb.) a ~
  7. a chilly, cold, cool; cordial, friendly, warm; emotional;
 enthusiastic; favorable; lavish; mixed; rousing; unfriendly ~
 (their proposal got a mixed ~; they gave us a warm ~; the book
 received a favorable ~) ['registration desk in a hotel'] (BE)
  8. at ~ (leave your key at ~) ['receiving of broadcasts']
  9. good, strong; poor, weak~
receptive
 adj. ~ to (~ to any reasonable offer)
recess
 n. 1. to take a ~
  2. a spring; summer; winter ~
  3. in ~ (parliament was in ~)
recession
 n. 1. a business, economic ~
  2. (misc.) to come out of a ~; to go into a ~
recipe
 n. a ~ for
recipient
 n. a worthy ~
reciprocate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ by; for; with
reciprocity
 n. 1. ~ between
  2. (misc.) on a basis of
recital
 n. 1. to give a ~
  2. an organ; piano; violin ~
recite
 v. (B) she ~d her poetry to the audience
reckless
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of them to go out alone at night)
reckon
 v. 1. (colloq. in AE)(d; intr.) ('to depend') to ~ on (you can
 always ~ on my support)
  2. (colloq. in AE) (d; intr.) ('to deal') to ~ with (we'll have
 to ~ with him later)
  3. (colloq.) (L) I ~ we'll have to see them eventually
reckoning
 n. ['navigation'] 1. dead ~ ['calculations']
  2. by smb.'s ~ (by my ~)
reclaim
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
reclamation
 n. land; water ~
recluse
 n. an aging; virtual ~
recognition
 n. 1. to give, grant ~
  2. to gain, receive, win ~
  3. general, universal; growing; official; public; tacit; wide ~
 (to receive universal ~)
  4. (diplomatic) de facto; de jure ~
  5. ~ for; from (to receive ~ for one's accomplishments from
 one's colleagues)
  6. beyond ~ (burned beyond ~)
  7. in  ~  of
  8. (misc.) to give/show no signs of ~
recognizance
 n. (legal) on one's own ~ (she was released on her own ~)
recognize
 v. 1. to ~ generally, universally; officially; widely
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ as (she is universally ~d as an authority on
 the subject)
  3. (L) we ~d that the situation was hopeless
recoil
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at, from
  2. (misc.) to ~ in horror
recollect
 v. 1. (G) she could not ~ being there
  2. (K) can you ~ my calling you?
  3. (L) I ~ that the weather was cold
  4. (Q) can anyone ~ how the alarm is deactivated?
recollection
 n. 1. to have a ~ of
  2. a hazy, vague; painful; vivid ~
recommend
 v. 1. to ~ enthusiastically, highly, strongly
  2. (BE) (A) she ~ed a good dictionary to me; or: she ~ed me a
 good dictionary
  3. (B) she ~ed a good dictionary to me
  4. (D; tr.) to ~ as (she was ~ed as a suitable candidate for the
 job)
  5. (D; tr.) to  ~  for (to ~ smb. for a job)
  6. (G) he ~ed waiting
  7. (BE) (H; no passive) I ~ you to buy this book
  8. (K) he ~ed their investing in railroad stocks
  9. (L; subj.; to) she ~ed (to us) that our trip be/should be
 postponed
recommendation
 n. 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to provide, write a ~ for smb.
  3. to make a ~
  4. to act on, carry out, implement a ~
  5. a lukewarm; negative; positive; strong; weak ~
  6. a ~ for
  7. a ~ to (her  ~  to us was to postpone the trip)
  8. a ~ to + inf. (we ignored her ~ to postpone the trip)
  9. a ~ that + clause; subj. (we ignored her ~ that our trip be/
 should be postponed)
  10. at, on smb.'s ~ (we hired him on her ~)
recommit
 v. (D; tr.) ('to confine again') to ~ to (he was ~ted to the
 mental hospital)
recompense
 I n. (formal) ~ for
 II v. (formal) (D; tr.) to ~ for
reconcile
 v. 1. (D;refl.,tr.) to ~ to (he had to ~ himself to his fate)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ with (we tried to ~  her with her family; to ~
 a checkbook with a bank statement)
reconciliation
 n. 1. to bring about, effect a ~
  2. a ~ with
reconnaissance
 n. 1. to carry out, conduct ~
  2. aerial ~
  3. (a) ~ in force
record
 I n. ['best performance'] 1. to establish, set a (new)  ~
  2. to equal, tie a ~
  3. to beat, better, break, surpass a ~
  4. to hold a ~
  5. an unbroken ~
  6. an attendance; speed ~
  7. a national; Olympic; world ~
  8. ~s fall ['account of events'] ['file']
  9. to keep; make a ~ (to keep a ~ of events)
  10. to close; open up a ~
  11. to destroy ~s
  12. an accurate; detailed; official; sketchy; verbatim ~
  13. public ~ (a matter of public ~)
  14. medical ~s
  15. of; on ~ (the coldest day on ~)
  16. (misc.) to set the ~ straight ('to correct a
 misunderstanding') ['past performance']
  17. (to have) a clean; good ~
  18. an academic; distinguished; excellent; mediocre, spotty;
 safety; service ~ (her academic ~ is excellent; he's been in
 jail and has a police ~; this airline's safety ~ is impeccable;
 she has a distinguished ~ as a public official) ['recorded
 crimes']
  19. to have a ~ (he's been in jail and has a ~)
  20. a criminal, police ~ ['publication'] ['public
 disclosure']
  21. to go on ~
  22. for the ~ (was his statement for the ~?)
  23. off the ~ (what she told the reporters was off the ~)
 ['grooved disc']
  24. to cut (AE), make a ~
  25. to play a ~
  26. a gramophone (BE), phonograph (AE); long-playing ~
 II v. 1. to ~ live
  2. (L) ('to report') the newspapers ~ed that a new era in
 international cooperation had begun
recorder
 n. a tape; voice ~
recording
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. to play a ~
  3. a tape
records
 n. ['recorded information'] 1. to file; keep ~
  2. accurate ~
recount
 I n. to do, make a ~ (of votes)
 II v. (B) to ~ a story to smb.
recourse
 n. to have ~ to
recover
 v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ from (to ~ from an illness; the police
 ~ed the missing items from the bottom of the river)
recovery
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a quick, rapid, speedy; remarkable; slow ~ (the patient made
 a quick ~)
  3. an economic ~
  4. a ~ from
  5. (misc.) to wish smb. a speedy ~
recreation
 n. for ~ (what do you do for ~?)
recruit
 I n. a fresh, green, raw ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ volunteers for charitable work)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ volunteers from friendly countries)
  3. (H) to ~ mercenaries to serve in the army
recruiter
 n. an air force; army; marine; navy ~
recuperate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from the flu)
recuperation
 n. ~ from
recur
 v. (D; intr.) ('to come again to mind') to ~ to (that thought
 keeps ~ring to me)
red
 n. ['color'] 1. bright; dark; light ~
  2. (misc.) as ~ as a beet (AE), beetroot (BE) ['red light']
  3. on  ~  (no turn on ~) ['debt']
  4. in the ~ (to operate in the ~)
red carpet
 n. ['warm reception'] to put out, roll out the ~ for smb.
rededicate
 v. (d;refl.,tr.) to ~ to (we must ^ourselves to our cause)
rededication
 n. ~ to
redeem
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
redemption
 n. 1. ~ from
  2. beyond, past ~
redeploy
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from; to (troops were being ~ed from Europe to
 Asia)
redeployment
 n. 1. large-scale ~ (the large-scale ~ of troops)
  2. ~ from; to
redevelopment
 n. urban ~
red-faced
 adj. ~ with (~ with shame)
red light
 n. 1. to go through, run (AE) a ~ (she ran a ~ and was fined)
  2. at a ~ (to stop at a ~)
redolent
 adj. (formal) ~ of, with (~ of honeysuckle)
redound
 v. (formal) (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to affect') (her success ~s to
 the credit of her teachers)
redress
 n. legal ~
red tape
 n. 1. to get caught up in, get involved in ~
  2. to cut, eliminate (the) ~
reduce
 v. 1. (d;tr.) to ~ in (he was ~d in rank)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ to (she was ~d to poverty; the corporal was ~d
 to the rank of private)
reduction
 n. 1. to take a ~ (in salary)
  2. to make a (price) ~
  3. a ~ in (a ~ in salary)
  4. a ~ to
  5. at a ~ (to sell merchandise at a substantial ~)
reef
 n. 1. to strike a ~ (the ship struck a ~)
  2. a barrier; coral ~
reek
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ of (to ~ of alcohol)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with sweat)
reel
 v. (D; intr.) ('to stagger') to ~ under (to ~ under blows)
reeling
 adj. to send smb. ~
reentry
 n. a ~ into (a spaceship's ~ into the atmosphere)
refer
 v. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ to (in her autobiography she never ~red
 to her parents; the problem was ~red to a committee; they ~red
 me to the manager)
referable
 adj. ~ to
refer back
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ to (the report was ~red back to the committee)
reference
 n. ['mention, allusion'] 1. to make (a) ~ (she made no ~s to
 her opponents)
  2. to contain a ~ (the statement contains several ~s to me)
  3. a direct; indirect, oblique ~
  4. a ~ to (without ~ to age) ['regard, relation']
  5. in, with ~ to
  6. a frame of ~ ['recommendation'] ['statement']
  7. to give, provide a ~
  8. a good, positive, satisfactory; negative ~ ['consultation']
 ['source of information']
  9. further; quick ~
  10. for ~ (to file for future ~)
referendum
 n. to conduct, hold a ~ on
referral
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ from; to
refill
 n. 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. a ~ for (a ~ for a ballpoint pen)
refine
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on, upon ('to improve') (to ~ on a method)
refinery
 n. an oil; sugar ~
reflect
 v. 1. ('to think about') to ~ closely; seriously
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on, upon ('to think about') (to ~ on one's
 past mistakes)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to discredit') (her unfounded
 accusations ~ed on her credibility)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to show') (her unselfish act ~s well on
 her upbringing)
  5. (d; tr.) to - on ('to bring to') (the team's victory ~ed
 credit on the coach)
reflection
 n. ['criticism'] 1. a ~ on (this is no — on your
 qualifications) ['meditation, thought']
  2. quiet; serious; sober ~
  3. ~ on (~s on the war)
  4. after, on ~ (on further ~ she saw her mistake)
reflex
 n. 1. to test one's ~es
  2. a conditioned ~
  3. abnormal; diminished; hyperactive; normal ~es
reform
 n. 1. carry out, effect a ~
  2. a far-reaching; radical, sweeping ~
  3. (an) agrarian, land; economic; labor; orthographic, spelling;
 penal; social ~
reformatory
 n. (now AE; obsol.) at, in a ~ (he spent time at/in a ~)
reformer
 n. an economic; social ~
refraction
 n. ['eye examination'] to do a ~ (the oculist did a ~)
refrain
 I n. to sing a ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from smoking)
refreshments
 n. 1. to offer ~
  2. light; liquid ~
refrigeration
 n. under ~ (to keep food under ~)
refrigerator
 n. 1. to defrost a ~
  2. a frostfree ~
  3. an electric; gas ~
  4. (misc.) to raid the ~ ('to consume large quantities of food
 from the refrigerator, esp. at night')
refueling, refuelling
 n. inflight, midair ~
refuge
 n. 1. to give, provide ~
  2. to find, take; seek ~
  3. a wildlife ~
  4. a place of ~
  5. ~ from (to take ~ from the storm)
refugee
 n. 1. a political ~
  2. a ~ from
refund
 I n. 1. to give, pay a ~
  2. to get, receive a ~
  3. a tax ~
 II v. (B) the manager ~ed the purchase price to the customer
refusal
 n. 1. an adamant, curt, flat, outright, point-blank, unyielding ~
  2. a first ~ (BE; CE has first option)
  3. a ~ to + int. (I could not comprehend her ~ to help)
  4. (misc.) to meet with a ~
refuse
 I n. (BE) to collect the ~ (see also garbage, trash)
 II v. 1. to ~ categorically, completely, outright, point-blank
  2. (E) she ~d to see him
  3. (0; can be used with one object) he ~d them nothing
refute
 v. to ~ completely
regain
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
regale
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ with (to ~ one's guests with funny stories)
regard
 I n. ['consideration'] 1. to show ~
  2. ~ for (he shows no ~ for the feelings of others; you must
 have ~ for our safety) ['esteem']
  3. high; low ~ (to hold smb. in high ~) ['aspect, relation']
  4. in a ~ (in this ~)
  5. in, with ~ to (in ~ to your request, no decision has been
 made)
 II v. 1. to ~ highly (highly ~ed in the scientific community)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ as (to ~ smb. as a friend)
  3. (d; tr.) to ~ with (to ~ smb. with contempt)
regardless
 adj. ~ of
regards
 n. ['greetings'] 1. to convey smb.'s ~; to send one's ~
  2. to give smb. one's ~
  3. best, cordial, friendly, kind, kindest, sincere, warm,
 warmest; personal ~ (with best personal ~)
regatta
 n. an annual ~
regime
 n. 1. to establish a ~
  2. to overthrow a ~
  3. a puppet; totalitarian ~
regiment
 n. 1. a Guards (GB); infantry ~
  2. a colonel commands a ~
region
 n. a border; mountainous; outlying, remote; polar; unpopulated ~
register
 I n. ['record, record book'] 1. to keep a ~
  2. a case; hotel ~ ['roster']
  3. the Social Register ['machine that registers the amount of
 each sale']
  4. a cash ~
 II v. 1. (D;intr.,tr.) to ~ as (she ~ed as a Republican; he was
 not ~ed as a voter)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (she ~ed for two courses; our
 departmental secretary has ~ed ten students for the seminar)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ in (how many ~ed in the course?)
  4. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ with (he had to ~ with the authorities;
 to ~ a pistol with the police)
registration
 n. 1. to conduct ~
  2. gun; voter ~
regress
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to one's childhood)
regret
 I n. 1. to express ~(s)
  2. to feel; show ~
  3. deep, keen ~
  4. a token of (one's) ~
  5. ~ at, over; for (to express ~ at not being able to accept an
 invitation; ~ for one's mistake)
 II v. 1. to ~ deeply, very much
  2. (formal) (E) we ~ to inform you that your position has been
 eliminated
  3. (G) I ~ having to leave so early
  4. (K) everyone ~ted his being dismissed
  5. (L) we ~ that we cannot accept your invitation
regrets
 n. ['expression of regret at declining an invitation'] 1. to
 send ~
  2. ~ only (appears on invitations instructing recipients to
 respond only if they are unable to accept)
regulation
 n. 1. to adopt, enact a ~
  2. to apply, enforce a ~
  3. to obey, observe a ~
  4. to ignore; violate a ~
  5. rigid, strict ~s
  6. army; government; health; police; security; traffic ~s
  7. a ~ that + clause; subj. (we obeyed the ~ that no cars be/
 should be parked there)
rehabilitation
 n. physical ~
rehearsal
 n. 1. to conduct, hold; schedule a ~
  2. a dress, final ~
  3. a ~ for
  4. at a ~ (I'll see you at the dress ~)
rehearse
 v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a concert)
reign
 I n. during smb.'s~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ over
  2. (s) to ~ supreme
reimburse
 v. 1. to ~ amply, fully, generously
  2. (rare) (B) all expenses will be ~d to you
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ for (you will be ~d for all expenses)
reimbursement
 n. ~ for
rein
 I n. ['control'] 1. to keep a ~ on
  2. to give free, full ~ to ('to remove restraints on')
  3. a tight ~ (to keep a tight ~ on smb.)
  4. (misc.) to seize the ~s of government
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a horse to the left)
reinforcements
 n. to bring up; commit; send ~
reins
 n. ['straps used to control an animal'] to draw in, tighten the
 ~
reinstate
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ as (she was ~d as treasurer)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ in (to ~ smb. in her/his former position)
reissue
 v. (B) the supply sergeant ~d ammunition to the platoon
reiterate
 v. 1. (B) she ~d her story to the police
  2. (L) he ~d that he would resign
reject
 v. to ~ completely, flatly, outright, totally
rejection
 n. complete, flat, outright, total ~
rejoice
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at, in, over (they ~d at the good news)
rejoinder
 n. 1. a sharp; telling ~
  2. a ~ to
relapse
 n. 1. to have, suffer a ~
  2. a complete, total ~
relate
 v. 1. (B) she ~d her version of the incident to the police
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ to (this law does not ~ to your case; how do
 they ~ to each other?)
related
 adj. ~ by; to (I am ~ to him by marriage)
relation
 n. 1. a ~ between
  2. in ~ to
relations
 n. 1. to establish; have, maintain; normalize; renew ~
  2. to cement, improve, promote, strengthen ~
  3. to break off, sever; strain ~ (to break off diplomatic ~ with
 a country)
  4. close, intimate; friendly; strained, troubled ~
  5. business, commercial, economic, trade; diplomatic;
 extramarital; foreign; international; labor; marital;
 premarital; public; race; sexual ~ (to have sexual ~ with smb.)
  6. ~ among, between; with
  7. (misc.) friends and ~ ('friends and relatives')
relationship
 n. 1. to cement; establish a ~ (to establish a ~ with smb.)
  2. to bear, have a ~ (to bear a ~ to smt.)
  3. to break off a ~ (to break off a ~ with smb.)
  4. a casual; close, intimate; direct; indirect; meaningful;
 solid; tenuous; warm ~
  5. a doctor-patient ~
  6. an extramarital; incestuous ~; interpersonal; spatial ~s
  7. an inverse ~
  8. a ~ between; to, towards; with
relative
 I adj. ~ to
 II n. a blood; close; distant ~; one's nearest ~s
relaxant
 n. a muscle ~
relaxation
 n. for ~ (what do you do for ~?)
relaxing
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ to spend a few days camping out)
relay
 I n. to run a ~
 II v. (B) she ~ed the information to us
release
 I n. ['liberation'] 1. to bring about, effect smb.'s ~
  2. a ~ from (a ~ from prison) ['surrender of a claim or
 right'] (legal)
  3. to agree to; sign a ~ ['handing over']
  4. ~ to (the ~ of information to the press)
  5. a news ~
 II v. l.(D;tr.) to ~ from (he has been ~d from prison)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (the judge ~d the youthful culprit to his
 parents; the film has been ~d to various movie theaters; the
 information was ~d to the press)
relegate
 v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to second-class status)
  2. (misc.) (GB) to ~ a team to the second division
relevance
 n. 1. to have ~ to
  2. of ~ to (his testimony is of no ~ to the case)
relevant
 adj. ~ to (the evidence is ~ to the case)
reliance
 n. ~ on
reliant
 adj. ~ on
relics
 n. ancient; holy ~; ~ of the past
relief
 n. ['easing of pain, of a burden'] 1. to bring; give ~
  2. to express; feel ~
  3. to find; receive; seek ~ (they found ~ in looking at their
 son's photographs)
  4. great, immense; instant; permanent; temporary ~
  5. (esp. BE) tax ~
  6. ~ from (the rain brought instant ~ from the heat)
  7. ~ to (the news was a great ~ to us)
  8. a ~ to + inf. (it was a ~ to get home)
  9. ~ that + clause (they expressed ~ that the crisis was over)
  10. to smb.'s ~ (to my ~ they got there safely) ['welfare,
 government aid'] (esp. AE; obsol.)
  11. on ~ (in the 1930s they were on ~) ['comic scenes']
  12. comic; mock ~ ['differences in height']
  13. in ~ (to show terrain in ~) ['sharpness of outline']
  14. in bold ~ against (a light background)
relieve
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ of (the general was ~d of his command)
  2. (R) it ~d me to learn that they were safe
relieved
 adj. 1. ~ at (we were ~ at the news)
  2. ~ to + inf. (we were ~ to learn that they had arrived safely)
  3. ~ that + clause (we were ~ that they had arrived safely)
religion
 n. ['formal belief in a divine power'] 1. to practice a ~
  2. to abjure a ~
  3. a fundamentalist; monotheistic; polytheistic ~
  4. (an) established, organized ~
  5. a personal; state ~ ['study of systems of worship']
  6. comparative ~(s)
religious
 adj. deeply, profoundly ~
relinquish
 v. (B) ('to yield') he ~ed his business interests to his children
relish
 I n. ['enjoyment'] to show ~ for
 II v. 1.(G) I don't ~ confronting him
  2. (K) no one ~es his coming here
reluctance
 n. 1. to display, show ~
  2. extreme, great ~
  3. ~ to + inf. (her ~ to get involved was understandable)
reluctant
 adj. (usu. does not stand alone) ~ to + inf. (we were ~ to act)
rely
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on, upon (to ~ on smb. for advice)
remain
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ of (did anything ~ of the wreckage?)
  2. (E) that ~s to be seen
  3. (S) she ~ed a widow for the rest of her life; to ~ silent
remains
 n. human, mortal ~
remand
 v. (d; tr.) ('to send') to ~ to (the judge ~ed the accused to the
 county jail)
remark
 I n. 1. to drop, make a ~
  2. a biting, catty, caustic, cutting, nasty, scathing ~
  3. a casual; complimentary; cryptic; derogatory; facetious;
 flattering; impertinent; inane; indiscreet; off ~ the-cuff;
 passing; pithy; pointed; reassuring; sarcastic; slanderous;
 snide; suggestive; sullen; timely; trite; trivial; witty ~
  4. one's closing, concluding; opening ~s
  5. a ~ that + clause (she made the ~ that being interviewed was
 boring)
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ on, upon (the visitors ~ed on the
 excellent condition of the streets)
  2. (L; to) she ~ed (to us) that she found our story very strange
remarkable
 adj. 1. ~ for
  2. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to see such clean streets)
  3. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that the streets are so clean after
 the parade)
remedy
 n. 1. to resort to a ~
  2. to prescribe a ~
  3. (legal) to pursue a (legal) ~
  4. (legal) to exhaust all (legal) ~ies
  5. a certain, reliable, sure; effective, efficacious ~
  6. a cold; cough ~
  7. a folk; homeopathic ~
  8. a ~ for
remember
 v. 1. (B; colloq. the direct object is always a personal pronoun)
 please ~ me to your family ('please give my regards to your
 family')
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ as (I ~ him as a young man)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ of (what do you ~ of them?)
  4. (E) she ~ed to buy a newspaper
  5. (G) she ~ed buying the newspaper
  6. (J) I ~ him being very generous
  7. (K) I ~ his being very generous
  8. (L) she ~ed that she had an appointment
  9. (Q) I could not ~ how to open the safe USAGE NOTE: The
 sentence she didn't remember to buy a newspaper means 'she
 forgot to buy a newspaper'. The sentence she didn't remember
 buying a newspaper means 'she had no memory of buying a
 newspaper', whether she bought one or not.
remembrance
 n. in ~ of
remind
 v. 1. (d; tr.) ('to cause to remember') to ~ about, of (he ~ed me
 of my promise)
  2. (d; tr.) ('to call to mind') to ~ of (he ~s me of my cousin)
  3. (H) she ~ed me to buy a newspaper
  4. (L; must have an object) we ~ed them that the meeting had
 been postponed
reminder
 n. 1. a bitter; final; gentle; grim ~
  2. a ~ that + clause (we received a ~ that the rent was due)
reminisce
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about
reminiscences
 n. 1. personal ~
  2. ~ about
reminiscent
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ of (that melody is ~ of the old days)
remiss
 adj. (formal) ~ about, in (~ in performing one's duties)
remission
 n. ['lessening of the effects of a disease'] (med.) in ~
remit
 I n. (BE) ['assignment, area of responsibility'] 1. a limited;
 wide ~
  2. a ~ to + inf. (they have a ~ to investigate the company's
 affairs)
 II v. 1. (BE) (A) they ~ted the money to us; or: they ~ted us the
 money
  2. (AE) (B) they ~ted the money to us
remittance
  n. 1. to enclose; send a ~
   2. (obsol.) (BE) a ~ man ('one living abroad on money sent
  from home')
remonstrate
  v. (formal) (D; intr.) to ~ about; with (they ~d with the
  neighbors about the noise)
remorse
 n. 1. to display, show ~
  2. to express; feel ~
  3. bitter, deep, profound ~
  4. a feeling; twinge of ~
  5. ~ for, over (he displayed no ~ for his crimes)
remote
 adj. ~ from
removal
 n. 1. snow ~
  2. (BE) furniture ~
  3. ~ from
remove
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from; to (to ~ a patient from a respirator)
removed
 adj. 1. easily ~
  2. once; twice ~ (a first cousin once ~)
remover
 n. (a) nail-polish (AE), nail-varnish (BE); paint; spot ~
remunerate
 v. (formal) (D; tr.) to ~ for
remuneration
 n. 1. to offer ~
  2. to accept ~
  3. ~ for
rend
 v. (D; tr.) ('to tear') to ~ into (to  ~  one's clothes into
 shreds)
render
 v. 1. (A) she ~ed a valuable service to me; or; she ~ed me a
 valuable service
  2. (formal) (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ a text into English)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) her remark ~ed me speechless
rendezvous
 n. 1. to have; make a ~ with
  2. a secret
rendition
 n. 1. to give a ~
  2. a letter-perfect (AE), word-perfect (BE) ~
renege
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on a commitment)
renewal
 n. urban ~
renounce
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ wealth for happiness)
renovations
 n. to make ~
renown
 n. (formal) 1. to achieve, attain ~
  2. great, wide ~
  3. of ~ (an artist of great ~)
renowned
 adj. ~ as; for (~ as a pianist; ~ for one's inventions)
rent
 I n. 1. to pay ~ for
  2. to raise the ~
  3. (AE) for ~ (the house is for ~) (BE has the house is to let)
  4. (misc.) ~ control
 II v. 1. (esp. AE) (A) she ~ed a room to me; or: she ~ed me a
 room
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ a house from smb.)
  3. (esp. AE) (d; intr.) to ~ to (she ~s to students)
rental
 n. 1. car; film; office ~
  2. ~ to
rent out
 v. (esp. AE) (B) to ~ rooms to students (see also let out)
reorganization
 n. to undergo ~
repair
 I n. ['process of restoring to working order'] 1. to do, make a
 ~ (we have done the necessary ~s)
  2. extensive, major; minor; necessary ~s
  3. ~s to (the ~s to our roof cost one hundred dollars)
  4. under ~ (the road is under ~) ['condition']
  5. in ~ (to keep a car in good ~; in poor~)
 II v. (formal or humorous) (d; intr.) ('to go') to ~ to (to ~ to
 the drawing room)
reparations
 n. 1. to pay ~
  2. war ~
  3. ~ for
repartee
 n. witty ~
repast
 n. a light, meager ~
repatriate
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from; to
repatriation
 n. 1. forced ~
  2. ~ from; to
repay
 v. 1. (A) she repaid the money to me; or: she repaid me the money
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ for (I repaid him for his expenses)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ one's debt to society)
repeat
 v. 1. (B) she ~ed her story to us
  2. (D; intr.) ('to cause an unpleasant aftertaste') to ~ on
 (this type of food ~s on me)
  3. (L; to) he ~ed (to me) that he would buy some stamps
  4. (misc.) ~ after me
repellent
 I adj. ~ to
 II n. an insect, mosquito ~
repent
 v. 1. to ~ sincerely
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ of (to ~ of one's sins)
  3. (rare) (G) he ~ed having stolen the car
repentance
 n. 1. to show ~ for
  2. genuine, sincere
repercussions
 n. 1. to have ~ on
  2. far-reaching ~
repertory
 n. in ~ (to play in ~)
replace
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ by, with
replacement
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. to get, receive a ~ for
  3. (misc.) the ~ of smt. by smt. else
replay
 n. action (BE), instant (AE) ~
replenish
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ with
replete
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ with
reply
 I n. 1. to give, make; send a ~
  2. to draw, elicit a ~
  3. a curt, gruff; immediate, prompt; stinging; succinct; sullen;
 terse; witty  ~
  4. in ~ (to nod in ~)
  5. in ~ to (in ~ to your letter)
 II v. 1. to ~ immediately, promptly
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ to (she did not ~ to my letter)
  3. (L) she replied that she would be happy to accept our
 invitation
report
 I n. 1. to file, give, make, present, submit a ~
  2. to draw up, make out, write, write out, write up a ~
  3. to confirm a ~
  4. an accurate; biased, slanted; confirmed; detailed,
 exhaustive; favorable, positive; firsthand; negative,
 unfavorable; objective; unconfirmed ~
  5. an annual; daily; incident; interim; majority; minority;
 monthly; morning; newspaper; oral; status; traffic; weather;
 weekly; written ~
  6. a classified; confidential; restricted; secret; top secret ~
  7. a school ~ (BE; AE has report card)
  8. a ~ about, on; to (she filed a ~ about the incident; the
 annual ~ to stockholders)
  9. a ~ that + clause (we have heard ~s that the road is closed)
 II v. 1. (B) ('to relate') we ~ed the information to the
 authorities
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ about, on ('to describe') (the correspondent
 ~ed on the situation at the front)
  3. (D; intr.) ('to present oneself) to ~ for; to (to ~ to
 headquarters for duty)
  4. (D; tr.) ('to inform on') to ~ for; to (to ~ smb. to the
 police for violating an ordinance)
  5. (pol.) (AE) (d; tr.) to ~ out of ('to return smt. for further
 action') (to ~ a bill out of committee)
  6. (D; intr.) to ~ to ('to answer to') (she ~s directly to the
 dean)
  7. (G) ('to make known') several people ~ed having seen the
 stolen car
  8. (K) ('to make known') smb. ~ed their leaving early
  9. (L; to) ('to relate') she ~ed (to us) that she had
 accomplished her mission
  10. (M) ('to describe') the fire was ~ed to be burning out of
 control
  11. (N; used with an adjective, past participle) ('to describe')
 the patrol ~ed the entire area clear/ cleared; he was ~ed
 missing in action
  12. (Q) ('to describe') they ~ed how the incident took place
  13. (esp. BE) (s) to ~ sick
report back
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (you will ~ to the chairperson of the
 committee)
reported
 adj. (cannot stand alone) 1. ~ to + inf. (they were ~ to be safe)
  2. ~ that +  clause (it was ~ed that they were safe)
reporter
 n. a court; cub; financial; investigative; news; police; roving;
 science; society; sports; TV
report in
 v. (AE) (s) to ~ sick
repose
 n. in (a state of) ~
represent
 v. 1. ('to depict') to ~ graphically
  2. (B) ('to be the equivalent of) this room ~ed home to them
  3. (esp. BE) (B) ('to convey') to ~ one's grievances to the
 authorities
  4. (d; tr.) ('to depict') to ~ as (she was ~ed as a hero)
representation
 n. ['statement'] ['protest'] 1. to make ~s to (our ambassador
 made ~s to their government) ['act of representing']
  2. proportional ~
representative
 I adj. ~ of
 II n. 1. a sales ~ (BE also has commercial traveller)
  2. an elected ~
repression
 n. (to live) under ~
repressive
 adj. ~ of
reprieve
 n. 1. to give, grant a ~
  2. to get, receive a ~
  3. a ~ from
reprimand
 I n. 1. to administer, issue a ~ (the judge issued a ~ from the
 bench)
  2. to receive a ~
  3. a mild; severe, sharp, stern ~
  4. an oral; written
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ an employee for being late)
reprint
 n. to issue a ~ (of a book)
reprisal
 n. 1. to carry out ~s
  2. a harsh ~
  3. a ~ against, on
  4. in ~ for
  5. (misc.) by way of ~
reproach
 I n. 1. a term of ~
  2. above, beyond ~
 II v. (D;refl.,tr.)to~for
reproduce
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ a photograph from an old negative)
reproduction
 n. ['copy'] 1. (a) high-fidelity; stereophonic ~ ['biological
 process of reproducing']
  2. animal; human; plant ~
reprove
 v. (formal) (D; tr.) to ~ for
reptile
 n. ~s crawl, creep, slither
republic
 n. 1. to establish a ~
  2. an autonomous; banana (obsol.); democratic; people's ~
Republican
 n. (US) a registered ~
repugnance
 n. 1. to feel ~
  2. (a) deep, profound ~
repugnant
 adj. ~ to
repulsive
 adj. ~ to
reputation
 n. 1. to acquire, establish a ~
  2. to have, hold a ~ (he had the ~ of being a heavy drinker)
  3. to guard, protect one's ~
  4. to compromise, destroy, ruin, tarnish smb.'s ~
  5. an enviable, excellent, fine, good, impeccable, spotless,
 unblemished, unsullied, untarnished ~
  6. a tainted, tarnished, unenviable ~
  7. an international, worldwide; local; national ~
  8. a ~ as, for (that judge has a ~ for being fair)
  9. by ~ (to know smb. by ~)
  10. (misc.) to live up to one's ~; to stake one's ~ on smt.
repute
 n. ill, low ~ (a place of ill ~; to be held in low ~ )
reputed
 adj. (cannot stand alone) 1. generally, widely ~
  2. ~ to + inf. (she is ~ to be very generous)
request
 I n. 1. to file, make, submit a ~ (to file a ~ with the
 appropriate authorities; she has a ~ to make of us; to submit a
 ~ to the mayor's office)
  2. to act on; honor a ~
  3. to deny, reject a ~
  4. a desperate, urgent; moderate, modest; reasonable;
 unreasonable ~
  5. a formal; informal; oral; unofficial; written ~
  6. a ~ for (to make a ~ for more money)
  7. a ~ to + inf. (a ~ to be allowed to leave)
  8. a ~ that + clause; subj. (we submitted a ~ that more lights
 be/should be installed on our street)
  9. at smb.'s ~ (she did it at my ~)
  10. by, on, upon ~ (brochures are mailed out on ~)
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ from; of (to ~ a favor of smb.)
  2. (rare) (H) to ~ smb. to do smt.
  3. (L; subj.) she ~ed that I be/should be there
require
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ from, of (she ~s a term paper of each
 student)
  2. (esp. BE) (G) the house ~s painting
  3. (H) we ~ all incoming students to take placement
 examinations
  4. (K) this position ~s your getting here on time every day
  5. (L; subj.) she ~d that everyone attend/should attend the
 meeting
requirement
 n. 1. to establish, set ~s
  2. to fill, fulfill, meet, satisfy a ~
  3. to waive a ~
  4. admission, entrance; distributional (AE); legal; minimum;
 physical ~s
  5. a ~ that + clause; subj. (this candidate does not meet the ~
 that secondary school be/should be completed)
requisite
 n. a ~ for
requisition
 I n. 1. to make out, send in, submit a ~
  2. to fill a ~
  3. a ~ for
  4. on ~ (that item is on ~)
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ for
rerun
 n. to show a ~ (that channel keeps showing ~s of old TV programs)
rescue
 I n. 1. to attempt; effect, make, mount a ~
  2. a daring, heroic ~
  3. a ~ from
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
research
 n. 1. to conduct, do, pursue ~
  2. detailed, laborious, painstaking, solid, thorough;
 independent; original ~
  3. animal; market; medical; operations; scientific; space ~
  4. ~ in, into, on (~ on the development of an electric engine)
researcher
 n. an independent ~
resemblance
 n. 1. to bear a ~ to
  2. a close, strong; remote; striking ~
  3. a family ~
  4. a ~ between; to
resemble
 v. to ~ closely
resent
 v. 1. to ~ bitterly, strongly
  2. (G) she ~s having to wait
  3. (J) we ~ him being the center of attraction
  4. (K) we ~ed his being the center of attraction
resentful
 adj. 1. bitterly ~
  2. ~ about, at, of
resentment
 n. 1. to arouse, stir up ~
  2. to bear, feel, harbor ~
  3. to express, voice ~
  4. bitter, deep, profound, sullen ~
  5. ~ about; against; at, towards
  6. ~ that + clause (they felt ~ that nobody paid attention to
 their request)
reservation
 n. ['booking'] 1. to make a ~ (we made a ~ at a very good
 hotel)
  2. to confirm a ~
  3. to cancel a ~
  4. an advance; hotel, motel ~ ['qualification']
  5. a mental ~
  6. without ~ ['tract of land']
  7. an Indian; military ~
reservations
 n. ['doubts'] 1. to have ~
  2. deep, strong ~
  3. ~ about (do you have any ~ about the agreement?)
reserve
 I n. ['restraint, coolness'] 1. to display, show ~
  2. to break down smb.'s ~ ['limitation, restriction']
  3. without ~ (to accept a proposal without ~) ['availability']
  4. in ~ (to hold/keep smt. in ~) ['tract of land']
  5. a nature ~ ['military force kept available for future use']
  6. the active; inactive ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to set aside') to ~ for (these seats are ~d
 for the handicapped)
  2. (esp. AE) (D; tr.) ('to order in advance') to ~ for (we have
 ~d a room for you) (BE usu. has to book)
reserved
 adj. ['restrained, reticent'] 1. ~ about
  2. ~ towards, with
reserves
 n. ['forces kept available for future use'] (usu. mil. and
 sports) 1. to call out, call up the ~
  2. to commit one's ~
  3. limited; limitless ~
reservoir
 n. an artificial; natural ~
reside
 v. (P; intr.) they ~ in London
residence
 n. ['home, abode'] 1. to establish, take up ~
  2. to change one's (place of) ~
  3. one's legal; permanent ~ ['state of being officially
 present']
  4. in ~ (a poet in ~)
resign
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ from (she ~ed from her job)
  2. (d; refl.) to ~ to (he ~ed himself to his fate)
resignation
 n. ['act of resigning'] 1. to hand in, offer, submit, tender;
 withdraw one's ~
  2. to accept; reject smb.'s ~
  3. a ~ from ['acceptance, submission']
  4. ~ to (one's fate)
resigned
 adj. ['submissive'] ~ to (~ to one's fate)
resist
 v. (G) they couldn't ~ making fun of him
resistance
 n. 1. to offer, put up ~
  2. to break down, crush, overcome, overpower, put down, smash,
 wear down ~
  3. determined, fierce, stiff, strong, stubborn, valiant ~
  4. armed; non ~ violent, passive; spotty; weak ~
  5. ~ to (~ to a disease)
resistant
 adj. ~ to (~ to change)
resolute
 adj. ~ in (~ in one's decision to do smt.)
resolution
 n. ['decision'] 1. to propose a ~
  2. to adopt, pass a ~
  3. a joint ~ (of Congress)
  4. a ~ to + inf. (they adopted a ~ to increase membership dues)
  5. a ~ that + clause; subj. (a ~ was passed that aid to farmers
 be/should be increased) ['vow']
  6. to make a (New Year's) ~ ['resolve']
  7. firm ~ ['fine detail'] (optics)
  8. sharp ~
resolve
 I n. 1. to display, show ~
  2. to strengthen one's ~
  3. (a) firm ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ an issue into several component
 parts)
  2. (E) she ~d to work harder
  3. (L) we ~d that we would resist to the end
resolved
 adj. (usu. does not stand alone) 1. firmly ~
  2. ~ to + inf. (we are ~ to finish the work on time)
  3. (formal) ~ that + clause; subj. (be it ~ that an official
 delegation be/should be sent)
resort
 I n. ['recourse'] 1. (formal) to have ~ to
  2. a last ~ (as a last ~) ['recreational center']
  3. a health; holiday, vacation (esp. AE); summer;
 winter ~
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to trickery)
resources
 n. 1. to develop; exploit, tap ~
  2. to husband; marshal!; pool, share one's ~
  3. economic; natural; untapped ~ (to exploit natural ~)
  4. the ~ to + inf. (we have the ~ to do the job)
respect
 I n. ['esteem'] 1. to pay, show ~ to
  2. to command, inspire ~ (she commands ~ from everyone = she
 commands everyone's ~)
  3. to earn, win; lose smb.'s ~
  4. deep, profound, sincere; due; grudging; mutual ~
  5. ~ for (~ for the law)
  6. out of ~ (she did it out of ~ for her parents)
  7. in ~ (to hold smb. in ~)
  8. with ~ (with all due ~, I disagree) ['regard']
  9. in a ~ (in this ~; in all ~s)
  10. in, with ~ to
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ as (to ~ smb. as a scholar)
respectful
 adj. ~ of, to (~ of one's elders)
respects
 n. to pay; send one's ~
respiration
 n. artificial; labored; normal ~ (to give smb. artificial ~)
respite
 n. 1. to allow, give ~ (we allowed them no ~)
  2. a brief, temporary ~
  3. a ~ from (there was no ~ from the cold)
  4. without ~
respond
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to react') to ~ by (they ~ed by walking out)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ to ('to answer') to ~ to a letter
  3. (D; intr.) ('to react') to ~ to (to ~ to treatment)
response
 n. 1. to elicit, evoke a ~
  2. to give a ~
  3. a glib; sullen; witty ~
  4. a lukewarm ~
  5. a ~ to
  6. in ~ to
responsibility
 n. ['accountability'] ['obligation'] 1. to accept, assume,
 shoulder, take, take on (a) ~
  2. to bear, exercise; share (the) ~
  3. to dodge, evade, shirk ~
  4. an awesome; clear; grave, great, heavy, terrible (colloq.) ~
  5. collective; personal ~
  6. the ultimate ~
  7. ~ lies with smb.
  8. ~ for (to bear the ~ for the smooth operation of the assembly
 line)
  9. the ~ to + inf. (everyone has the ~ to pay taxes)
  10. ~ that + clause; subj. (it was her ~ that all members
 be/should be notified)
  11. on one's ~ (she did it on her own ~) ['blame']
  12. to lay the ~ at smb.'s door
  13. to admit, claim ~ (a shadowy group claimed ~ for the
 hijacking)
  14. to disclaim ~
  15. ~ for
responsible
 adj. ~ for; to (politicians are ~ to the voters; people are ~ for
 their actions)
responsive
 adj. ~ to (~ to flattery)
responsiveness
 n. ~ to
rest
 I n. ['repose'] 1. to have, take a ~
  2. a well ~  earned ~
  3. bed; complete ~
  4. ~ from
  5. at ~
  6. (misc.) to go to one's eternal ~ ('to die'); laid to ~
 ('buried'); at parade ~ (mil.); to set one's mind at ~
 ['support']
  7. an armrest; chin ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to stand') to ~ on (the statue ~s on a
 pedestal)
  2. (d; intr.) ('to depend') to ~ with (the decision ~s with the
 court)
restaurant
 n. 1. to manage, operate, run a ~
  2. an elegant, first ~ class ~
  3. a dairy; fast ~ food ~
  4. (BE) a licensed ~ (that may sell alcoholic drinks)
restful
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ just to sit and read = it's ~ just
 sitting and reading)
restitution
 n. 1. to make; offer ~
  2. ~ for
  3. ~ to
restore
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to her/his former position)
restrain
 v. (D; refl., tr.) to ~ from (to ~ smb. from committing violence)
restraint
 n. ['control'] ['act of restraining'] 1. to display,
 exercise, show ~
  2. to cast off, fling off, shake off (all) ~
  3. (legal) prior ~
  4. ~ in (they showed ~ in responding to the provocation)
  5. in ~ of (in ~ of trade) ['device for restraining']
  6. to apply, put on ~s
restrict
 v. (D; refl., tr.) to ~ to (the chair ~ed discussion to items on
 the official agenda; she ~ed herself to two meals a day)
restriction
 n. 1. to impose, place, put ~s on
  2. to lift a ~
  3. ~s on
result
 I n. 1. to achieve, produce ~s
  2. to evaluate, measure; tabulate ~s
  3. to negate, nullify, undo a ~
  4. a direct; final; lasting; logical; negative; net; positive;
 striking; surprising ~
  5. overall; surefire ~s
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ from (her death ~ed from an overdose of
 pills)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ in (the argument ~ed in a fight)
resume
 v. (G) she ~d working
resurrect
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ smb. from the dead)
resuscitation
 n. 1. to give ~ (the victim was given mouth-to-mouth ~)
  2. cardiopulmonary (= CPR); mouth-to-mouth ~
retail
 I adv. to buy; sell ~
 II v. to ~ for (it ~s for fifty dollars)
retainer
 n. ['advance fee'] to put down a ~
retaliate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ against; for (to ~ against the enemy for
 shelling civilian targets)
retaliation
 n. 1. massive ~
  2. an act of ~
  3. in ~ for
retardant
 n. a fire; rust ~
retardation
 n. mental ~
retarded
 adj. mentally ~
retell
 v. (usu. B; occ. A) she has retold the story to us many times
reticence
 n. 1. to display ~
  2. ~ about
reticent
 adj. ~ about
retina
 n. a detached ~
retire
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to end one's working career') to ~ from (to ~
 from one's job)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to withdraw') to ~ to (the troops ~d to safer
 positions; let's ~ to the drawing room)
retirement
 n. 1. to go into ~
  2. to come out of ~
  3. compulsory, forced; early ~; semi ~ retirement; voluntary ~
  4. in ~ (to live in~)
retool
 v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (to ~ for wartime production)
  2. (H) to ~ a plant to build prefabricated houses
retort
 I n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ to
 II v. (L) he ~ed heatedly that he needed no favors
retraction
 n. to issue a ~
retreat
 I n. ['withdrawal'] 1. to beat, carry out, make a ~ (they made
 good their ~; the regiment carried out its ~ in good order)
  2. a hasty, precipitate ~
  3. full ~ (in full ~)
  4. a strategic; tactical ~ ['signal for withdrawal']
  5. to sound ~ ['music for a flag-lowering ceremony'] (mil.)
  6. to play, sound ~ ['secluded gathering']
  7. to go on (a) ~
  8. a religious; weekend ~ ['secluded spot']
  9. a country ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ from; to (our troops ~ed from the border to
 safer positions; our government has ~ed from its hard-line
 position)
retribution
 n. 1. to exact ~ from; to visit ~ on
  2. divine ~
retrieval
 n. data, information ~
retrieve
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ data from a computer)
retroactive
 adj.. ~ to
retrorocket
 n. to activate, fire a ~
retrospect
 n. in ~
retrospection
 n. in ~
return
 I n. ['statement about income'] 1. to file a (tax) ~
  2. a joint; tax ~ ['going back, coming back']
  3. a ~ from; to (his ~ to civilian life)
  4. on smb.'s ~ (on their ~ from a trip abroad)
  5. the point of no ~ ['profit']
  6. to yield a ~ (this investment will yield a ~ of ten percent)
 ['compensation']
  7. in ~ (to give smt. in ~)
  8. in ~ for
 II v. l.(B)she~edthemoneytome2.(D;intr., tr.) to ~ from; to (to ~
 from a holiday/vacation; she ~ed to her home; to ~ books to the
 library)
returns
 n. ['election results'] 1. early; election; final; late ~
 ['misc.']
  2. many happy ~ of the day ('happy birthday')
reunion
 n. 1. to hold a ~
  2. a touching ~
  3. an annual; class; family ~
reunite
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ with (to ~ smb. with her/ his family)
reveal
 v. 1. (B) she ~ed the secret to us
  2. (L; to) he ~ed (to us) that he had been ill for years
  3. (M) the document ~ed her to be a conscientious employee
reveille
 n. (mil.) 1. to play, sound ~
  2. to fall out for ~
revel
 v. (D;intr.)to~in
revelation
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. an amazing, astonishing, astounding, startling, stunning,
 surprising ~
  3. (a) divine ~
  4. a ~ to (the story was a ~ to us)
  5. a ~ that + clause (the ~ that she had been in prison
 surprised everybody)
revenge
 I n. 1. to exact, get, have, take ~ on
  2. sweet ~
  3. ~ for; on (to take ~ on smb. for smt.)
  4. in ~ for
 II (BE) see avenge
revenue
 n. ['income'] 1. to generate, produce, yield ~
  2. to collect ~
  3. government ~
  4. Inland (BE), Internal (AE) Revenue
  5. one's annual, yearly; monthly; weekly ~
reverberate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ through (the cheers ~d through the arena)
revere
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ for
reverence
 n. 1. to feel ~
  2. to show ~
  3. deep, profound ~
  4. ~ for
  5. in ~ (to hold smb. in ~)
reverie
 n. 1. to indulge in ~s
  2. to be lost in ~
reverse
 n. ['setback'] 1. to suffer, sustain a ~
  2. a serious; slight; tactical ~
  3. financial ~s ['reverse gear']
  4. to put a transmission into ~
  5. to go into, shift into ~
  6. in ~ ['reversing mechanism']
  7. an (automatic) ribbon ~ (on a typewriter)
reversion
 n. ~ to
revert
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (her property ~ed to the state; to ~ to
 enlisted status)
review
 I n. ['renewed study'] (AE) 1. to do a ~
  2. a comprehensive ~ ['military ceremony']
  3. to hold a ~ (of troops)
  4. to pass in ~ ['critical evaluation']
  5. to do, write a ~ (of a book)
  6. to get, receive a ~
  7. a favorable, positive, rave; negative, unfavorable ~ (the
 play got rave ~s)
  8. a book ~
  9. (legal) judicial ~
  10. under ~ (the entire matter is under ~)
 II v. (AE) (D; intr., tr.) ('to study again') to ~ for (to ~ for
 an exam)
revise
  (BE) see review II
revision
 n. ['renewed study'] (BE) 1. to do ~ (he had to do some ~ for
 the examination) ['revised version']
  2. to make a ~
revolt
 I n. 1. to incite, stir up a ~
  2. to crush, put down, quash, quell a ~
  3. a peasant ~
  4. a ~ breaks out, erupts
  5. a ~ against
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ against, at
revolting
 adj. 1. ~ to
  2. ~ to + int. (it's ~ to contemplate such a possibility)
  3. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that they use such obscene language)
revolution
 n. ['overthrow of a regime'] 1. to foment, stir up a ~
  2. to carry out, conduct, fight; organize a ~
  3. to crush, defeat, put down a ~
  4. a cultural; industrial; palace; political; sexual; social ~
 ['complete orbital turn']
  5. to make a ~
  6. a ~ about, around, round
revolve
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, around, round (the earth ~s around the
 sun)
revolver
 see pistol 1-4,6
revue
 n. to produce, put on, stage a ~
revulsion
 n. 1. to express; feel ~
  2. deep, utmost ~
  3. a feeling of ~
  4. ~ against, at, towards
reward
 I n. 1. to offer, post; pay a ~
  2. to claim; reap; receive a ~
  3. a just; tangible; well-deserved ~
  4. a ~ for
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ for; with (she was ~ed with a bonus for her
 outstanding work)
rhapsody
 n. to compose; play a ~
rhetoric
 n. 1. to resort to, spout ~
  2. eloquent; impassioned, passionate; soothing ~
rheumatism
 n. 1. to develop ~
  2. to suffer from ~
  3. chronic ~
rhubarb
 n. (slang) ['argument'] 1. to get into a ~
  2. a ~ about
rhyme
 I n. 1. a nursery ~
  2. (poetry) a feminine; masculine ~
  3. (misc.) without ~ or reason ('with no apparent reason')
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to  ~ with (this word ~s with that word; to
 ~ one word with another)
rhythm
 n. 1. (a) frenzied; pulsating; steady; undulating ~
  2. to a ~ (to dance to the ~ of drums)
rib
 n. 1. to poke smb. in the ~s
  2. a false; floating ~
  3. (misc.) to break, fracture a ~
ribbing
 n. ['teasing'] to take a ~
ribbon
 n. ['strip of ink-impregnated cloth on a typewriter'] 1. to
 change a ~
  2. a typewriter ~
  3. the ~ reverses (automatically) ['misc.']
  4. a blue ~ ('a first prize'); to cut to ~s ('to destroy
 completely')
rice
 n. 1. to mill, winnow ~
  2. brown; enriched; polished; quick-cooking; wild ~
rich
 I adj. ~ in (~ in coal deposits)
 II n. the idle ~
riches
 n. to amass ~
ricksha, rickshaw
 n. 1. to pedal; pull a ~
  2. to ride in a~
ricochet
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ off
rid
 II v. 1. (d; refl., tr.) to ~ of (to ~ the town of rats)
  2. to get ~ of
riddance
 n. (colloq.) ['act of getting rid of smt.'] good ~! (good ~ to
 bad rubbish!)
riddle
 n. 1. to solve a ~
  2. (misc.) to speak in ~s
ride
 I n. ['short trip by vehicle, on horseback'] 1. to catch, get;
 go for, go on, have (BE), take a ~
  2. (colloq.) to bum, hitch, thumb a ~ (as a hitch-hiker)
  3. to give (smb.) a ~; to take (smb.) for a ~
  4. a joy; train ~ (to go on a joy ~ in a stolen car)
 ['attraction'] (in an amusement park)
  5. to go on the ~s ['misc.']
  6. to take smb. for a ~ ('to victimize smb.')
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ at (the ship was ~ing at anchor)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ by, in, on (to ~ in/on a bus)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ from; to (we ~ to work by bus)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to be wagered on') (a lot of money was
 ~ing on one horse)
  5. (misc.) to ~ sidesaddle; to ~ roughshod over smb. ('to treat
 smb. in an abusive manner')
ride out
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (he rode out to the procession)
rider
 n. ['amendment, addition'] to attach a ~ to (a bill)
ridicule
 n. 1. draw, incur ~
  2. to heap, pour ~ on smb.
  3. (misc.) to hold smb. up to ~
ridiculous
 adj. 1. ~ to + int. (it's ~ to apply for that position)
  2. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that they could not receive visas)
rife
 adj. ['abounding in'] 1. (cannot stand alone) ~ with (the city
 was ~ with rumors) ['misc.']
  2. to run ~ ('to be out of control') (rumors about them are
 running ~)
rifle
 I n. 1. to fire a ~
  2. to aim, point; level a ~
  3. to load a ~
  4. to handle, operate a ~
  5. to assemble; disassemble a ~
  6. an air; automatic; high-powered; hunting; recoilless;
 semiautomatic ~
  7. a ~ fires, goes off; jams; misfires
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ through ('to search') to ~ through the
 drawers)
rift
 n. 1. to cause a ~
  2. to heal a ~
  3. an ideological ~
  4. a ~ among, between
rig
 n. ['large vehicle'] 1. to drive a ~ ['equipment']
  2. an oil-drilling ~
right
 I adj. 1. ~ about (to be ~ about smt.)
  2. ~ in (you were ~ in assuming that)
  3. ~ to + int. (it was ~ of her to refuse = she was ~ to refuse)
  4. ~  that + clause (it's not ~ that they should be treated in
 that manner)
  5. (misc.) all ~; just ~; she is the ~ person for the job = she
 is ~ for the job (colloq.); to be in one's ~ mind ('to be
 sane'); to put things ~ ('to straighten things out')
 II n. ['that which is due'] 1. to achieve, gain a ~ (to achieve
 full civil ~s)
  2. to enjoy, exercise, have a ~
  3. to assert, claim a ~
  4. to protect, safeguard smb.'s ~s
  5. to abdicate, relinquish, renounce, sign away, waive a ~
  6. to deny (smb.) a ~
  7. a divine; exclusive, sole; inalienable; inherent; legal;
 natural; vested ~
  8. civil; conjugal; consumers'; film; grazing; human;
 individual; mineral; patients'; political; property; squatters';
 states'; veterans'; voting; women's ~s
  9. the ~ of assembly; asylum; a free press; free speech
  10. a ~ to (the ~ to privacy)
  11. the ~ to + inf. (the ~ to exist; you have the ~ to remain
 silent)
  12. within one's ~s
  13. (misc.) a bill of ~s ['right side']
  14. on, to the ~ ['conservative group']
  15. the extreme, far ~ ['punch delivered with the right hand']
  16. to deliver, throw a ~
  17. a hard, stiff ~
  18. a ~ to (a ~ to the jaw) ['turn to the right']
  19. to take a ~ ['misc.']
  20. in the ~ ('in accordance with the truth, accepted
 standards'); she has a promising career in her own ~; as of
 (BE), by ~ ('properly'); by ~ of (by ~ of conquest); ~ and
 wrong; within one's ~s (you are within your ~s not to answer);
 by ~s ('ideally')
right-of-way
 n. 1. to have the ~
  2. to give, yield the ~
  3. the ~ over (ambulances have the  ~  over other vehicles)
rigid
 adj. ~ about, on (~ on points of procedure)
rigor mortis
 n. ~ sets in
rile
 v. (R) it ~d me that they were paying no taxes
filed
 adj. (colloq.) ['annoyed'] 1. ~ at
  2. ~ that + clause (she was ~ that nobody believed her story)
rim
 n. along; on; up to a ~ (on the ~ of a crater)
rind
 n. lemon; melon ~ USAGE NOTE: One usu. speaks of the rind of a
 melon, the pee/ or the rind of a lemon, and the pee/ of an
 orange.
ring
 I n. ['circular band'] 1. a diamond; gold; sapphire ~
  2. an earring; engagement; signet; wedding ~
  3. a key; napkin; teething ~
  4. a piston ~
  5. smoke ~s (to blow smoke ~s)
  6. (misc.) to wear a ~ on one's finger ['group']
  7. a smuggling; spy ~ ['enclosed square area']
  8. the prize ~ ['misc.']
  9. to run ~s around smb. ('to far outperform smb.')
 II n. ['sound'] a false, hollow ~ (there was a false ~ to his
 words)
 III v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ for ('to call by ringing') (to ~ for the
 maid)
  2. (s) to ~ false; hollow (her words ~ false)
ringside
 n. at ~
ring up
 v. (D; tr.) ('to record') to ~ on (to ~ a bill on a cash
 register)
rink
 n. 1. an ice-hockey; ice-skating; roller-skating ~
  2. at a ~
riot
 n. 1. to cause, foment, incite, instigate, spark (AE), spark off
 (BE), stir up, touch off a ~
  2. to crush, put down, quell a ~
  3. a communal; food; race ~
  4. a ~ breaks out, erupts
  5. (misc.) to run ~ ('to act wildly')
riot act
 n. ['stern warning'] to read the ~ to
rioting
 n. communal ~
rip
 v. (colloq.)(d;intr.) to ~ into ('to attack') (the politician
 ~ped into her opponent)
ripe
 adj. ~ for (~ for the picking; the time is ~ for action)
ripen
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ into (their friendship ~ed into love)
ripple
 v. (P; intr.) applause ~d through the auditorium
rise
 I n. ['origin'] 1. to give ~ to ['angry reaction']
  2. to get a ~ out of smb. ['pay increase'] (BE)
  3. an across-the-board ~
  4. a ~ in (wages) (AE has raise) ['increase']
  5. a sharp ~
  6. a ~ in (a ~ in prices)
  7. on the ~ (prices are on the ~) ['success']
  8. a meteoric ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to revolt') to ~ against (to ~ against
 tyranny)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to ascend') to ~ from (smoke rose from the
 chimney)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to be resurrected') to ~ from (to ~ from the
 dead; to ~ from the ashes)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to ascend') to ~ to (to ~ to the surface; to ~
 to one's feet)
  5. (d; intr.) ('to be equal') to ~ to (to ~ to the challenge;
 can you ~ to the occasion?)
risk
 I n. 1. to assume, incur, run, take; face; spread a ~ (to run the
 ~ of being outvoted)
  2. to outweigh a ~ (the advantages outweigh the ~s)
  3. a calculated; grave, great, high; low; security ~ (to take a
 calculated ~; he is a security ~)
  4. a ~ to (a ~ to safety)
  5. a ~ to + int. (it was a ~ to enter that area)
  6. at (a) ~ (at one's own ~; at the ~ of being ridiculed)
 II v. 1. (G) she ~ed losing everything
  2. (K) he ~ed their turning against him
risky
 adj. ~ to + int. (it's ~ to play with fire)
rite
 n. 1. to perform a ~
  2. a pagan; religious; solemn ~
  3. last ~s (to administer last ~s)
  4. fertility ~s
ritual
 n. 1. to go through; perform a ~
  2. to make a ~ of smt.
  3. a pagan; religious; solemn ~
rival
 I n. a ~ for; in
 II v. (D;tr.) to ~ in (to ~ smb. in skill)
rivalry
 n. 1. to stir up ~
  2. intense, keen, strong ~
  3. sibling ~
  4. ~ among, between; for; in; with (keen ~ between them for the
 award)
river
 n. 1. to cross; ford a ~
  2. to dredge a ~
  3. a ~ floods; flows (into the sea); overflows (its banks);
 recedes; rises
  4. down ~; up ~
  5. (misc.) to sell down the ~ ('to betray')
rivet
 n. to drive a ~ (into metal)
riveted
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ on, to (all eyes were ~ on the door;
 she stood ~ to the spot)
road
 n. 1. to resurface; surface a ~
  2. an impassable; rocky (also fig.); rough (also fig.); smooth
 (also fig.); straight; winding ~
  3. a back, country; dirt (AE), unpaved; macadam; main, trunk
 (BE); mountain; paved, surfaced; ring (BE); secondary; service;
 slip (BE); toll ~
  4. intersecting; merging ~s
  5. a ~ goes, leads, runs somewhere
  6. a ~ curves, winds
  7. a ~ from; to (the ~ to town)
  8. in, on a ~
  9. (also fig.) on the ~ (on the ~ to recovery)
  10. (misc.) to take a ~ (they took the wrong ~); one for the ~
 ('a final drink')
road block
 n. 1. to establish, set up a ~
  2. to remove a ~
  3. to break through, crash through, run a ~
roadhouse
 n. (AE) at a ~ (to stop at a ~ for a drink)
roadside
 n. on the ~
road sign
 n. to put up a ~
roadster
 n. (obsol.) to drive a ~
roadwork
 n. ['running'] to do ~ (the boxer did ~ every day)
roam
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ around town
roar
 I n. a deep ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with laughter)
roast
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a chuck; eye; lamb; pork; pot; rib; veal ~
rob
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ of (the bandits ~bed the passengers of their
 money)
robbery
 n. 1. to commit (a) ~
  2. armed; bank; daylight (BE) ('overcharging'); highway (fig.) ~
rock
 I n. ['stone'] 1. to throw a ~ at (see Usage Note)
  2. jagged; rugged ~s
  3. (misc.) solid as a ~ USAGE NOTE: In BE, a rock is usu. too
 big to be thrown. Thus, to throw a rock at smb. is esp. AE.
 II n. ['type of music'] punk ~;rock-and-roll
 III v. (D;tr.) ('to lull') to ~ to (to ~ a baby to sleep)
rocket
 n. ['device propelled by a rocket engine or explosives'] 1. to
 fire; launch a ~
  2. a booster; liquid-fuel; long-range; multistage; solid-fuel ~
 ['reprimand'] (colloq.) (BE)
  3. to give smb. a ~
  4. to get a ~
rocket ship
 see the Usage Note for ship
rocks
 n. 1. on the ~ ('with ice') (scotch on the ~)
  2. on the ~ ('ruined')
rod
 n. ['bar, shaft'] 1. a connecting; divining; lightning; piston
 ~; ramrod ['pistol'] (slang) (AE)
  2. to pack ('carry') a ~ ['metal track']
  3. a curtain; traverse ~ ['pole']
  4. a fishing ~ ['misc.']
  5. to ride the ~s (AE) ('to ride illegally in the framework
 below a railroad car')
rodent
 n. ~sgnaw
rodeo
 n. to hold, stage a ~
roe
 n. 1. to spawn ~
  2. hard; soft ~
role
 n. 1. to assume, take (on) a ~
  2. to assign, hand out ~s
  3. to interpret; perform, play; understudy a ~
  4. an active; key; leading; passive; secondary; starring;
 supporting; title ~
  5. (misc.) cast in the ~ of
roll
 I n. ['list of names'] 1. to call, take the ~
  2. an honor ~ (AE; BE has roll of honour) ['small cake or
 bread']
  3. to bake ~s
  4. a hamburger; jelly (AE), swiss (BE); kaiser (esp. AE);
 poppyseed; sweet ~
 II v. 1. (A) ~ the ball to me; or: ~ me the ball
  2. (C) ~ a cigarette for me; or: ~ me a cigarette
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ down (the children ~ed down the hill; we
 ~ed the barrels down the incline)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ in (to ~ in the mud)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ off (the football ~ed off the field; new cars
 ~ed off the assembly line)
  6. (d; intr.) to ~ with ('to lessen the impact by moving in the
 same direction') (he ~ed with the punch)
rollaway, rollaway bed
 n. to f old up; open up a ~
roll up
 v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ in (to ~ smt. up in a blanket)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smt. into a ball)
  3. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ to (the ball ~ed up to me)
romance
 n. 1. to find ~
  2. a whirlwind ~
romanticize
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about
romp
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with
roof
 n. 1. to install a ~
  2. a gabled; shingle; slate ~
  3. a ~ leaks
  4. (misc.) to raise the ~ ('to complain vociferously'); to hit
 the ~ (AE) ('to lose one's temper')
room
 n. ['partitioned part of a building'] 1. to rent a ~ from
  2. to let (BE), let out (BE), rent, rent out (AE) a ~ to
  3. to book (BE), reserve a ~
  4. an adjoining; back; baggage (AE); banquet ~; bathroom;
 bedroom; board; changing (BE), dressing; common (BE); dining;
 double; drawing, front (BE), living, sitting; family; game,
 recreation, rumpus (AE); guest; locker; lumber (BE), storage;
 reading ~; showroom; single; spare; utility; waiting ~
  5. (in a hospital) a delivery; emergency (AE); hospital;
 operating (esp. AE; BE prefers operating theatre); private;
 recovery; emiprivate ~
  6. a ladies', powder; men's (AE); rest (AE) ~; (BE; euphemism)
 the smallest ~ ('the room with the toilet')
  7. a furnished; rented ~; (a) ~ to let (now BE) ['space']
  8. to make ~ for
  9. to occupy, take up ~
  10. headroom; legroom
  11. (in a theater) standing ~ only
  12. ~ for (there is ~ for another bed)
  13. ~ to + int. (the children have ~ to play) ['possibility']
  14. ~ for (there is no ~ for doubt) USAGE NOTE: In the US, a
 bathroom usu. contains a toilet, sink, and bathtub or shower. In
 GB, it must contain a bath or shower and may have a toilet and
 washbasin. In CE, a cloakroom is a place in a public building
 where coats, umbrellas, etc. may be left temporarily. In GB, it
 can also denote a small room on the ground floor of a house near
 the front door; this room often contains a toilet and a place
 for hanging coats.
rooster
 n. (esp. AE) a ~ cock-a-doodle-doos, crows, goes cock-a-doodle-
 doo (BE has cock)
root
 I n. 1. to take ~
  2. to put down ~s; to strike ~(s)
  3. deep ~s
  4. (mathematics) a cube; square ~
  5. by the ~s (to pull smt. up by the ~s)
  6. (misc.) at the ~ of the matter; to go back to, search for
 one's ~s; to get at the ~ of smt. ('to tackle smt. at the
 source'); (BE) ~ and branch ('wholly'); the ~ of all evil; her
 ~s are in Canada; a ~ cause
 II v. (AE) (D; intr.) to ~ for ('to support') (to ~ for a team)
root about, root around
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for ('to search for') (to ~ in a stack of
 papers for a specific document)
rooted
 adj. 1. deeply ~
  2. ~ in (~ in poverty)
  3. ~ to (~ to the spot)
rooter
 n. (AE) an ardent ~
rope
 I n. 1. to jump, skip ~
  2. to ease up on; tighten a ~
  3. a loose, slack; tight ~
  4. a length; piece of ~
  5. by a ~ (to lower smt. by a ~)
  6. (misc.) (boxing and fig.) on the ~s ('in a weak, vulnerable
 position')
 II v. (colloq.) (d; tr.) to ~ into ('to induce') (to ~ smb. into
 doing smt.)
rosary
 n. to pray, recite, say the ~
rose
 n. 1. a long-stemmed; rambling; wild ~
  2. a bouquet of ~s
roster
 n. 1. to make up a ~
  2. a duty; personnel ~
rostrum
 n. 1. to get up on, mount the ~
  2. from; on a ~
rot
 n. 1. black; creeping; dry ~
  2. (misc.) to talk ~ ('to talk nonsense')
rotate
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (the earth ~s on its axis)
rotation
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. crop ~
rote
 n. ['repetition'] by ~ (to learn by ~)
rotten
 adj. (colloq.) ~ to+inf. (it was ~ of him to do that)
rouge
 n. to apply, put on  ~
rough
 I adj. (colloq.) ['not gentle'] 1. ~ on (you've been pretty ~
 on the children) ['difficult']
  2. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to work at night = it's ~ working at
 night)
  3. (misc.) it was ~ on him, losing his job like that
 II n. ['unpolished condition'] in the ~ (a diamond in the ~)
roughshod
 adv. to ride ~ over smb. ('to treat smb. in an inconsiderate
 manner')
roulette
 n. 1. to play ~
  2. Russian ~
round
 n. ['unit of ammunition'] 1. to fire a ~; to get a ~ off
  2. an incoming ~ (of artillery fire)
  3. the ~ jammed ['drinks served to everyone in a group']
  4. to buy; order a ~ (of drinks) ['complete game']
  5. to play, shoot a ~ (of golf) ['song sung in unison in which
 each part is repeated']
  6. to sing a ~
roundabout
 n. to ride a ~ (BE; CE has merry-go-round)
roundhouse
 n. ['type of blow'] to throw a ~
rounds
 n. to make one's ~ (the doctor was making her ~ )
rouse
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from, out of (to ~ smb. out of bed)
rouser
 n. a rabble ~
rout
 I n. a complete, utter ~
 II v. to ~ completely, utterly
route
 I n. 1. to map out, plan a ~
  2. to follow, take a ~
  3. a circuitous; devious; direct; indirect; scenic ~ (to take
 the scenic ~)
  4. a bus; newspaper; streetcar (AE), tram (BE); truck (AE) ~
  5. an overland; sea; trade ~
 II v. (d; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a memorandum to the appropriate
 persons)
routine
 n. (a) daily, ordinary; dull ~
row
 I /rou/ n. ['arrangement in a straight line'] 1. an even,
 straight ~
  2. in a ~ ['misc.']
  3. death ~ ('cell block where prisoners await execution') (on
 death ~); skid ~ (AE) ('area in a city where destitute persons
 congregate') (on skid ~)
 II /rau/ n. 1. to kick up, make, raise a ~
  2. to have a ~
  3. a ~ about, over; with (to have a ~ with smb. about a trifle)
 III /rau/ v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over; with
rowboat
 n. (AE) to row a ~
rowing
 n. 1. to go ~
  2. to go in for ~
rowing-boat
  (BE) see rowboat
row out
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to an island)
royalty
 n. ['percentage of revenue'] 1. to pay a ~/ ~ties on (the
 publisher paid them ~ties on their dictionaries)
  2. to bring in, earn ~ties (the book brings in handsome ~ties)
  3. author's ~ties
rub
 v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ against (one part was ~bing against
 the other; ~ your hand against this surface)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ lotion into one's skin)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) ~ it dry
rubber
 n. 1. crude; foam; sponge; synthetic ~
  2. ~ stretches (see the Usage Note for eraser)
rubbers
 n. (AE) ['rubber overshoes'] 1. to put on; wear ~
  2. a pair of ~
rubbish
 n. an accumulation, heap, pile of ~
rubble
 n. 1. a heap, pile of ~
  2. (misc.) to reduce smt. to ~
rubdown
 n. to give smb. a ~
Rubicon
 n. to cross the ~ ('to commit oneself irrevocably')
rub off
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ on, onto (the paint ~bed off on my shirt)
  2. (colloq.) (D; intr.) to ~ on, onto ('to affect') (we hoped
 that some of these cultural activities would ~ on our children)
rub up
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ against ('to touch') (don't let the wire ~
 against the pipe)
  2. (colloq.) (d; intr.) to ~ against ('to have contact with')
 (he used to ~ against many famous movie stars)
ruck
 n. (esp. BE) ['mass of undistinguished people'] 1. the common ~
  2. above; out of the ~
ruckus
 n. to raise a ~
rude
 adj. 1. ~ of (that was ~ of him)
  2. ~ to
  3. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to talk during a concert)
rudeness
 n. 1. to display, show ~
  2. ~ to
rug
 n. 1. to weave a ~
  2. to clean; shampoo; vacuum a ~
  3. a scatter, throw; shag ~
ruin
 I n. 1. complete, utter ~
  2. financial ~ (to face financial ~)
 II v. to ~ completely, utterly
ruins
 n. 1. ancient; charred, smoking ~
  2. a heap, pile of ~
  3. (misc.) to sift through the ~; to lie in ~
rule
 I n. ['regulation'] ['principle'] 1. to establish, lay down,
 make (the) ~s
  2. to formulate a ~
  3. to adopt a ~
  4. to apply, enforce a ~
  5. to obey, observe a ~
  6. to break, violate a ~
  7. to bend, stretch a ~
  8. to rescind, revoke a ~
  9. a firm, hard-and-fast, inflexible, strict ~
  10. a general; ground ~; the Golden Rule
  11. an exclusionary (AE); gag; parliamentary ~
  12. (ling.) a deletion; rewrite; substitution ~
  13. a ~ against
  14. a ~ for
  15. a ~ to + inf. (it's our ~ not to smoke at staff conferences)
  16. a ~ that + clause (they established a ~ that everyone must
 share the expenses)
  17. (to be) against, in violation of the ~s
  18. (misc.) the golden ~; a ~ of thumb; as a ~ ('generally');
 the ~ of law ['government, reign']
  19. to establish; extend one's ~
  20. to overthrow smb.'s ~
  21. benevolent; despotic; foreign; home; majority; minority;
 mob; popular ~
  22. ~ over
  23. under smb.'s ~ (under foreign ~) ['straightedge, ruler']
  24. a slide ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ against (the judge ~d against the
 plaintiff)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on a question)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ over (to ~ over a country)
  4. (L; subj.) the court ~d that the witness be/should be
 disqualified
  5. (M) the judge ~d her to be out of order
  6. (N; used with an adjective) the judge ~d him incompetent to
 stand trial
ruler
 n. ['person who rules'] 1. to put a ~ into power
  2. to overthrow, unseat a ~
  3. an absolute, despotic, dictatorial; strong; weak ~
ruling
 n. 1. to hand down (AE), make a ~ (the court handed down a ~)
  2. a fair, just; unfair, unjust ~
  3. a court ~
  4. a ~ about, on
  5. a ~ that + clause (the court's ~ that the company had
 violated the law was appealed)
rumblings
 n. ['rumors'] ~ about; of(~ of discontent were heard)
ruminate
 v. (D; intr.) ('to reflect') to ~ about, on
rummage
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ through (to ~ through old clothes)
rumor, rumour
 n. 1. to circulate, spread a ~
  2. to confirm a ~
  3. to deny; dispel, spike a ~
  4. an idle, unfounded, wild ~
  5. an unconfirmed; vague ~
  6. ~s circulate, fly, spread
  7. a ~ that + clause (we heard a ~ that she was back in town)
  8. a ~ about
  9. (misc.) ~ has it that she will be getting married soon
rumored
 adj. (cannot stand alone) 1. ~ to + inf. (he is ~ to have escaped
 to Canada)
  2. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that she has returned home)
rumpus
 n. (colloq.) to raise a ~
run
 I n. ['course'] 1. a ski ~ ['freedom of movement']
  2. to have free ~ of the house ['race']
  3. a cross-country ~; the mile ~ ['series of demands']
  4. a ~ on a bank ['running away']
  5. on the ~ ['trial']
  6. a dry, dummy (BE) ~ ['flight']
  7. to make a ~ (over a target)
  8. a bombing ~ ['point scored'] (baseball, cricket)
  9. to score a ~
  10. (baseball) a home ~ ['unraveled stitches in a stocking']
 (BE often has ladder)
  11. to get, have a ~ (in a stocking) ['duration']
  12. in the long; short ~
 II v. 1.(C) ('to fill') ~  a bath for me; or  ~ me a bath
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ across ('to meet by chance') (to ~ across an
 old friend)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ after ('to chase') (to ~ after a bus)
  4. (esp. AE) (d; intr.) to ~ against ('to oppose') (I would not
 like to ~ against her in the senatorial race; popular feeling
 was ~ning against the president)
  5. (d; intr.) ('to ply') to ~ between (this train ~s between New
 York and Philadelphia)
  6. (d; intr.) to ~ down ('to descend quickly'); ('to pour') (to
 ~ down the stairs; tears ran down her face)
  7. (esp. AE; BE has stand) (D; intr.) ('to be a candidate') to ~
 for (to ~ for office; to  ~ for Congress)
  8. (d; intr.) ('to extend') to ~ from; to (the sale will ~ from
 the first of the month to the tenth; the fence ~s from the house
 to the road)
  9. (d; intr.) to  ~  in ('to be present') (ability for languages
 ~s in their blood; talent ~s in the family)
  10. (d; intr.) to ~ into ('to meet') (to ~ into an old friend;
 to ~ into trouble)
  11. (d; intr.) to ~ into ('to hit') (he ran into a pole)
  12. (d; intr.) to ~ into ('to enter quickly') (to ~ into the
 house)
  13. (d; intr.) to ~ into ('to amount to') (the expenses will ~
 into thousands of dollars)
  14. (d; intr.) ('to move quickly') to ~ off (the car ran off the
 road)
  15. (d; tr.) ('to force') to ~ off (she ran the other car off
 the road)
  16. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ on ('to operate') (the engine ~s on
 diesel oil; they ran the business on borrowed money)
  17. (d; intr.) to ~ out of ('to use up') (she ran out of money)
  18. (d; intr.) to ~ out of ('to leave quickly') (to ~ out of the
 room)
  19. (d; intr.) ('to pass') to ~ through (a blue thread ~s
 through the cloth; a strange thought ran through her mind)
  20. (d; intr.) to ~ through ('to examine') (let's ~ through the
 material again)
  21. (d; tr.) to ~ through ('to process') (~ the data through the
 computer again)
  22. (d; intr.) ('to go quickly') to ~ to (she ran to the doctor)
  23. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to seek help from') (he keeps  ~ning to
 his mother; don't ~ to the police)
  24. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to amount') (the dictionary ~s to a
 thousand pages)
  25. (d; tr.) ('to drive') to ~ to (I'll  ~  you to the station)
  26. (d; intr.) to ~ up ('to ascend quickly') (to ~ up the
 stairs)
  27. (P; intr.) ('to go') the road ~s south
  28. (s) supplies are  ~ning low; the differences ~ deep
  29. (misc.) to ~ rampant ('to run wild'); (colloq.) ~ that by me
 again ('repeat that for me')
run afoul
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ of (to ~ of the law)
run aground
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (the boat ran aground on a sandbank)
runaround
 n. (colloq.) ['delaying action'] to give smb. the ~
run around
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (he ~s around with a fast crowd)
run away
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from home)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ with
run back
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (he ran back to his room)
run counter
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (their actions ~ to their promises)
rundown
 n. ['summary'] to give smb. a  ~
 v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to go') to  ~  to (to  ~  to the grocery
 store)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to descend quickly') to ~ to (to ~ to the bottom
 of the hill)
run foul
 v. see run afoul
rung
 n. the bottom, lowest; highest, top ~ (of a ladder)
run low
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on fuel)
runner
 n. ['one who runs'] 1. a distance, long-distance ~ ['unraveled
 stitches in a stocking']
  2. see run I, II
runner-up
 n. a ~ to
running
 n. ['competition'] 1. in the ~
  2. out of the
run off
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (he ran off with his company's funds)
run out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ into the street)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to abandon') (he ran out on his family)
run over
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (she ran over to her friend's place)
run short
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ of (they never ~ of money)
run-up
 n. (BE) ['preparatory period'] a ~ to (the ~ to the election)
run up
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ against ('to encounter') (to ~ against
 strong competition; to ~ against difficulties)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ to ('to approach quickly') (she ran up to me)
ruse
 n. a clever ~
rush
 I n. 1. a gold ~
  2. a ~ to + inf. (there was a ~ to buy tickets for the concert)
  3. in a ~
 II v. 1. to ~ headlong, pell-mell
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ at ('to attack')
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ headlong into a business deal)
  4. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ to (to ~ to the office; to ~ to smb.'s
 assistance; to ~ smb. to the hospital)
rut
 n. ['groove, furrow'] 1. a deep ~ (in a road) ['dreary
 routine']
  2. in a ~
ruthless
 adj. ~ in (he is ~ in his methods)
rye
 n. 1. winter ~
  2. a sheaf of ~
sabbath
 n. 1. to keep, observe the ~
  2. to desecrate, violate the ~
sabbatical
 n. 1. to give, grant a ~
  2. to get; have; take a ~
  3. (to be, go) on a ~ (she was on a ~)
saber, sabre
 n. 1. to draw one's ~
  2. to brandish a ~
  3. (misc.) to rattle one's ~ ('to threaten to wage war')
sabotage
 n. 1. to commit ~
  2. an act of ~
sack
 n. ['bag'] 1. a mail ~ ['bed'] (colloq.)
  2. to hit the ~ ('to go to bed') ['dismissal'] (colloq.)
  3. to get the ~
  4. to give smb. the ~
sackcloth
 n. ['mourning'] in ~ and ashes
sacrament
 n. 1. to administer a ~
  2. to receive a ~
sacred
 adj. ~ to (the shrines were ~ to them
sacrifice
 I n. 1. to make; offer a ~
  2. a great; heroic; personal ~
  3. a human ~
  4. the supreme, ultimate ~
  5. a ~ to
  6. at (a) ~ (we achieved our success at great personal ~)
 II v. 1. (D;refl.,tr.) to ~ for (to ~ oneself for a just cause)
  2. (D; refl., tr.) to ~ to (to ~ an animal to the gods)
sacrilege
 n. 1. to commit (a) ~
  2. (a) ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to speak like that)
sacrilegious
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to speak like that)
sad
 adj. 1. ~ about (we felt ~ about the accident)
  2. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ to be alone)
  3. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that we could not see each other)
sadden
 v. (R) it ~ed me to watch him turn into an alcoholic; it ~ed her
 that she would never see them again
saddened
 adj. ~ to + inf. (we were ~ to learn of her death)
saddle
 I n. 1. to put a ~ on (a horse)
  2. an English; stock, western ~
  3. in the ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ for (they ~d a gentle pony for the child)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ with (to ~ smb. with an unpleasant task
saddle sore
 n. to develop ~s
sadism
 n. to display ~
sadness
 n. 1. to express; feel ~
  2. deep, profound ~
  3. ~ over
sad sack
 n. (slang) (AE) ['inept person'] a hopeless ~
safari
 n. 1. to organize a ~
  2. to go on a ~
  3. a ~ to
safe
 I adj. 1. absolutely ~
  2. ~ for (~ for children)
  3. ~ from (~ safe from attack)
  4. ~ to + inf. (it is not ~ to lean out of the window)
 II n. 1. to open; unlock a ~
  2. to close; lock a ~
  3. to break open, crack a ~
  4. a wall ~
safe-conduct
 n. to issue a ~
safeguard
 n. 1. built-in ~s
  2. a ~ against
safety
 n. ['security'] 1. to assure smb.'s ~
  2. to jeopardize smb.'s ~
  3. industrial; public ~
  4. in ~ (to live in ~)
  5. (misc.) a margin of~; ~ first! ['device that prevents
 accidental discharge of a firearm']
  6. to set the ~
  7. to release the ~
safety factor
 n. a built-in ~
sag
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~fo (to ~ to one side)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ under (the floor ~ged under the weight)
saga
 n. a ~ about, of
sagacity
 n. the ~ to + inf. (she had the ~ to diversify her investments)
said
 adj. 1. ~ to + inf. (she is ~ to be very wise)
  2. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that they own five cars)
sail
 I n. 1. to hoist, raise the ~s; to make ~
  2. to let out the ~s
  3. to furl, take in a ~; to reduce; slacken ~
  4. to trim ('adjust') the ~s
  5. to lower, strike the ~s
  6. (misc.) to set ~ for ('to leave for by ship, bpat'); to make
 ~ ('to set out on a voyage')
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ along (to ~ along the coast)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ around, round (to ~ around the world)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ down (to ~ down a river)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for Europe)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ from; to (to ~ from New York to Liverpool)
  6. (d; intr.) to ~ into (the ship ~ed into port)
  7. (colloq.) (d; intr.) to ~ into ('to attack') (the opposing
 candidates ~ed into each other)
  8. (d; intr.) to ~ through (to ~ through the straits)
  9. (colloq.) (d; intr.) to ~ through ('to cope with easily')
 (she just ~ed through her finals)
  10. (d; intr.) to ~ up (to  ~  up the river)
sailing
 n. smooth ~ ('unimpeded progress')
saint
 n. a patron ~
sake
 n. 1. for smb.'s ~ (do it for my ~)
  2. for old times' ~
  3. for pity's ~
salad
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. to garnish; season a ~
  3. a fruit; green; mixed; potato; tossed ~
salad dressing
 n. to make a ~
salary
 n. 1. to pay a ~
  2. to command, draw, get, receive; earn a ~
  3. (colloq.) to pull down (AE), pull in (BE) a ~
  4. to boost, raise ~ries
  5. to cut, reduce, slash ~ries
  6. to attach smb.'s ~
  7. an annual; fixed; handsome; meager; modest ~
  8. (misc.) to negotiate a ~
sale
 n. ['selling'] 1. to make a ~
  2. a cash ~
  3. for, on ~ ('being sold') (house for ~; the book will be on ~
 next month) ['selling at reduced prices']
  4. to conduct, have, hold, run (colloq.) a ~
  5. an annual; clearance; closeout; fire; garage (AE), yard (AE);
 going-out-of-business; jumble (BE), rummage (AE); storewide;
 warehouse ~
  6. on ~ (AE) = at, in a ~ (BE) ('being sold at a reduced price')
sales
 n. 1. brisk ~
  2. gross; net ~
  3. (misc.) all ~ are final
salesman
 n. 1. a door-to-door ~
  2. a traveling ~ (BE also has commercial traveller)
salesmanship
 n. high-pressure ~
salient
 n. (mil.) 1. to form a ~
  2. a ~ juts out (into enemy lines)
saliva
 n. ~ dribbles
sally
 n. ['sortie'] 1. to make a ~ against ['trip']
  2. a ~ into (a ~ into strange territory)
salmon
 n. pink; red ~
salon
 n. a beauty; literary ~
salt
 n. 1. to pour ~
  2. common, table; fine; garlic; mineral; onion ~
  3. a dash, pinch; grain of ~
  4. a spoonful of ~
  5. (misc.) to take smt. with a grain of ~ ('to regard smt. with
 skepticism'); the ~ of the earth ('the very best')
sans
 n. bath; smelling ~
salute
 I n. 1. to fire; give a ~ (the president was given a 21-gun ~)
  2. to return; take a ~
  3. a smart, snappy ~
  4. a military; naval; 19-gun; rifle; royal; 21-gun ~
  5. a ~ to
 II v. to ~ smartly (the soldier ~d smartly)
salvage
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ records from a fire)
salvation
 n. 1. to bring; preach ~
  2. to seek ~
  3. ~ from
salve
 n. 1. to apply a ~
  2. a ~ for; to
salvo
 n. to fire a ~
Samaritan
 n. a good ~ ('a person who helps those in need')
same
 n. it's all the ~ to me ('it makes no difference to me')
sample
 n. ['representative item'] 1. to distribute, hand out (free) ~s
  2. a floor; free ~ ['selected segment'] (statistics)
  3. a random ~
sampler
 n. ['needlework'] to work a ~
sampling
 n. (a) random ~
sanction
 I n. ['approval'] 1. to give ~ to
  2. to receive ~
  3. legal ~
 II v. (K) no one ~ed his smoking marijuana
sanctions
 n. ['coercive measures'] 1. to apply, impose ~
  2. to lift ~
  3. economic, trade ~
  4. ~  against
sanctuary
 n. 1. to give, offer, provide (a) ~
  2. to find; seek ~
  3. a bird; wildlife ~
  4. a ~ for
  5. a ~ from
sanctum
 n. an inner ~
sand
 n. 1. to scatter, spread, sprinkle, strew ~
  2. coarse; fine ~
  3. a grain of ~
sandals
 n. 1. beach ~
  2. a pair of ~
sandwich
 I n. 1. to make a ~ out of
  2. a cheese; club (AE); corned-beef; double-decker; grilled-
 cheese (AE), toasted-cheese (BE); ham; open-face; tomato-and-
 lettuce; tuna ~
 II v. (d; tr.) to ~ between (to ~ a meeting between a staff
 conference and lunch)
sanitation
 n. environmental ~
sanity
 n. 1. to keep, maintain, preserve, retain one's ~
  2. to lose one's ~
sarcasm
 n. 1. biting, devastating, keen, piercing, scathing, withering;
 mild ~
  2. ~ about
  3. (misc.) dripping with ~ (her remarks were dripping with
sardines
 n. 1. a can (AE), tin (BE) of ~
  2. (misc.) to pack in like ~
sashay
 v. (colloq. )(AE)(P; intr.) ('to stroll') they ~ed down to the
 beach
satellite
 n. 1. to launch; orbit a ~
  2. an artificial (earth); communications; spy; weather ~
satire
 n. 1. (a) biting, scathing ~
  2. a ~ on
satisfaction
 n. ['act of satisfying') ['state of being satisfied'] 1. to
 afford, give ~ to
  2. to express; feel ~
  3. to find, take ~ in
  4. deep, profound; quiet ~
  5. ~ that + clause (they felt ~ that a fair compromise had been
 reached)
  6. ~ about, with
  7. to smb.'s ~ (the work was done to my ~) ['compensation for a
 wrong or injury']
  8. to demand; seek ~
  9. to get, receive; have ~
  10. ~ for (to receive ~ for an insult)
satisfactory
 adj. 1. highly ~
  2. ~ to
satisfied
 adj. 1. completely, greatly, perfectly, thoroughly ~
  2. ~ with (we are ~ with the results)
  3. ~ to + inf. (she is not ~ to spend her days doing nothing)
  4. ~ that + clause (we are ~ that all requirements have been
 met)
satisfy
 v. 1. to ~ completely, thoroughly
  2. (L; refl.) she ~fied herself that all doors were locked)
SATS
 n. (US) ['Standard Achievement Tests'] (for admission to US
 universities) to take the ~
saturate
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ with
sauce
 n. apple; barbecue; cranberry; soy; steak; tomato ~
saunter
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ along the street
sausage
 n. liver ~ (BE; AE has liverwurst)
savage
 n. the noble ~
savagery
 n. 1. to display, show ~
  2. an outburst of
save
 I n. ['action that prevents an opponent from scoring'] 1. to
 make a ~
  2. a brilliant, spectacular
 II v. 1. (C) ~ a place for me; or: ~ me a place
  2. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (they are ~ing for a new car; to ~
 money for a new TV)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ valuable records from destruction)
  4. (D; intr.) to ~ on (during the mild winter we ~d on fuel)
  5. (0) it will ~ you the trouble of making a second trip; the
 computer will ~ us a lot of time
save up
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a new tape recorder)
savings
 n. 1. to set aside ~
  2. to deposit; invest one's ~
  3. to withdraw one's ~ (from a bank)
  4. to dip into; squander one's ~
savings bond
 n. (AE) 1. to issue a ~
  2. to cash (in), redeem a ~
  3. to roll over a ~
savings certificate
 n. 1. to issue a ~
  2. to cash (in), redeem a ~
  3. (AE) to roll over a ~
savour
 v. (BE) (d; intr.) to ~ of ('to suggest') (to ~ of treason)
savvy
 n. ['knowledge'] (colloq.) 1. to demonstrate ~
  2. political ~ (to demonstrate considerable political ~)
saw
 n. 1. to set ('put an edge on') a ~
  2. a band; buzz (AE), circular (BE), carpenter's; chain; coping;
 hand; power ~
say
 I n. ['decision'] 1. to have the final ~ ['opportunity to
 speak']
  2. to have one's ~
 II v. 1. (B) ('to utter') she said a few words to us
  2. (d; tr.) ('to state') to ~ about, of (what did they ~ about
 our offer?)
  3. (d; tr.) to ~ for ('to say in justification of) (what can you
 ~ for yourself?)
  4. (d; tr.) to ~ to ('to respond to') (what do you ~ to the
 charges?)
  5. (colloq.) (E) ('to state') the instructions ~ to take one
 tablet every morning
  6. (L; to) ('to state') they said (to us) that they would be
 late
  7. (Q) ('to state') she did not ~ when our next meeting would be
  8. (misc.) to ~ smt. in jest; to ~ smt. under one's breath
saying
 n. 1. a common, old, popular, wise ~
  2. (misc.) it goes without ~ that we will help
scab
 n. a ~ falls off; forms
scabies
 n. to catch, get ~
scaffolding
 n. 1. to erect, put up ~
  2. to take down
scale
 I n. ['series of notes arranged in a certain sequence'] (mus.)
 1. to play; sing a ~
  2. a chromatic; diatonic; major; minor; natural ~ ['system of
 classifying in a series of steps']
  3. a sliding; social ~
  4. a pay, salary, wage; union ~ ['relative size']
  5. an enormous, grand, large; moderate; monumental; small ~
  6. on a certain ~ (everything was planned on a monumental ~; on
 a ~ of one to ten)
  7. (misc.) drawn to ~
 II n. ['weighing machine'] 1. a bathroom; beam; kitchen;
 spring; table ~
  2. on a ~ (to weigh smt. on a ~)
scale down
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ to (to ~ production to decreased demand)
scales
 n. ['weighing machine'] 1. see scale II
  2. a pair of ~
  3. (misc.) to tip the ~ at one hundred fifty pounds ['decisive
 influence']
  4. to tip, turn the ~ ('to have a decisive influence')
scallions
 n. (esp. AE; BE prefers spring onions) a bunch of ~
scalp
 n. a dry; itchy; oily ~
scamper
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ across the field
scan
 n. ['radiographic image'] 1. to do, perform; interpret a ~
  2. to have, undergo a ~
  3. a bone; CAT; heart; liver; lung ~
scandal
 n. 1. to cause, create a ~
  2. to cover up, hush up; uncover a ~
  3. a juicy, sensational ~
  4. an open; political; public ~
  5. a ~ bursts, erupts
  6. a breath, hint, suggestion of ~
  7. a ~ that + clause (it's a ~ that the buses are always so
 late)
scandalize
 v. (R) it ~d public opinion that the mayor had taken bribes
scandalous
 adj. 1. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ to behave like that)
  2. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that this road has so many potholes)
scapegoat
 n. to make a ~ of smb.
scar
 n. 1. to leave a ~
  2. to bear, carry a ~
  3. a hideous, ugly; identifying; noticeable, prominent;
 permanent; psychological ~
scarcity
 n. 1. to cause a ~
  2. a severe ~
scare
 I n. (colloq.) 1. to give smb. a ~; to put, throw a ~ into smb.
  2. to eet a ~
 II v. (colloq.) 1. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smb. into doing smt.)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ out of (she ~d me out of my wits)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) to ~ smb. stiff
  4. (R) it ~d us that no one answered the doorbell
  5. (misc.) to ~ smb. to death
scared
 adj. (colloq.) 1. ~ at (~ at the sound of the air raid siren)
  2. ~ to + inf. (they are ~ to say anything)
scarf
 n. 1. to knit a ~
  2. to wear a ~ (around the neck)
  3. a knitted; silk; woolen ~
scarlet fever
 n. to develop; have ~
scar tissue
 n. ~ forms
scavenge
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for
scenario
 n. ['film script'] 1. to write a ~
  2. a film ~ ['potential situation']
  3. a worst-case ~ (in the worst-case ~)
scene
 n. ['division of a play'] 1. to play; rehearse a ~
  2. to steal ('dominate') a ~ ['display of anger, feelings']
  3. to make a ~
  4. an awkward, painful ~ ['location']
  5. at, on a ~ (she was at the ~ of the crime)
  6. on the national ~ ['spectacle, picture']
  7. to depict a ~
  8. a beautiful; disgraceful, shameful; distressing; familiar;
 funny; gruesome; revolting; ridiculous; tragic ~ ['misc.']
  9. behind the ~s ('in secret')
scenery
 n. ['stage props'] 1. to set up ~
  2. to move, shift ~
  3. to dismantle ~
  4. stage ~ ['landscape']
  5. beautiful, majestic, picturesque; wild ~
  6. (misc.) (usu. fig.) a change of ~
scent
 n. ['track, trail'] 1. to have; follow; pick up a (the) ~ (the
 dogs picked up the ~)
  2. to leave a ~
  3. a cold; false; hot ~
  4. (misc.) to throw smb. off the ~ ['intuition']
  5. a ~ for (a ~ for news) ['odor']
  6. a faint; pungent ~ ['sense of smell']
  7. a keen ~
sceptical
 see skeptical
scepticism
 see skepticism
schedule
 n. 1. to draw up, make out, make up, plan a ~
  2. a fixed; flexible; full; heavy; rigid; rotating ~
  3. (esp. AE) an airline; bus; train ~ (BE prefers timetable)
  4. a production ~
  5. a ~ for
  6. according to, on; ahead of; behind ~ (our work is coming
 along according to/on ~)
scheduled
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ to + inf. (we're ~ to arrive at one
 o'clock)
scheme
 I n. 1. to concoct, cook up, devise, think up a ~
  2. to foil, thwart a ~
  3. a diabolical; fantastic; get-rich-quick; grandiose;
 nefarious; preposterous, wild-eyed ~
  4. a ~ to + inf. (she concocted a ~ to get publicity)
  5. (misc.) in the overall ~ of things USAGE NOTE: In CE, a
 scheme can be dishonest or crafty; this connotation is probably
 encountered more frequently in AE than in BE.
 II v. (derog.) (E) they are ~ing to take over the government
schism
 n. 1. to cause, create a ~
  2. a ~ between
scholar
 n. an eminent; productive ~
scholarship
 n. ['systematized   knowledge, research'] 1. to foster, promote
 ~
  2. productive; scientific; solid, sound, thorough ~ ['aid to a
 student, researcher, writer']
  3. to establish, found a ~
  4. to award, grant a ~
  5. to apply for; get, receive, win; hold a ~
  6. a ~ for (to receive a ~ for language study)
  7. a ~ to + inf. (she won a ~ to study abroad)
school
 I n. ['educational institution'] 1. to direct; operate a ~
  2. to attend, go to ~; to enter (a) ~ (they go to a good ~)
  3. to accredit a  ~
  4. to finish, graduate from (AE), leave (BE) ~ (she left ~ and
 went to university)
  5. to drop out of, leave, quit ~
  6. (by level) an elementary, grade (AE), grammar (AE), primary;
 first (BE); infant (BE); junior (BE); nursery ~
  7. (by level) a junior high (AE); middle ~
  8. (by level) a comprehensive (BE), high (esp. AE), secondary;
 grammar (BE); public (BE) ('private secondary'); secondary
 modern (BE; now rare) ~
  9. (by level) a graduate, postgraduate (esp. BE); undergraduate
 ~
  10. (by subject) an art; ballet; beauty; business; dancing;
 divinity; driving; fencing; military; naval; riding;
 secretarial; technical; trade, vocational ~
  11. (by type) a boarding; church; consolidated; correspondence;
 council (BE; now rare), public (AE), state (BE); day; evening;
 finishing; magnet (AE); night; parochial; preparatory; private;
 reform (AE; now rare); religious; segregated; summer; Sunday ~
  12. (at a university; see also faculty 1) a dental; engineering;
 law; medical; nursing (AE; CE has school of nursing);
 professional ~
  13. at, in (a) ~ (she works at/in a ~; their son is still at ~;
 AE also has: their son is still in ~)
  14. a ~ for (a ~ for gifted children)
  15. (misc.) to be kept after ~; late for ~ ['group of persons
 holding similar views']
  16. an avant-garde ~ of artists; a radical ~ of economists
  17. a ~ of opinion, thought
  18. (misc.) of the old ~ ('adhering to established traditions')
 ['misc.']
  19. the ~ of hard knocks ('life with all its difficulties')
 USAGE NOTE: One says to attend school and to go to school, but
 with a modifier an article must be included-- to attend a good
 school, to go to a good school, they go to the school of their
 choice. Note that one can say either they go to a school in
 California or they go to school in California, (see the Usage
 Note for university)
 II v. 1. to ~ thoroughly
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ in (to ~ smb. in the martial arts)
  3. (H) they were ~ed to obey instantaneously
schooled
 adj. ~ in (well ~ in military tactics)
schooling
 n. 1. to receive one's ~
  2. formal ~
  3. ~
schoolwork
 n. to do one's ~
science
 n. 1. to advance, foster, promote ~
  2. an exact ~
  3. applied; basic; behavioral; domestic; information; library;
 linguistic; military; natural; naval; physical; political;
 popular; social; space ~
scientist
 n. a nuclear; political; social ~
scissors
 n. 1. to use ~
  2. to sharpen ~
  3. bandage (AE); manicure; nail ~
  4. a pair of ~
sclerosis
 n. multiple ~
scoff
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at
scold
 I n. ['person who constantly complains'] a common ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to  ~  about, for (they ~ed me for being late)
scolding
 n. 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to get, receive a
scoop
 I n. ['utensil for scooping'] 1. a coal; flour; grain; ice-
 cream ~ ['hot news item'] (colloq.)
  2. to get the latest ~
 II v. (d; tr.) to ~ out of
scoot
 v. (P; intr.) the boys ~ed out of the room
scooter
 n. 1. to ride a ~
  2. a motor ~
score
 I n. ['tally'] (usu. sports) 1. to keep ~
  2. a close; even; lopsided ~
  3. (AE) (usu. baseball) a box ~
  4. a  ~  stands (the ~ stood five to three = the ~ stood five--
 three = the ~ stood at five to three; how does the ~ stand?)
  5. by a ~ (we won by a lopsided ~) ['points'] (sports)
  6. (esp. AE) to run up a ~
  7. a lopsided ~ (our team ran up a lopsided ~) ['grievance']
 ['matter']
  8. to pay off, settle a ~
  9. an old ~ (they had some old ~s to settle)
  10. a ~ between (there are some old ~s between them) ['musical
 composition']
  11. to play; write a ~ ['copy of a musical composition']
  12. a full; orchestra; piano; vocal ~ ['matter']
  13. on a certain ~ (we are even on that ~) ['facts of a
 situation'] (colloq.)
  14. to know the ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) ('to make a score') to ~ against (to ~
 against a team; they ~d five points against the visiting team)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) ('to make a score') to ~ for (she ~d ten
 points for her team; who ~d for their team?)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to write music') to ~ for (to ~ for full
 orchestra)
  4. (colloq.) (BE) (d; intr.) to ~ off ('to beat in an argument')
 (it's difficult to ~ off him in an argument)
  5. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to achieve success') to ~ with (I
 really ~d with the boss)
  6. (s) to ~ high; low (they ~d high in/on the proficiency tests)
scoreboard
 n. an electronic ~
scorecard
 n. to keep a ~
scorer
 n. (sports) a high; low ~ (who was the game's high ~?)
scorn
 I n. 1. to express; feel ~
  2. to heap ~ on
  3. ~ for (to feel ~ for smb.)
 II v. (formal) 1. (BE) (E) she ~s to compromise
  2. (G) she ~s compromising
scornful
 adj. ~ of
scorpion
 n. ~s sting
scot-free
 adj. to get off, go ~
scourge
 n. a ~ to (a ~ to the human race)
scout
 n. 1. a boy ~ (esp. AE; BE usu. has scout)
  2.agirl~(AE;BE has girl guide)
  3. a talent ~
scout about, scout around
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for new talent)
scowl
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at
Scrabble
 n. (T) ['game'] to play ~
scramble
 I n. 1. a mad, wild ~
  2. a ~ for (a wild ~ for tickets)
  3. a ~ to + inf. (there was a ~ to buy tickets)
 II v. 1. (C) ~ a couple of eggs for me; or: ~ me a couple of eggs
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ for, over (to ~ for government subsidies)
scrap
 I n. ['waste metal'] to sell (smt.) for ~
 II n. (colloq.) ['fight'] to put up a (good) ~
 III v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to fight') to ~ over
scrapbook
 n. to keep a ~
scrape
 I n. ['awkward predicament'] ['fight'] to get into a ~
 II v. l.(D;tr.) to ~ off (to ~ paint off furniture)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ through ('to manage to get through') (to ~
 through a crisis)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) (she ~d the dishes clean)
  4. (misc.) to bow and ~ ('to be obsequious')
scrape along
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on, with (to ~ on a small salary)
scratch
 I n. ['injury produced by scratching'] 1. (to come through a
 battle) without a ~ ['beginning']
  2. from ~ ['prescribed level']
  3. up to ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ at (the cat was ~ing at the door)
  2. (misc.) (AE; colloq.) to ~ for oneself ('to eke out one's
 living independently')
scrawl
 n. ['bad handwriting'] 1. to decipher a ~
  2. an illegible ~ (to write in an illegible ~)
scream
 I n. a bloodcurdling, shrill ~
 II v. 1. (B) she ~ed a few words to me
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ at; for (he ~ed at the children for making
 noise)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for help)
  4. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with pain)
  5. (L) she ~ed that the house was on fire
  6. (N; used with a reflexive pronoun and an adjective) (she ~ed
 herself hoarse)
screen
 I n. 1.to put up a ~
  2.aradar; smoke; television, TV ~
  3. a ~ between
  4. on a ~ (there was no picture on the TV ~)
 II v. (d; tr.) to ~ from
screening
 n. 1. to do a ~
  2. (a) mass ~
screen test
 n. 1. to get, have a ~
  2. to give smb. a ~
screw
 I n. 1. to tighten; turn a ~
  2. a loose ~
 II v. 1. (d;tr.) to ~ into (to ~ a bracket into a wall)
  2. (slang) (D; tr.) to ~ out of ('to cheat out of) (they ~ed him
 out of his bonus)
screw around
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to fool around') to ~ with USAGE NOTE:
 This verb also has an obscene meaning.
screw on
 v. (N; used with an adjective) ~ the cap on tight
scrimp
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to be frugal') to ~ on (to ~ on food)
  2. (misc.) to ~ and save
script
 n. ['alphabet'] phonetic ~ (transcribed in phonetic ~)
Scriptures
 n. Holy ~ (to be found in the Holy ~)
scrounge
 v. (colloq.) 1. (D; intr.) ('to scavenge') to ~ for
  2. (D; tr.) ('to wheedle') to ~ from (he ~d a cigarette from me)
scrounge around
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to scavenge') to ~ for
scrub
 v. (N; used with an adjective) we ~bed the tables clean
scruff
 n. (to take smb.) by the ~ of the neck
scruples
 n. 1. to have ~
  2. moral ~
  3. ~ about
scrupulous
 adj. ~ in (she was ~ in avoiding references to her opponent)
scrutinize
 v. to ~ closely, thoroughly
scrutiny
 n. 1. to bear ~ (his record will not bear close ~)
  2. close, strict; constant ~
  3. open to ~
  4. under ~ (under constant ~)
scud
 v. (P; intr.) the clouds ~ded across the sky
scuffle
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with
sculpture
 n. 1. to create, produce a ~
  2. to cast a ~
scurry
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for cover)
  2. (P; intr.) to ~ along the street
sea
 n. 1. to sail the ~s
  2. a calm, smooth; choppy, heavy, high, raging, rough, stormy,
 turbulent; open ~
  3. at ~ (buried at ~)
  4. (misc.) to drift out to ~; to go to ~('to become a sailor');
 to put out to ~; at ~ ('bewildered'); to sail the seven ~s ('to
 travel the world as a sailor')
seaboard
 n. (esp. AE) 1. the eastern ~
  2. on the (eastern) ~
seal
 I n. ['sea mammal'] 1. ~s bark
  2. a colony of ~s
  3. a young ~ is a pup
  4. a female ~ is a cow
  5. a male ~ is a bull
 II n. ['piece of molten wax'] 1. a privy; wax ~ ['closure']
  2. to break a ~ ['stamp, symbol']
  3. to affix a ~
  4. a ~ of approval
 III v. 1. to ~ hermetically
  2. (N; used with an adjective) they ~ed the area shut
sea level
 n. above; at; below ~
sea lion
 n. a colony of ~s
seam
 n. 1. to let out; rip open, tear open a ~
  2. (misc.) (to come apart) at the ~s (also fig.)
seaman
 n. an able, able-bodied; junior (BE), ordinary; merchant ~
seance
 n. 1. to conduct, hold a ~
  2. at a ~
seaport
 n. a bustling, busy ~
search
 I n. 1. to conduct, make a ~
  2. a careful, exhaustive, painstaking, thorough ~
  3. a fruitless ~
  4. a body; literature ~
  5. a ~ for (the ~ for truth)
  6. in ~ of
  7. (misc.) (legal) unwarranted ~ and seizure
 II v. 1. to ~ carefully, thoroughly
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a lost child)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ through (she ~ed through her purse for the
 keys)
searchlight
 n. 1. to direct, focus, shine a ~
  2. ~s play on (a wall)
search party
 n. to organize; send out a ~
search warrant
 n. to issue a ~
seas
 n. 1. the high ~ (on the high ~)
  2. see seal; calm, smooth; choppy, etc. ~
seashore
 n. at the ~
seasick
 adj. to get; feel ~
seaside
 n. (BE) at, by the ~ (a holiday at the ~) (AE has shore)
season
 n. 1. to open, usher in the (a) ~
  2. to close, usher out the (a) ~
  3. the dead, low, off, slack; high ~
  4. (sports) the baseball; basketball; fishing; football;
 hunting; open ~
  5. the dry; harvest; holiday; hurricane; mating, rutting;
 monsoon; planting; rainy; tourist ~
  6. at a ~ (at that ~ of the year)
  7. in ~; out of ~
  8. (misc.) it's open ~ on members of the opposition ('members of
 the opposition are being subjected to attack')
seasoned
 adj. highly; lightly ~
seat
 n. ['place to sit'] 1. to take one's ~
  2. to assign ~s
  3. to book (esp. BE), reserve a ~
  4. to give up, relinquish; keep one's ~
  5. a box; bucket; car; front-row; jump; ringside ~
  6. a rumble ~ (AE; BE has dicky)
  7. the driver's (AE), driving (BE) ~
  8. (misc.) please have a ~ ('please sit down') ['right to
 sit'] ['public office']
  9. to hold; win a ~
  10. to lose one's ~ ['administrative center']
  11. a county ~ (AE; BE has county town) ['dominant position']
  12. the catbird (AE), driver's (AE), driving (BE) ~
seated
 adj. 1. be ~
  2. to remain ~
secateurs
 n. a pair of ~
secede
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (a township cannot ~ from a county)
secession
 n. ~ from
seclude
 v. (D; refl., tr.)to~ from
seclusion
 n. in ~
second
 I adj. ['inferior'] 1. ~ to (~ to none) ['placing after the
 first']
  2. to come in ~ (in a race)
 II n. ['one who ranks after the first'] 1. a close ~
 ['assistant']
  2. a ~ to smb.
  3. (misc.) ~s away! (in wrestling); ~s out! (in boxing)
 ['second gear']
  4. in ~ (don't start in ~) ['vote of endorsement']
  5. (do I hear) a ~ to (the motion?)
 III n. ['sixtieth part of a minute'] 1. a split ~
  2. for a ~ (I'm stepping out into the corridor for a ~)
  3. in a ~ (she'll be here in a ~)
  4. (misc.) wait a ~; it will take a ~
 IV /si'kond/ v. (BE) (D; tr.) ('to assign temporarily') to ~
 from; to (she was ~ed from the British Council to a university)
secondary
 adj. ~to
second best
 adj. to come off ~
second-class
 adv. to travel ~
second fiddle
 n. ['subordinate role'] to play ~ to
second hand
 n. at ~ ('indirectly')
secondment
 n. (BE) on ~ from; to
second opinion
 n. to get a ~
seconds
 n. ['second portion of food'] to ask for ~
second thought
 n. 1. to have ~s about smt.
  2. on ~ (AE)/on ~s (BE) ('after reconsideration')
  3. (misc.) without giving the matter a ~
second wind
 n. to get one's ~
secrecy
 n. 1. to ensure ~
  2. strict ~
  3. ~ in (~ in conducting negotiations)
  4. in ~ (to meet in ~) (the meetings were held in the strictest
 ~)
  5. (misc.) to swear smb. to ~
secret
 I adj. 1. strictly ~
  2. most; top ~
  3. to keep smt. ~ (from smb.)
 II n. 1. to make a ~ of smt.
  2. to guard, keep a ~
  3. to betray, blurt out, divulge, reveal a ~
  4. to ferret out, uncover a ~
  5. a closely guarded; military; open; state; trade ~
  6. in ~ (to meet in ~)
secretary
 n. ['administrative assistant'] 1. a corresponding; executive;
 personal; press; recording;
 social ~
  2. a private ~ (AE; BE has personal assistant)
  3. a ~ of, to ['company official'] (BE)
  4. a company ~ ['officer supervising a government department']
  5. a defense; foreign; Home (GB); labor ~; the Secretary of
 State (US)
secretion
 n. 1. an internal ~
  2. a ~ from
secretive
 adj. ~ about (~ about one's plans)
sect
 n. a religious ~
section
 n. ['division of a newspaper'] 1. the business; classified;
 news; sports; travel ~ ['plane figure'] (geometry)
  2. a conical; cross; vertical ~ ['group of instruments']
  3. a brass; percussion; string; woodwind ~
  4. in a ~ (to play in the woodwind ~) ['group']
  5. a cheering ~ (in a grandstand) ['surgical cutting']
  6. an abdominal; cesare-an ~ ['area']
  7. a business; residential ~ ['department']
  8. the political ~ (of an embassy) ['part']
  9. in ~s (the bookcases come in ~s)
sector
 n. 1. the private; public ~
  2. in a ~ (in the private ~)
secure
 I adj. 1.~ against, from (~ against attack)
  2. ~ in (~ in one's beliefs)
 II v. (D; refl., tr.) to ~ against (to ~ borders against attack)
securities
 n. 1. to issue; register ~
  2. corporate; gilt-edged; government; negotiable ~
security
 n. ['safety'] 1. to ensure, provide ~
  2. to strengthen, tighten ~
  3. to compromise; undermine ~
  4. collective; internal; maximum; national; personal ~ (to
 compromise national ~)
  5. ~ against (~ against attack)
  6. (misc.) a feeling, sense of ~ ['system of insurance']
  7. social ~ USAGE NOTE: The social security systems are quite
 different in the United States and Britain.
sedative
 n. 1. to administer, give a ~
  2. to take a ~
  3. a mild; strong ~
sediment
 n. to deposit ~
sedition
 n. 1. to foment, incite, stir up ~
  2. an act of ~
see
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ about, after ('to take care of) (to ~ about
 an important matter)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ as ('to visualize'); ('to consider acceptable')
 (I can't ~ them as members of our organization; can you ~ him as
 Hamlet?)
  3. (d; tr.) ('to find attractive') to ~ in (what does she ~ in
 him?)
  4. (d; tr.) to ~ of ('to encounter') (we haven't seen much of
 you recently; you haven't seen the last of them)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ through ('to comprehend') (she saw through
 the scheme immediately)
  6. (d; tr.) to ~ through ('to assist, guide") (to ~ a book
 through the press; they saw me through my period of grief)
  7. (d; tr.) ('to accompany') to ~ to (she saw him to the door)
  8. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to attend to') (I had to ~ to the
 arrangements)
  9. (d; tr.) to ~ (through) to ('to be sufficient for') (this
 money will have to ~ us through to the end of the month)
  10. (I) we saw him enter the building
  11. (J) we saw him entering the building
  12. (L) ('to perceive') they saw that further resistance was
 hopeless
  13. (L) ('to make certain') ~ that you get there on time
  14. (N; used with a past participle) ('to watch') we saw the
 play performed in New York
  15. (0) ('to perceive') I could not ~ how the trick is done
  16. (P; tr.) ('to accompany") I'll ~ you home
  17. (misc.) they are ~ing each other regularly ('they are dating
 each other'); I ~ by the newspapers that...
seed
 n. 1. to plant, sow, spread ~s
  2. ~s germinate, sprout; grow
  3. (misc.) to go to ~ ('to be neglected and become useless')
seeding
 n. cloud ~
seek
 v. (E) she sought to help
seeker
 n. a status ~
seem
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ like (she ~s like a reasonable person)
  2. (E) they ~ to be pleasant; they ~ to like me
  3. (L; to) it ~s (to me) that there will be more rain
  4. (S) they ~ pleasant; it ~ed a waste of time
seep
 v. (P; intr.) the water ~ed into the basement
seesaw
 v. (d; intr.) ('to alternate') to ~ between (the lead ~ed between
 the two teams)
seethe
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with rage)
see to
 v. (L) he saw to it that the same mistake didn't happen again
segregate
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ one group from another)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ people into different groups)
segregation
 n. 1. to maintain, practice ~
  2. racial; religious ~
seize
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on, upon (to ~ upon a chance remark)
seized
 adj. ~ with (an acute illness)
seizure
 n. ['convulsion, paroxysm'] 1. to have a ~
  2. a cardiac, heart; epileptic; uncontrollable ~ ['act of
 seizing']
  3. search and ~
select
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ from among (we ~ed her from among many
 candidates)
  2. (H) we ~ed her to represent us
selection
 n. ['choice'] 1. to make a ~
  2. natural ~ ['selected piece of music']
  3. to play a ~
  4. a musical ~
self
 n. 1. one's real, true ~
  2. one's old ~ (she performed like her old ~)
self-assurance
 see self-confidence
self-confidence
 n. 1. to acquire, gain; display, show; have ~
  2. to instill ~
  3. to restore smb.'s ~
  4. to undermine smb.'s ~
  5. the ~ to + inf. (she doesn't have the ~ to run for public
 office) self-conscious adj. ~ about
self-consciousness
 n. 1. to display ~ in
  2. ~ about
self-control
 n. 1. to display; exercise ~
  2. to lose ~
  3. admirable, complete, total ~
self-defense, self-defence
 n. 1. in ~ (to kill smb. in ~)
  2. the art of ~ self-denial n. to exercise, practice ~
self-determination
 n. 1. to give, grant ~
  2. to achieve, realize ~
self-discipline
 n. 1. to display, exhibit; exercise; have ~
  2. the ~ to + inf. (who has the ~ to write a dictionary?)
self-examination
 n. 1. to do, make a ~
  2. a frank, honest ~
self-flattery
 n. to indulge in ~
self-fulfillment, self-fulfilment
 n. to achieve; seek
self-government
 n. 1. to grant ~
  2. to enjoy ~
self-interest
 n. 1. enlightened ~
  2. in one's own ~ selfish adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of them to
 do that)
self-management
 n. workers' ~
self-pity
 n. to indulge in ~
self-portrait
 n. to do, paint a ~
self-respect
 n. to keep one's ~
self-restraint
 n. to display, exercise, practice, show ~
self-rule
 n. 1. to grant ~
  2. to enjoy ~
self-sufficiency
 n. 1. to achieve, attain ~
  2. economic ~
self-treatment
 n. to resort to ~
sell
 I n. (colloq.) ['method of selling'] a hard; soft
 II v. 1. to ~ retail; wholesale
  2. (A) we sold our old car to him; or: we sold him our old car
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ for (it sold for ten pounds; we sold
 the car to them for three thousand dollars)
  4. (colloq.) (d; tr.) to ~ on ('to convince of) (to ~ smb. on
 an idea)
  5. (misc.) to ~ as is ('to sell with no guarantee as to
 quality'); to ~ smt. at a loss; to ~ by the dozen; to ~ in bulk;
 to sell like hot cakes ('to be sold very quickly in large
 quantities'); to ~ smb. down the river ('to betray and ruin
 smb.')
selling
 n. panic ~
sellout
 v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ to (she sold out to her partner)
semantics
 n. general; generative ~
semester
 n. (esp. US) the fall; spring; summer ~
semicircle
 n. 1. to form a ~
  2. in a ~
semicolon
 n. to place, put in a ~
seminar
 n. 1. to conduct, hold a ~
  2. a ~ on
seminary
 n. a theological ~
senate
 n. 1. to convene, convoke a ~
  2. to disband, dissolve a ~
  3. a ~ meets, is in session
  4. a ~ adjourns
senator
 n. a junior; senior ~
send
 v. 1. (A) we sent the manuscript to her; or: we sent her the
 manuscript
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ as (he was sent as our representative)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ by (to ~ a letter by airmail)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to ask to come') (to ~ for the doctor)
  5. (d; tr.) to ~ for ('to send smb. to fetch smt.') (she sent
 me for some beer)
  6. (d; tr.) ('to insert') to ~ into (the coach sent some new
 players into the game)
  7. (d; tr.) to ~ on (to ~ students on a field trip)
  8. (d; tr.) to ~ out of (the teacher sent the unruly pupils out
 of the room)
  9. (d; tr.) to ~ to (her parents sent her to camp)
  10. (H) we sent him to buy beer
  11. (J) the explosion sent things flying; we sent him packing
 ('we dismissed him summarily')
send away
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ for; to (we had to ~ to the factory for spare
 parts)
send down
 v. (BE) (D; tr.) ('to expel') to ~ from (he was sent down from
 Oxford)
send in
 v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (the children sent in box tops for
 prizes)
send-off
 n. to give smb. a (big) ~ (they gave her quite a ~)
send out
 v. 1.(B) they sent out invitations to many people
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ as (they were sent out as our representatives)
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ for (to ~ for pizza; they sent him out
 for beer)
  4. (d; tr.) to ~ on (the young reporter was sent out on her
 first assignment)
senior
 I adj. ~ to (she is ~ to me by one year)
 II n. (AE) a college; graduating; high-school (AE) ~
seniority
 n. according to, by ~ (to promote according to ~)
sensation
 n. ['excitement'] 1. to cause, create a ~ ['feeling']
  2. a burning; choking; numbing; pleasant; unpleasant ~
sense
 I n. ['judgment'] 1. to display, show ~
  2. common, good, horse (colloq.) ~
  3. a grain of ~
  4. the ~ to + inf. (they don't have the ~ to admit defeat)
  5. (misc.) to bring smb. to her/his ~s; to come to one's ~s; to
 take leave of one's ~s ['logic']
  6. to make ~ (her choice makes ~; it makes ~ to file an
 application; can you make any ~ out of this?) ['reaction to
 stimuli']
  7. to sharpen the ~s
  8. to dull the ~s
  9. an intuitive; keen ~
  10. the five ~s
  11. the sixth ~ ('intuition') ['feeling']
  12. (to have) a false ~ (of security)
  13. (misc.) a ~ of humor ['meaning']
  14. a figurative; literal, narrow, strict ~
  15. in a ~ (in the literal ~ of the word; in every ~ of the
 word) ['appreciation']
  16. a ~ of beauty
 II v. (L) she ~d immediately that smt. was wrong
senseless
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to lie)
sense of humor
 n. 1. to demonstrate, display a ~
  2. a wry ~
sensible
 adj. ['reasonable'] 1. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of her to
 postpone the trip) ['aware'] (formal) (BE)
  2. ~ of (they were ~ of the danger that they faced)
sensitive
 adj. ~ to (~ to charges of corruption; ~ to criticism)
sensitivity
 n. ~ to (~ to criticism)
sensitize
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ to
sensor
 n. to trip a ~
sentence
 I n. [' judgment of a court'] 1. to impose, pass, pronounce
 (a) ~
  2. to carry out, execute a ~
  3. to serve (out) a ~
  4. to commute; reduce; suspend; vacate a ~
  5. a harsh, severe, stiff; light ~
  6. a death; indefinite, indeterminate; life; prison; suspended
 ~
  7. under ~
  8. (misc.) to get off with a light ~ ['independent group of
 words']
  9. to form, formulate, make up; generate a ~
  10. an affirmative; complex; compound; declarative; elliptical;
 embedded; exclamatory; impersonal; interrogative; negative;
 simple ~
 II v. (D;tr.) to ~ for; to (the judge ~d him to five years for
 theft; the convicted murderer was ~d to death)
sentiment
 n. ['feeling'] 1. to express a ~
  2. to display, show ~
  3. a growing; lofty; patriotic; shocking; strong ~
  4. ~ against; for, in favor of (there is growing ~ in favor of
 a tax reduction)
  5. ~ that + clause (there was strong ~ that the government
 should step down)
sentimental
 adj. ~ about, over
sentimentality
 n. 1. maudlin, mawkish ~
  2. ~ about
sentimentalize
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over
sentry
 n. 1. to post a ~
  2. to relieve a ~
separate
 I adj. ~ from (to keep ~ from)
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ from (she was ~d from her family; to
 be ~d from the service)
separation
 n. ~ from
separatism
 n. political; racial; religious ~
sequel
 n. a ~ to
sequence
 n. 1. a chronological; natural ~
  2. in ~
serenade
 n. 1. to play, sing a ~
  2. a ~ to
sergeant
 n. 1. a buck; color; drill; first, top; flight (BE); gunnery;
 master; platoon; recruiting; staff; technical ~
  2. a ~ major
series
 n. ['sequence'] (math.) 1. an alternating; convergent;
 divergent; geometric; harmonic; infinite ~ ['succession']
  2. an unbroken ~ ['cycle of programs, publications']
  3. a miniseries; TV ~
serious
 adj. 1. deadly ~
  2. ~ about (she is ~ about her work)
sermon
 n. 1. to deliver, give, preach a ~
  2. a lay ~
servant
 n. 1. a domestic; personal; public ~
  2. a faithful, loyal, trusted ~
  3. a ~ to
serve
 I n. (tennis) 1. the ~ was good; long; out
  2. a ~ to (a ~ to the backhand)
 II v. 1. (A) ('to bring') she ~d dinner to us; or: she ~d us
 dinner
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ as ('to fulfill the functions of) (his
 illness ~d as an excuse; to ~ as mayor)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to be a member of) (to ~ on a jury)
  4. (D; tr.) to ~ on ('to deliver to') (to ~ a summons on smb.)
  5. (tennis) (D; intr.) ('to put the ball in play') to ~ to (I
 hate to ~ to her -- she always returns the ball to my backhand)
  6. (D; intr.) ('to be in service') to ~ under (he ~d directly
 under a general)
  7. (d; tr.) to ~ with ('to deliver to') (to ~ smb. with a
 summons)
  8. (E) ('to have an effect') it ~d to calm everyone's nerves
  9. (misc.) it ~s him right ('he got what he deserved')
service
 n. ['work done for others'] 1. to do, offer, perform, provide,
 render a ~
  2. custom; meritorious; public; yeoman ('loyal') ~
  3. professional; social (BE) ~s (a fee for professional ~s)
  4. ~ to (she received an award for meritorious ~ to the
 community)
  5. (misc.) to press smb. into ~ ['facility that satisfies a
 need']
  6. to introduce; offer, provide; restore ~
  7. to suspend a ~
  8. an ambulance; answering; bus; clipping (AE), press-cutting
 (BE); customer; dating; delivery; diaper (AE); door-to-door;
 employment (esp. AE); express; ferry; health-visitor (BE),
 visiting-nurse (AE); janitorial (AE); laundry; limousine (esp.
 AE); news, wire; placement; postal; repair; room; telephone;
 towing ~ ['operation, use']
  9. to see ~ (this equipment has seen plenty of ~)
  10. in; out of ~ (the bus was not in ~)
  11. (misc.) to put smt. into ~ ['disposal']
  12. to be at smb.'s ~ ['help, benefit']
  13. to be of ~ to ['religious ceremony']
  14. to hold a ~; to hold ~s
  15. a burial; marriage; memorial; prayer, religious ~
  16. an evening; morning; noontime; sunrise ~ (they hold sunrise
 ~s once a week) ['set of utensils']
  17. a coffee; dinner; tea ~
  18. a ~ for ['administrative division of government']
  19. the civil; consular; diplomatic; foreign; intelligence,
 secret ~
  20. human ~s ('social services') ['game during which one
 serves'] (tennis)
  21. to hold ('win'); lose one's ~
  22. to break smb.'s ~ ['duty in the armed forces']
  23. to see ~ (she saw ~ during the Second World War)
  24. military; national (BE), selective (AE) ~
  25. active; inactive ~
  26. in the ~ ['position as a servant'] (esp. BE)
  27. domestic ~
  28. to be in ~; to go into ~ ['scheduled routes, flights']
  29. to introduce; offer, provide ~
  30. to suspend ~
  31. daily; regular ~
  32. ~ between; from; to (regular ~ between two cities; that
 airline provides daily ~ from New York to London) ['manner of
 dealing with customers']
  33. fast; fine; slow ~ ['misc.']
  34. lip ~ ('meaningless promises')
serving
 n. ['portion'] a generous, liberal; second; small ~
servitude
 n. involuntary; penal ~
session
 n. 1. to hold a ~
  2. a briefing; bull (AE; colloq.), rap (AE; colloq.); jam;
 joint; legislative; plenary; practice; rap; special; summer;
 winter; working ~
  3. (colloq.) (AE) a stroking ~ ('an attempt at conciliation')
  4. a ~ on (to hold a special ~ on problems of air pollution)
  5. in ~ (in secret ~; the court was in ~)
set
 I adj. ['opposed'] 1. (cannot stand alone) ~ against (her
 parents were dead ~ against the marriage) ['ready']
  2. ~ for (we are ~ for the big celebration)
  3. ~ to + inf. (we are ~ to begin)
  4. (misc.) to get ~ for; (before a race) get ready, get ~, go!
 (AE; BE has ready, steady, go!)
 II n. ['collection of things used together'] 1. to make up a ~
  2. to break, break up a ~
  3. a carving; chemistry; chess; tea ~ ['group of six or more
 games'] (tennis)
  4. to play a ~
  5. to lose; win a ~ ['apparatus']
  6. a radio; television, TV ~ ['clique']
  7. the fast (old-fashioned); international; jet; smart (old-
 fashioned) ~ (to belong to the jet ~) ['stage, film scenery']
  8. to dismantle, strike a ~ ['misc.']
  9. to make a dead ~ at smb. ('to attack smb.'); ('to attempt to
 win smb.'s favor')
 III v. 1. (BE) (C) ('to assign') the teacher set several
 problems for the pupils; or: the teacher set the pupils several
 problems
  2. (d; tr.) ('to place') to ~ against (to ~ a ladder against a
 wall)
  3. (d; tr.) ('to pit') to ~ against (to ~ brother against
 brother)
  4. (D; tr.) ('to arrange') to ~ for (to ~ the stage for smt.;
 to ~ a trap for smb.; to ~ a date for a wedding)
  5. (d; tr.) ('to incite') to ~ on (to ~ dogs on a trespasser)
  6. (D; tr.) ('to put') to ~ on (to ~ a price on an article)
  7. (d; tr.) ('to attach') to ~ on (to ~ one's eyes on smt.)
  8. (d; tr.) ('to adapt') to ~ to (to ~ a poem to music)
  9. (d; intr.) to ~ upon ('to attack') (the wolves set upon the
 sheep)
  10. (BE) (H) ('to assign as a task') she set them to write
 reports; I set myself to study these problems
  11. (J) ('to compel') that set me thinking
  12. (N; used with an adjective) to ~ smb. free
  13. (P; tr.) ('to place') she set the lamp on the fable
  14. (nrrsc.) to ~ an example for smb.; to ~ smt. apart; to ~
 store by smb. ('to rely on smb.'); to ~ fire to ('to ignite');
 to ~ a match to ('to ignite'); to ~ one's mind to do smt. ('to
 resolve to do smt.'); to ~ smt. in motion; to ~ one's sights on
 ('to aspire to') to ~ sail for ('to leave by ship for')
set about
 v. 1.(E) ('to begin') he set about to undo the damage that he
 had caused
  2. (G) ('to begin') we set about working on the project
set apart
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (certain traits ~ them apart from the
 others)
set aside
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ money for one's old age)
setback
 n. 1. to have, receive, suffer a ~
  2. a serious; unexpected ~
  3. a business; diplomatic; financial; military; personal;
 political; professional ~
set off
 v. (D; intr.) ('to start') to ~ for, on (to ~ for home; to ~ on
 a trip)
set out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to leave') to ~ for; from (to ~ for town)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to begin') (to ~ on a new career)
  3. (E) ('to resolve') he has set out to get revenge
  4. (misc.) to ~ in search of smt.
setting
 n. ['set of tableware'] 1. a place ~ for ['frame in which a
 gem is set']
  2. to fashion a ~ for ['surroundings']
  3. a natural ~ ['arrangement of stage props']
  4. a stage ~ ['point at which a measuring device is set']
  5. to adjust, change the ~ (of a thermostat)
settle
 v. 1. to ~ peacefully (to ~ a dispute peacefully)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to be content with') (they had to ~
 for a very modest house with no garage)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to decide') to ~ on (have you ~d on a place for
 your vacation?)
  4. (D; intr., tr.) ('to adjust accounts; to adjust') to ~ with
 (to ~ with one's creditors; we have ~d our accounts with our
 creditors)
  5. (misc.) to ~ (a case) out of court; to ~ oneself in an
 armchair; to ~ on the land; to ~ into a routine settled adj. to
 get ~
settle down
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ into, to (to ~ into a routine; to ~ to
 family life)
  2. (E) to ~ to study
  3. (misc.) to ~ for the night
settlement
 n. 1. to come to, make, negotiate, reach a ~ on
  2. a fair, reasonable; tentative ~
  3. a lump-sum; marriage; out-of-court ~
setup
 v. 1.(d;refl.,tr.) ('to establish') to ~ as (she set herself up
 as a real estate agent)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to establish') to ~ in (to set smb. up in
 business) several determiner, pronoun ~ of (~ of them) USAGE
 NOTE: The use of the preposition of is necessary when a pronoun
 follows. When a noun follows, the use of the limits the meaning
 -- we saw several students; we saw several of the students whom
 we had discussed earlier.
sew
 v. (C) she ~ed a dress for me; or: she ~ed me a dress
sewage
 n. 1. to treat ~
  2. raw, untreated ~
sewer
 n. a sanitary; storm ~
sex
 n. ['sexual relations'] 1. to have ~ with smb.
  2. explicit; illicit; kinky (slang), perverse; premarital ~
 ['division of organisms into male and female']
  3. the fair; female; male ~
  4. a member of the opposite ~
sex organs
 n. female; male ~
sexual intercourse
 n. to have ~ with
sexuality
 n. human ~
shack
 n. a dilapidated, run-down; jerry-built ~
shackle
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ to (the prisoner was ~d to the bars)
shackles
 n. to cast off, throw off one's ~
shack up
 v. (slang.) (D; intr.) to ~ with (he ~ed up with his girlfriend)
shade
 I n. ['gradation of color'] 1. a delicate, pale, pastel, soft
 ~
  2. a dark; light ~ ['window cover'] (AE;BEhas blinds)
  3. to draw, pull down; raise the ~s
  4. a window ~ ['shaded place']
  5. in the ~ ['misc.']
  6. a lampshade
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ into (the colors ~ into each other)
shadow
 n. 1. to cast, produce, throw a ~ (the setting sun cast long ~s)
  2. ~s fall
  3. (misc.) a mere ~ of one's former self; beyond a ~ of a
 doubt; to walk in smb.'s ~ ('to be subservient to smb.)
shaft
 n. 1. to bore, sink a ~
  2. a cardan (BE), drive (AE) ~
  3. an air; elevator (AE), lift (BE) ~
shake
 I n. ['act of shaking'] 1. to give smb. or smt. a ~ (she gave
 the rug a good ~) ['opportunity'] (colloq.) (AE)
  2. a fair ~ (she got a fair ~)
 II v. 1. to ~ vigorously; violently
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ from, out of (to ~ apples from a tree)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with fear)
  4. (misc.) ~ well before using
shakedown
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ fruit down from a tree)
shaken
 adj. easily; visibly ~
shaker
 n. 1. a cocktail ~
  2. a pepper ~ (AE; BE has pepper pot)
shake-up
 n. a personnel ~
shall
 v. (F) we ~ see
shambles
 n. 1. to make a ~ of; to turn smt. into a ~
  2. in (a) ~ (their economy is in ~)
shame
 I n. 1. to bring ~ on, to, upon
  2. to feel ~ at (they felt ~ at accepting bribes)
  3. (colloq.) an awful, crying, dirty ~
  4. a ~ to + int. (it's a ~ to waste so much time = it's a  ~
 wasting so much time)
  5. a ~ that + clause (it was a ~ that they could not come)
  6. for, in ~ (to hang one's head in ~)
  7. to smb.'s ~ (to my ~, I never did help them)
  8. with ~ (his cheeks burned with ~)
  9. (misc.) to put smb. to ~; a damned ~; ~ on you!
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smb. into doing smt.)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ out of
shameful
 adj. 1. ~ to + int. (it was ~ of them to surrender
  2. ~ that + clause (it was ~ that they surrendered)
shameless
 adj. ~ to + int. (it was ~ of them to do that)
shampoo
 n. ['washing of the hair'] 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to get a ~
shape
 I n. ['form'] 1. to give ~ to
  2. to assume a ~; to take ~; to take the ~ of (our plans are
 beginning to take ~; to take the ~ of a human being) ['good
 physical condition']
  3. to get (oneself) into ~
  4. to keep (oneself) in ~ ['physical condition']
  5. bad; good ~
  6. in ~ (to be in bad ~)
  7. (misc.) she is in no ~ to give a speech
 II v. (d;tr.) to ~ into (to ~ clay into a jug)
share
 I n. 1. to do one's ~
  2. an equal; fair; full; large, lion's, major ~
  3. ordinary ~s (BE; AE has common stock)
  4. preference ~s (BE; AE has preferred stock)
  5. a ~ in (to have a ~ in the profits)
 II v. 1. (D;tr.) to ~ among (the thieves ~d the loot among
 themselves)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ in (to ~ in the profits; to ~ in using the
 computer)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ with (we ~d our food with them)
sharing
 n. 1. profit ~
  2. revenue ~ (by the states)
shark
 n. 1. a man-eating ~
  2. (fig.) a loan ~
sharp
 adj. razor ~
sharpener
 n. a pencil ~
shave
 I n. 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. a close ~
  3. (misc.) a close ~ ('a narrow escape')
 II v. (N; used with an adjective) she ~d me close; he ~d his
 head bald
shavings
 n. wood ~
shears
 n. 1. pinking; pruning ~
  2. a pair of ~
shed
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ on (to ~ light on a mystery) ('to clear up a
 mystery')
sheen
 n. ['brightness'] a high ~
sheep
 n. 1. to raise, rear (BE) ~
  2. to shear ~
  3. ~ baa, bleat, go baa
  4. a flock, herd of ~
  5. the meat of the ~ is mutton
  6. a young ~ is a lamb; its meat is lamb
  7. a female ~ is a ewe
  8. a male ~ is a ram
  9. (misc.) ~ are tended by a shepherd
sheet
 n. ['piece of bed linen'] 1. a bed; cotton; percale ~
  2. a double; fitted; flat; king-sized; queen-sized; single;
 twin ~
  3. (misc.) to change the ~s == to put on clean ~s ['financial
 statement'] ['record']
  4. a balance ~
  5. (BE) a wages ~ ['diagram']
  6. a flow ~ ['piece of paper']
  7. a blank ~ ['newspaper'] (colloq.)
  8. a scandal ~ ['statement']
  9. a charge ~ ('a statement of charges brought against an
 accused person') ['pan']
  10. a cookie ~
shelf
 n. 1. to build, put up a ~
  2. adjustable; built-in shelves
  3. a continental ~
  4. (misc.) on the ~ ('no longer in demand'); to stock shelves
 with supplies
shell
 n. 1. to fire a ~ at
  2. to fuse a ~
  3. to lob a ~ (our artillery was lobbing ~s into enemy
 positions)
  4. an armor-piercing; high-explosive; hollow-charge;
 incendiary; mortar; smoke ~
  5. ~s burst
shellacking
 n. ['beating'] (colloq.) (AE) 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to get, take a ~
shelling
 n. constant, round-the-clock; heavy, intensive; light ~
shell out
 v. (colloq.) (B) ('to pay') they had to ~ money to their
 creditors
shelter
 I n. 1. to afford, give, offer, provide ~
  2. to seek; take ~ from
  3. an air-raid, bomb; fallout; tax ~
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
shelving
 n. to put up ~
sheriff
 n. a deputy ~
sherry
 n. dry; sweet ~
shield
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ against, from
shift
 I n. ['change'] 1. to bring about, produce a ~ in
  2. (ling.) a consonant; functional; vowel ~ ['work period']
  3. a day; eight-hour; night; split; swing ~ (she works the
 night ~; to work an eight-hour ~) ['transmission']
  4. an automatic; standard, stick ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ from; to (to ~ from first to
 second gear; to ~ responsibility to smb. else)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ into neutral)
  3. (misc.) to ~ for oneself ('to live independently')
shift key
 n. (on a typewriter) to press a ~
shin
 n. to bark ('scrape') one's ~s
shine
 I n. ['liking'] (colloq.) (esp. AE) 1. to take a ~ to
 ['shining of shoes']
  2. to give smb. a ~ ('to shine smb.'s shoes')
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to give light') to ~ on (the hot sun was
 ~ing directly on our heads)
  2. (d; tr.) ('to direct') to ~ on (~ the floodlights on this
 part of the field)
shiner
 n. ['black eye'] (colloq.) (old-fashioned) 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to sport a ~
shingle
 n. ['small sign designating a professional office'] (colloq.)
 (AE) to hang out one's ~
shingles
 I n. ['building material on a roof] to lay
 II n. ['herpes zoster'] to develop ~
ship
 I n. 1. to build; refit a ~
  2. to christen; launch a ~
  3. to navigate; sail a ~
  4. to scuttle; sink; torpedo a ~
  5. to abandon ~ (when it is sinking)
  6. to jump ~ ('to desert from a ship's crew')
  7. to raise a sunken ~
  8. to load; unload a ~
  9. a battleship; capital; hospital; merchant; oceangoing;
 passenger; rocket; sailing ~; spaceship; steamship; supply ~;
 warship; weather ~
  10. a ~ heaves; pitches; rolls
  11. (misc.) to board a ~; to disembark from a ~; to run a tight
 ~  ('to operate efficiently') USAGE NOTE: The term rocket ship
 is now used chiefly in science fiction. The terms spacecraft and
 space vehicle are now used for the real thing. The term
 spaceship is sometimes used for 'manned spacecraft'.
 II v. (A) they have ~ped the merchandise to us; or: they have
 ~ped us the merchandise
ship off
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (they ~ped their children off to camp)
shipping
 n. merchant ~
shipwreck
 n. to experience, suffer (a) ~
shipyard
 n. a naval ~
shirk
 v. (G) no one should ~ doing her/his duty
shirt
 n. 1. to put on; take off a ~
  2. a body; dress; hair; polo; sport; wash-and-wear ~
  3. (misc.) to lose one's ~ ('to lose everything')
shiver
 I n. a ~ went up and down my spine
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at (she ~ed at the thought of getting
 up)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ from, with (to ~ from the cold)
shock
 I n. 1. to give smb. a ~
  2. to express; feel; get, have a ~
  3. to absorb a ~
  4. an emotional; mild, slight; profound, rude, severe, terrible
 ~
  5. (a) culture; electric; future; insulin; shell (old-
 fashioned) ~
  6. a ~ to (his arrest was a ~ to everybody)
  7. a ~ to + int. (it was a ~ to learn of his death = it was a ~
 learning of his death)
  8. a ~ that + clause (it came as a ~ that he had been released
 from prison)
  9. ~ at (everyone expressed ~ at the hijacking)
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smb. into doing smt.)
  2. (R) it ~ed me (to learn) that he had been in prison
shocked
 adj. 1. ~ at (~ at the results)
  2. ~ to + int. (we were ~ to learn that he had been fired)
  3. ~ that + clause (everyone was  ~  that he had been arrested)
shocking
 adj. 1. ~ to + int. (it is ~ to read of such crimes)
  2. ~ that + clause (it's ~ that the article was censored)
shock therapy
 n. 1. to administer ~
  2. to get, receive ~
shock wave
 n. to send a ~ (the uprising sent ~s through the country)
shoelace
 n. 1. to tie; untie a ~
  2. to knot a ~
shoes
 n. 1. to put on; wear ~
  2. to slip off, take off ~
  3. to break in (new) ~
  4. to lace (one's) ~
  5. to polish, shine ~
  6. to fix, mend (esp. BE), repair ~
  7. tight; well-fitting ~
  8. basketball; earth; gym ~; overshoes; running; saddle ~;
 snowshoes; sports; tennis; track ~
  9. ~ fit; pinch
  10. (misc.) to fill smb.'s ~ ('to replace smb.')
shoestring
 n. (colloq.) ['limited funds'] on a ~ (to operate a business
 on a ~)
shoot
 I n. ['young plant']!, a bamboo ~ ['hunting trip'] (esp. BE)
  2. (to go on) a tiger ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to execute by shooting') to ~ as (he was
 shot as a deserter)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to fire') to ~ at (to ~ at smb.)
  3. (colloq.) (esp. AE) (d; intr.) ('to aim') to ~ for (to ~ for
 the top)
  4. (D; intr., tr.) ('to fire') to ~ into (to ~ into the air)
  5. (N; used with an adjective) ('to hit with gun-fire') to ~
 smb. dead
  6. (P; intr.) ('to move quickly') they shot past us in a sports
 car
shop
 I n. ['store'] 1. to manage, operate a ~
  2. an antique ~; barbershop (esp. AE), barber's ~ (BE);
 bookshop; butcher (AE), butcher's (BE); chemist's (BE); duty-
 free; gift; novelty; pastry ~; sweetshop (BE); thrift; toy ~
  3. a draper's ~ (BE; AE has dry-goods store)
  4. at, in (she works in a ~) ['workshop']
  5. a beauty (esp. AE); body; machine; paint; printing ~
 ['place of work']
  6. a closed ~ ('firm that hires only union members')
  7. an open ~ ('firm that hires union members and non-union
 members')
  8. a union ~ ('firm that hires only workers who will join the
 union if they are not already members') ['misc.']
  9. to close down (a) ~ ('to stop operations'); to set up ~ ('to
 begin operations'); to talk ~ ('to discuss one's work while not
 at work'); a coffee ~ (AE; BE has coffee bar); a betting ~ (BE;
 CE has book-maker's) USAGE NOTE: Shop and store are CE. In BE,
 store tends to be used for a very large retail establishment
 (department store) and shop for the others (bookshop,
 sweetshop). In AE, store is used for all, regardless of size
 (department store, book store, candy store). However, AE can
 also use shop for a small specialized store (bookshop, millinery
 shop).
 II v. L (D: intr.) to  ~ for (to  ~ for food)
  2. (misc.) to go ~ping; let's go window ~ping; to ~ smb. to the
 police (BE; slang) ('to inform on smb. to the police')
shop around
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for bargains)
shopper
 n. a Christmas; comparison; window ~
shopping
 n. 1. to do the ~
  2. Christmas; comparison; window ~ (to do the Christmas ~; to
 do comparison ~)
shore
 n. l. (AE; BE has seaside) at the ~ (a vacation at the ~)
  2. off ~ (two miles off ~)
  3. on a ~ (smb. was standing on the ~)
short
 adj. 1. ~ in (~ in stature)
  2. ~ of (~ of funds; to run ~ of food; to fall  ~  of one's
 goal)
  3. (misc.) to be caught ~ ('to find oneself in acute need');
 and: (BE; colloq.) ('to feel the need to go to the toilet')
shortage
 n. 1. an acute ~
  2. a food; housing; labor; teacher ~; wartime ~s
shortcut
 n. 1. to take a ~
  2. a ~ to (a ~ to success)
shorten
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ by (to ~ trousers by two inches)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a manuscript to acceptable length)
shortening
 n. (esp. AE) vegetable ~
shorthand
 n. (to take smt. down) in ~
short haul
  (esp. AE) see short run
short run
 n. ['brief period'] in the ~
shorts
 n. 1. Bermuda; boxer ~
  2. a pair of ~
short shrift
 n. ['quick work'] 1. to make ~ of ('to finish with quickly')
  2. to give smb. ~ ('to deal with smb. summarily')
  3. to get ~ from smb. ('to be treated summarily by smb.')
shortsighted
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of her not to make a reservation)
short term
 see short run
shot
 n. ['act of shooting'] 1. to fire, take a ~ at (she took a ~
 at him)
  2. a random; warning ~
  3. a pistol; rifle ~ ['marksman']
  4. a bad; crack, good ~ ['throw, kick of the ball to score
 points']
  5. (esp. basketball) to make, sink; miss; take a ~ (to take a ~
 at the basket)
  6. (basketball) a dunk, stuff; foul; jump; lay-up ~
  7. (tennis) a drop; passing ~
  8. (ice hockey) a penalty ~ ['metal ball used in the shot
 put']
  9. to put the ~ ['injection']
  10. to give smb. a ~
  11. to get a ~
  12. a booster ~ ['critical remark']
  13. a cheap; parting ~ ['attempt'] (colloq.)
  14. to get; have a ~ at (the boxer never got a ~ at the title)
 ['chance'] (colloq.) (AE)
  15. a ~ that + clause (it's a five to one ~ that she'll find
 out) ['misc.']
  16. to call the ~s ('to direct matters'); a ~ in the arm ('a
 stimulus'); a ~ in the dark ('a wild guess')
shotgun
 n. a sawed-off (AE), sawn-off (BE) ~ (see also gun 1,2,4,5)
should
 v. (F) she  ~ help
shoulder
 I n. 1. to shrug one's ~s
  2. to square one's ~s
  3. broad, square ~s
  4. (misc.) ~ to ~ (to work ~ to ~) ('to work closely
 together'); to give smb. a cold ~ ('to be unfriendly to smb.');
 to put one's ~ to the wheel ('to work very hard'); to rub ~s
 with ('to associate with'); straight from the  ~  ('in a direct
 manner')
 II v. (d; tr.) to ~ through (he ~ed his way through the crowd)
shout
 I n. 1. to give a ~
  2. a loud; piercing; triumphant ~
 II v. 1. (B) she ~ed a few words to me
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ at (don't ~ at me)
  3. (L; to) he ~ed (to us) that we should call the police
  4. (N; refl.; used with an adjective) he ~ed himself hoarse
shove
 n. to give smb. a ~
shovel
 n. a steam ~
show
 I n. ['theatrical presentation'] ['performance']
 ['program'] 1. to direct; do, produce, put on, stage; promote;
 sponsor a ~
  2. to catch (colloq.), see, take in a ~
  3. a chat (BE), talk; floor; ice; peep; Punch-and-Judy; sound-
 and-light; talent; TV; variety ~ (to sponsor a TV ~) ['display,
 exhibition']
  4. an air; auto (AE), motor (BE); flower; horse; ice ~
 ['misc.']
  5. for ~ ('designed to make an impression'); bad ~ ('very
 bad'); good ~ ('very good'); to put on a ~ ('to pretend'); to
 steal the ~ ('to draw the most attention'); to stop the ~ ('to
 receive a great deal of applause, attention'); a ~ of strength;
 who is running this ~? ('who is in charge here?'); to get the ~
 on the road (slang) ('to get things going')
 II v. 1. (A) ('to display') ~ the book to me; or: show me the
 book
  2. (d; tr.) ('to guide') to ~ around, over, round (esp. BE),
 through (she ~ed me through the museum)
  3. (d; tr.) to ~ for ('to have as a result of) (what can we ~
 for our efforts?)
  4. (d; tr.) ('to guide') to ~ to (I ~ed her to her seat)
  5. (J) ('to display') the photograph ~ed them conversing
  6. (L; may have an object) ('to demonstrate') the research ~ed
 (us) that our theory was correct
  7. (M) ('to demonstrate') she ~ed herself to be an excellent
 worker; history ~ed her to be a prophet
  8. (Q; usu. has an object) ('to demonstrate') can you ~ me how
 to operate the copying machine?
  9. (misc.) to ~ to advantage ('to show in the best light'); to
 ~ oneself in public
showdown
 n. to come to, have; force a ~ with
shower
 I n. ['bath using an overhead spray'] 1. to have (BE), take a
 ~ ['short period of rain'] ['brief downpour']
  2. a heavy; light ~
  3. April; passing; scattered ~s
  4. a meteor; rain; thunder ~
  5. a sun ~ (esp. AE) ('rain that falls while the sun is shin-
 ing') ['party to which the guests are expected to bring
 gifts'] (AE)
  6. to make a  ~  for smb.
  7. a baby; bridal ~
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ on, upon (to ~ gifts on smb.)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ with (to ~ smb. with gifts)
showing
 n. ['performance'] 1. to make a ~
  2. a good; poor ~ (he made a poor ~)
show up
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ as (the incident ~ed him up as a charlatan)
  2. (s) he ~ed up drunk
shrapnel
 n. to catch a piece of ~ (in the leg)
shreds
 n. to rip, tear smt. to ~
shrewd
 adj. 1. ~ at
  2. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of her to do that)
shrewdness
 n. 1. to display ~
  2. ~ at
  3. the  ~  to + inf. (she had the ~ to buy real estate when the
 market was depressed)
shriek
 I n. 1. to let out a ~
  2. a loud ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with laughter)
shrine
 n. 1. to consecrate; create, establish a ~
  2. to desecrate a ~
  3. a sacred ~
  4. a ~ to
  5. at a ~ (to pray at a ~)
shrink
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from responsibility)
shrouded
 adj. ~ in (~ in mystery)
shrubbery, shrubs
 n. to prune; trim ~
shrug
 I n. with a ~ (of the shoulders)
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ at ('to express indifference to') (she
 ~ged at the suggestion)
shudder
 I n. a ~ ran (through the audience)
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at (to ~ at the thought of going back
 to work)
  2. (E) I ~ed to contemplate what lay ahead
shufty
 n. (slang) (BE) ['quick look'] to have, take a ~ at
shunt
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ onto, to (to ~ a train onto a siding)
shut
 v. l.(D;tr.)to~on(to~thedooronsmb.)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (they shut their eyes to poverty)
shut off
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ from
shutter
 n. ['shield in a camera') 1. to release the ~ ['window
 cover']
  2. to close; open the ~s
 shuttle I n. ['vehicle used on an established route'] 1. to
 take a ~
  2. a space ~
  3. a ~ between
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ between (these ships ~ between the two
 ports)
shy
 I adj. ['wary'] 1. ~ about, of (BE) ['lacking'] (esp. AE)
  2. ~ of (we are still a little ~ of our quota)
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (the horse shied at the noise)
shy away
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ from (they shied away from going through with
 the deal)
sic
 v. (D; tr.) ('to urge to attack') to ~ on (to  ~  a dog on smb.)
sick
 adj. 1. ~ at (~ at heart; ~ at the prospect of leaving home)
  2. ~ of (we are ~ of the red tape)
  3. (misc.) ~ to one's stomach; worried ~; to be ~ and tired of
 smt.
sick call
 n. (mil.) to go on ~
sicken
 v. (R) it ~ed me to watch him drink himself to death
sickening
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to watch them bicker constantly)
sickness
 n. 1. altitude, mountain; car; decompression; morning; motion,
 travel; radiation; sea; sleeping ~
  2. in ~ (and in health)
side
 I n. ['right or left part'] 1. the left; right ~
  2. the credit; debit ~ (of a ledger)
  3. on a ~ (on the sunny ~ of the street) ['faction, party']
  4. to take smb.'s ~; to take ~s ('to support a faction')
  5. the losing; right; winning; wrong ~
  6. on smb.'s ~ (of a dispute) ['direction']
  7. from a ~ (from the other ~; from all ~s)
  8. (to turn) to one ~ ['surface'] ['part']
  9. a far; near; reverse ~
  10. the east; north; south; west ~
  11. on a ~ (on the other ~; on the north ~ of the town square)
 ['aspect']
  12. the bright; dark, gloomy; humorous; practical ~ (of
 things); the seamy ~ of life
  13. a ~ to (there are two ~s to every question)
  14. (misc.) to study all ~s of a problem ['area near a
 person']
  15. at, by smb.'s ~ (she sat at my ~) ['shore, bank']
  16. on a ~ (on the other ~ of the river) ['arrogance']
 (slang) (BE)
  17. to put on ~ ['misc.']
  18. to tutor smb. on the ~ ('to tutor smb. part-time'); we
 split our ~s laughing ('we laughed long and hard'); time is on
 our ~ ('time is working for us'); on smb.'s ~ (of the family);
 he's a bit on the short ~ (see the Usage Note for team)
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ against; with
sidelines
 n. on the ~ ('out of action')
sidestroke
 n. to do, swim the ~
siding
 n. ['material attached to the outside of a building'] (AE) 1.
 to install ~
  2. aluminum ~ ['short stretch of railway track']
  3. a railway ~
  4. on a ~
sidle up
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (she ~d up to me)
siege
 n. 1. to conduct a ~ of; to lay ~ to
  2. to lift, raise a ~
  3. a state of ~ (in a state of ~)
  4. at, during a ~ (he was killed at the ~ of Leningrad)
  5. under ~ (a city under ~)
siesta
 n. to have a ~
sieve
 n. to pass smt. through a ~
sift
 v. 1. to ~ carefully
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ fact from fiction)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ through (to ~ through the debris)
sigh
 n. 1. to breathe, heave a ~ (of relief)
  2. a deep, profound ~
sight
 n. ['view'] 1. to catch; keep ~ of
  2. to lose ~ of
  3. at (the) ~ (to faint at the ~ of blood; to fall in love at
 first ~)
  4. by ~ (to know smb. by ~)
  5. in, within ~ (the ship was no longer in ~)
  6. on ~ (to shoot looters on ~)
  7. out of ~
  8. (misc.) to come into ~ ['something seen']
  9. a beautiful; comical, funny; disturbing; familiar;
 horrendous, horrible; memorable; pitiful; pleasant; sorry;
 thrilling; ugly; unpleasant ~ ['device used to aim a gun']
  10. to adjust one's ~s
  11. to line up one's ~s
  12. a front; panoramic; peep; rear; telescopic ~
  13. (misc.) to have smb. in one's ~s ['ability to see']
  14. keen ~
sighting
 n. a confirmed; radar; visual ~
sights
 n. ['aspirations'] 1. to set one's ~ on (she set her ~ on a
 career in politics)
  2. to lower; raise one's ~
  3. (misc.) to set one's ~ high ['something worth seeing']
  4. to see, take in the ~ (the tourists took in the ~)
sign
 n. ['indication'] 1. to give, show a ~ (he showed ~s of
 advanced emphysema; they showed no ~s of life)
  2. an encouraging; sure, telltale, unmistakable ~
  3. vital ~s ('basic indications of life')
  4. a ~ that + clause (there had been no ~ that the volcano
 would erupt) ['mark, symbol']
  5. a minus; plus ~
  6. a dollar ~
  7. a call ~ ('identifying letters of a radio station')
 ['marker'] ['placard']
  8. to post, put up; set up a ~
  9. a for sale; no trespassing; road, traffic ~
  10. (esp. AE) a ~ that + clause (the police put up a ~ that the
 road was closed) ['misc. ']
  11. to make the ~ of the cross
signal
 I n. ['sign'] ['message'] 1. to flash, give, send a ~
  2. a clear, unmistakable ~
  3. a smoke ~ (Indians used to send up smoke ~s)
  4. a turn ~ (AE; BE has traffic indicator)
  5. (AE) a traffic ~
  6. a storm ~
  7. a ~ from; to
  8. a ~ to + inf. (the ~ to attack)
  9. a ~ that + clause (the troops received the ~ that the attack
 was to begin)
  10. at, on a ~ (the raid began at a given ~)
  11. (misc.) (Am. football) to call the ~s (also fig.)
 ['electrical impulses']
  12. a radar; shortwave ~
 II v. 1. to ~ wildly
  2. (B) they ~ed their position to us
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for help)
  4. (H) he ~ed us to come closer
  5. (L; to; may have an object) the radio operator ~ed (to us)/
 ~ed (us) that the ship was in distress
  6. (misc.) she ~ed for us to come closer
signature
 n. 1. to affix; scrawl one's ~
  2. to forge smb.'s ~
significance
 n. 1. to acquire; have ~ for
  2. to be of ~ to
significant
 adj. 1. ~ for, to
  2. ~ to + inf. (it was ~  to note that the story did not appear
 in the newspapers)
  3. ~ that + clause (it is  ~  that our ambassador was not
 invited)
signify
 v. (L) their statements  ~  that no action will be taken
sign on
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to  ~  as (to  ~  as a seaman)
  2. (misc.) (BE) to ~ for the dole
sign over
 v. (B) she ~ed over the property to her children
sign up
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ as (to ~ as a volunteer)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (she ~ed up for an evening course;
 to ~ smb. up for a course)
  3. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ with (they ~ed up with the volunteers)
  4. (E) they ~ed up to serve as volunteers
  5. (H) they ~ed us up to serve as volunteers
silence
 n. 1. to impose ~
  2. to keep, maintain, observe ~
  3. to break (the) ~
  4. (an) awkward; dead; eerie; hushed; ominous; prolonged; stony
 ~
  5. (a) complete, perfect, total, utter; stony; stunned ~
  6. ~ reigns
  7. in ~ (we were received in ~)
  8. (misc.) radio ~
silent
 adj. to keep, remain ~
silhouetted
 adj. ~ against, on (~ against a light background)
silk
 n. ['fine fabric'] 1. to spin ~
  2. fine ~
  3. natural; synthetic ~ ['misc.'] (BE) to take ~ ('to become
 a King's Counsel or Queen's Counsel)
silkworm
 n. 1. to keep (BE), raise (esp. AE), rear (BE) ~s
  2. ~s spin cocoons
silly
 adj. 1. ~ about
  2. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of her to say that)
  3. (misc.) to make smb. look ~
silver
 n. sterling ~
similar
 adj. 1. strikingly ~
  2. ~ in (~ in outlook)
  3. ~ to (this specimen is ~ to that one)
similarity
 n. 1. to bear (a) ~
  2. a striking ~
  3. a ~ among, between; to
simple
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to do the job = it was a ~ job to do)
simultaneous
 adj. ~ with
sin
 I n. 1. to commit a ~
  2. to expiate; recant a ~
  3. to forgive smb.'s ~
  4. a deadly; inexpiable; mortal; unforgivable, unpardonable;
 venial ~
  5. original ~
  6. a ~ against
  7. a ~ to + inf. (it's a ~ to tell a lie)
  8. a ~ that + clause (it's a ~ that her talents are being
 wasted)
  9. (misc.) (obsol.) to live in ~ ('to live together without
 being married')
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ against
sincerity
 n. 1. to demonstrate, show ~
  2. (misc.) to doubt smb.'s ~; in all ~
sinful
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ to waste so much food)
sing
 v. 1. (C; more rarely A) ~ a song for/to us; or: ~ us a song
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ about, of
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~fo a piano accompaniment)
  4. (D; intr.) to ~ with
  5. (misc.) to ~ in tune; to ~ out of tune; to ~ a baby to sleep
singer
 n. a folk ~
single file
 n. (to walk) in ~
single out
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ for (to ~ smb. out for special treatment)
sink
 I n. the bathroom (AE; BE has handbasin, wash-hand basin);
 kitchen ~
 II v. 1.(d; intr.) to ~ below (to ~ below the surface)
  2. (d; intr., tr.) to  ~  into (to ~ into oblivion; to ~ one's
 teeth into a good steak)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to the bottom)
sip
 n. to take a ~
siren
 n. 1. to sound, turn on a ~
  2. an air-raid; ambulance ~
  3. a ~ goes off, rings, sounds, wails
sister
 n. 1. a big, older; kid (colloq.), little, younger; twin ~
  2. a foster; half ~; stepsister
  3. a lay; soul ~
  4. a ~ to (she was like a ~ to us)
sit
 v. 1. to ~ quietly, still
  2. (d; intr.) ('to pose') to ~ for (to ~ for a portrait)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to be a member of) (to ~ on a
 committee)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ through (we had to ~ through the whole
 boring speech)
  5. (misc.) to ~ tight ('to refrain from taking action'); to ~
 for an examination/to ~ an examination (BE) ('to take an
 examination'); to ~ on the bench ('to be a judge'); to be ~ting
 pretty ('to be well off)
sit down
 v. 1. to ~ hard
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to a meal)
site
 n. a battlefield; camping; construction ~
sit-in
 n. to conduct, hold; organize, stage a ~
sit in
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to attend') to ~ as (she sat in as our
 representative)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ for ('to replace') (she sat in for me while
 I was out of town)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to attend') (we sat in on a few
 meetings)
sitter
 n. a baby; house ~
sitting duck
 n. ['easy target'] a ~ for
situation
 n. 1. to comprehend, grasp, take in a ~
  2. to accept a ~
  3. an awkward; crisis, emergency; critical; delicate;
 desperate; embarrassing; explosive; fluid; hopeless, no-win
 (colloq.); intolerable; life-and-death; stable; tricky;
 unpleasant ~
  4. the housing; international, world; political ~
  5. (misc.) to take stock of the ~ USAGE NOTE: Some purists
 prefer the simple words crisis and emergency to phrases such as
 crisis situation and emergency situation.
sit-up
 n. ['exercise'] to do ~s
situp
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with a sick child)
sit well
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ with ('to be accepted by') (such behavior
 doesn't  ~  with them)
six-shooter
 n. see pistol 1-4,6
size
 n. 1. to take (colloq.), wear (a) certain ~ (what ~ do you
 wear?)
  2. an enormous, tremendous; large; moderate; small ~
  3. the right; wrong ~ (they gave me the wrong ~)
  4. boys'; children's; girls'; junior; men's; misses'; women's
 ~s5. life ~
  6. of acertain ~ (of tremendous ~)
  7. (misc.) what ~ shirt do you wear?
skate
 n. 1. an ice; roller ~
  2. a pair of ~s
skate over
 n. (D; intr.) to ~ to (she ~d over to us)
skater
 n. a figure; speed  ~
skating
 n. figure; ice; roller; speed ~
skeleton
 n. a human ~
skeptical, sceptical
 adj. ~ about, of
skepticism, scepticism
 n. 1. to demonstrate, display ~
  2. to maintain (a) ~
  3. ~ about (to maintain a healthy ~ about smt.)
  4. (misc.) an air of ~
sketch
 n. ['drawing'] 1. to draw, make a ~
  2. a composite ~
  3. a rough ~ ['short essay']
  4. a brief, thumbnail ~
  5. a biographical ~
skid
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (cars often ~ on ice)
skid row
 see row 13
skill
 n. 1. to acquire, master; hone a ~
  2. to demonstrate, display, show ~
  3. consummate, great ~
  4. diplomatic; professional; technical ~
  5. marketable ~s
  6. ~ at, in; with (~ at/in using a computer; ~ with one's
 hands)
  7. the ~ to + inf. (she had the ~ to cope with a difficult job)
  8. (misc.) to market one's ~s
skilled
 adj. 1. highly ~
  2. ~ at, in; with
skillful, skilful
 adj. ~ at, in; with (~ at tying knots; ~ with one's hands)
skim
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ through ('to read quickly') (to ~ through
 an article)
  2. (P; intr., tr.) ('to bounce') the boy ~med stones along the
 surface of the water
skimp
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on food)
skin
 I n. 1. to tan a ~
  2. to cast, shed, slip one's ~ (the snake shed its ~)
  3. chapped; coarse, rough; dark; delicate; dry; fair; fine;
 irritated; light; oily; sensitive; smooth; soft ~
  4. human ~
  5. (after sunburn) ~ blisters; peels
  6. (misc.) to save one's ~ ('to save one's life'); a thick ~
 ('insensitivity'); a thin ~ ('excessive sensitivity'); to get
 under smb.'s ~ ('to irritate smb.')
 II v. (N; used with an adjective) to ~ smb. alive ('to punish
 smb. severely')
skirmish
 I n. 1. a border; minor ~
  2. a ~ between; with
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ with
skirt
 n. 1. to hem; lengthen; shorten a ~
  2. a divided; full; gored ~; miniskirt; pleated; slit;
 wraparound ~
skis
 n. water ~
skit
 n. to do a ~ on
skunk
 n. (misc.) to smell a ~ (esp. AE; colloq.) ('to sense trouble')
sky
 n. 1. a blue, clear, cloudless; cloudy; dull, gray, overcast,
 sullen; starry ~
  2. a ~ clears up; clouds up, clouds over
  3. a patch of (blue) ~
  4. in the ~
skyline
 n. an imposing; jagged ~
slab
 n. a concrete; marble; mortuary; stone ~
slack
 n. ['part that hangs loose'] to take up the ~ (of a rope)
slacks
 n. a pair of ~
slander
 n. to spread ~
slang
 n. student; underworld ~
slanted
 adj. ['biased'] ~ against; towards (the article was ~ against
 our viewpoint)
slap
 I n. 1. to give smb. a ~ (in the face)
  2. (misc.) a ~ in the face ('a direct insult'); a ~ on the
 wrist ('a gentle reprimand')
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to strike') to ~ against (the waves were
 ~ping against the sides of the boat)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to strike') to ~ in (to ~ smb. in the face)
  3. (d; tr.) ('to impose') to ~ on (to  ~  new restrictions on
 exporters)
  4. (misc.) to ~ smb. on the wrist ('to reprimand smb. gently')
slash
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (to ~ at smb. with a knife)
slate
 I n. ['record of past performance'] a clean ~ (to start off
 with a clean ~)
 II v. (colloq.) (BE) (D; tr.) ('to criticize severely') to ~ for
 (the play was ~d for its dialogue)
slated
 adj. (AE) ['scheduled'] (cannot stand alone) 1. ~ for (~ for
 promotion)
  2. ~ to + int. (she is ~ to be promoted soon)
slaughter
 n. indiscriminate, mass, wanton, wholesale  ~
slave
 I n. 1. to free, liberate a  ~
  2. a fugitive, runaway ~
  3. (fig.) a ~ to (a ~ to a habit)
  4. (misc.) to buy; sell ~s
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ over (to ~ over a hot stove)
slave away
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at; over (to ~ over a hot stove)
slavery
 n. 1. to establish, introduce ~
  2. to abolish ~
  3. white ~
sledding
 n. (colloq.) (AE) ['progress'] rough, tough ~
sleep
 I n. 1. to induce ~
  2. to get (enough) ~
  3. deep, heavy, profound, sound; fitful; light; restful ~
  4. (misc.) to go to ~; to walk in one's ~; to put to ~ ('to
 kill'); ('to make unconscious'); to lose ~ over ('to worry a
 great deal about'); one's beauty ~; to get/have a good night's ~
 II v. 1. to ~ fitfully; lightly; soundly
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to postpone for a day') (to ~ on a
 decision)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ with ('to have sexual relations with')
  4. (misc.) my foot went to ~
sleeper
 n. a heavy, sound; light ~
sleeve
 n. 1. to roll up one's ~s
  2. (misc.) to have smt. up one's ~ ('to have a secret'); to
 roll up one's ~s and get down to work ('to get down to serious
 work')
slice
 I n. 1. to cut off a ~ of
  2. a thick; thin ~
 II v. 1. (C) ~ a piece of meat for me; or: ~ me a piece of meat
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ into the bread)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ through (the icebreaker ~d through the ice)
  4. (N; used with an adjective) she ~d the bread thin
slick
 n. an oil ~
slide
 I n. a hair ~ (BE; AE has barrette)
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ down (to ~ down a hill)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ from, out of (the glass slid from her hand)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ into (the car skidded and slid into a ditch)
  4. (AE) (baseball) (D; intr.) to ~ into ('to occupy by
 sliding') (he slid into second base)
slide rule
 n. to operate, use a ~
slides
 n. 1. to project, show ~
  2. to mount ~
slight
 n. (lit.) ['slur'] a ~ on, to (a ~ on smb.'s honor)
slime
 n. ~ oozes
sling
 I n. in a ~ (her arm was in a ~)
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ at (to ~ stones at smb.
  2. (misc.) to ~ mud at smb.) ('to slander smb.')
slink
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ through the bushes
slip
 I n. ['error'] 1. to make a ~ (of the tongue)
  2. a Freudian ~ ['escape'] (colloq.)
  3. to give smb. the ~ ['piece of paper']
  4. a credit (BE), deposit ~ (in a bank); a sales ~ (AE)
  5. a call ~ ('request for a library book')
  6. a pink ~ ('notice of termination of employment')
  7. a rejection ~ ('notification that a manuscript has been
 rejected by a publisher')
 II v. 1. (A) ('to hand') she ~ped a note to me; or: she ~ped me
 a note
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ by, past ('to get by unnoticed') (they
 easily ~ped by the roadblock)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ from, out of ('to fall from') (the glass
 ~ped out of her hand)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to move quickly') to ~ into (to ~ into a room)
  5. (d; intr.) to — into ('to change into') (to ~ into smt. more
 comfortable; to ~ into a dressing gown)
  6. (d; tr.) to ~ into ('to insert surreptitiously') (to ~ a
 clause into a contract; she ~ped a note into his hand)
  7. (D; intr.) ('to slide and fall') to ~ on (he ~ped on a
 banana peel)
  8. (d; intr.) ('to move quickly') to ~ out of (to ~ out of a
 house)
  9. (d; intr.) to ~ out of ('to take off) (he ~ped out of his
 sweat suit)
  10. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ through ('to pass through; to cause to
 pass through') (several scouts ~ped through their lines; we were
 able to ~ an agent through their security net; the opportunity
 ~ped through his fingers)
slipcovers
 n. (AE) 1. to make ~
  2. to put on ~
  3. custom-made ~
slippers
 n. 1. house ~
  2. a pair of ~
slip up
 v. (D; intr.) ('to blunder') to ~ on (she ~ped up on the last
 question)
slit
 I n. a narrow ~
 II v. (N; used with an adjective) she slit the envelope open
slither
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ along the ground
slobber
 v. (colloq.) to ~ all over smb.
slog
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ through the mud
slogan
 n. 1. to coin a ~
  2. a catchy ~
slog away
 v. (D;intr.) to ~ at (to keep ~ging away at one's homework)
slope
 I n. a gentle, gradual ~
 II v. 1. to ~ gently, gradually
  2. (P; intr.) the river bank ~s to the east
slosh
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ through the snow
slot
 n. (colloq.) ['position'] to fill; fit into a ~
slot machine
 n. (AE) ['gambling device'] to play a ~ (BE has fruit machine)
slouch
 n. (colloq.) ['incompetent person'] no ~ at (she is no ~ at
 getting things done)
slouch down
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ behind (she ~ed down behind the steering
 wheel)
slow
 adj. 1. ~ at, in (she was  ~  in reacting)
  2. ~ to + inf. (she was ~ to react)
slow burn
 n. (slang) (AE) to do a  ~  ('to become angry gradually')
slowdown
 n. an economic ~
slow motion
 n. ['slow-motion photography'] in ~ (they showed the finish in
 ~)
sludge
 n. activated ~
slug
 v. (colloq.) (0) (can be used with one animate object) ('to
 punch') I'll ~ you one
slum
 v. to go  ~ming
slumber
 n. deep ~
slump
 I n. a business, economic ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (the ground)
slums
 n. 1. to clean up, clear away, tear down ~
  2. festering; inner-city, urban ~
slur
 I n. ['insult'] 1. to cast a ~
  2. an ethnic, racial ~
  3. a ~ on (his remark was a ~ on my character)
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ over ('to minimize') (to ~ over a blunder)
slut
 n. a common ~
smack
 I v. (colloq.) (0) (can be used with one animate object) I'll ~
 you one
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ of ('to suggest') (to ~ of treason)
smallpox
 n. 1. to contract, develop ~
  2. a ~ epidemic (there have been no ~ epidemics for many years)
small talk
 n. to make ~
smart
 I adj. ['impudent'] (colloq.) 1. to get ~ with (don't get ~
 with me) ['shrewd']
  2. ~ to + inf. (she was ~ to refuse; it was ~ of him to
 reinvest his money)
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at, over (to ~ at an insult)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ under (to ~ under injustice)
smash
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ into another car)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ through (to ~ through a fence)
smattering
 n. to acquire, pick up a ~ of (they have picked up a ~ of the
 language)
smear
 n. (med.) 1. to do, take a ~
  2. a Pap ~ (they did a Pap ~ on each patient)
smell
 I n. 1. to give off a ~
  2. an acrid; bad, disagreeable, foul; faint, slight;
 persistent; rank; strong; sweet ~
  3. a ~ of (the ~ of paint)
 II v. 1.(D; intr.) to ~ like, of (to ~ of fish)
  2. (J) we ~ed smt. burning
  3. (s) the food ~s good
smile
 I n. 1. to crack, flash a ~ at
  2. to give smb. a ~
  3. to evoke a  ~
  4. to hide, repress a ~
  5. a beguiling, intriguing; cheerful, happy; disarming; fixed;
 forced; infectious; radiant; ready; sardonic; sunny;
 supercilious ~
  6. (misc.) they are all ~s at the good news
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at (she ~d at me)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to favor') (fortune ~d on us)
  3. (misc.) to ~ from ear to ear
smirk
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at
smite
 v. (rare; formal) (N; used with an adjective) to ~ smb. dead
smithereens
 n. to break, smash smt. into, to ~
smitten
 adj. ['affected'] (formal) 1. ~ by, with (~ by disease)
 ['infatuated'] (colloq.)
  2. ~ by, with (he was totally ~ with her)
smoke
 n. ['gaseous products of burning'] 1. to belch, emit, give off
 ~  (chimneys belch ~)
  2. to inhale ~
  3. heavy, thick; light ~
  4. ~ pours from (a chimney)
  5. ~ eddies, spirals (upward)
  6. a column; pall; puff; wisp of  ~  ['act of smoking']
  7. to have a ~
  8. (to go out) for a ~
smoker
 n. a chain; habitual, heavy, inveterate ~
smoke screen
 n. to lay (down) a ~
smooth
 adj. 1. ~  to (~ to the touch)
  2. (misc.) as ~ as silk
smuggle
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ across (to ~ goods across a border)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ by, past, through (to ~ a diamond past
 customs)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ currency into a country)
  4. (D; tr.) to ~ out of (to ~ stolen goods out of a country)
smuggling
 n. to engage in ~
smut
 n. (esp. AE) a ~ peddler
snack
 n. 1. to have a ~
  2. to fix ('prepare') a ~
  3. a between-meal; midnight ~; party ~s
snag
 n. ['obstacle'] (colloq.) 1. to hit a ~ ['jagged tear']
  2. to get a ~ (in one's stocking)
snake
 I n. 1. a poisonous, venomous ~
  2. ~s bite, strike; coil; crawl; hibernate; hiss; molt, shed
 skin
  3. (misc.) a ~ in the grass ('a treacherous person')
 II v. (colloq.) he ~d his way through the crowd
snap
 I n. ['spell of weather'] 1. a cold ~ ['something easy']
 (colloq.)
  2. a ~ to + inf. (it was a ~ to find information about that
 author = it was a ~ finding information about that author)
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at (the dog ~ped at him; to ~ at the
 bait)
  2. (misc.) to ~ to attention; to ~ out of a bad mood
snapshot
 n. to take a ~
snarl
 v. 1. (B) he ~ed a few words to me
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ at
snatch
 I n. ['fragment'] to catch ~es (of conversation)
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ at (she ~ed at the line that the
 sailors threw to her)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ from, out of (he ~ed the purse from her hand)
sneak
 v. (P; intr.) the boy ~ed into the theater; to ~ around in the
 bushes
sneak up
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on, to (he ~ed up to them)
sneaky
 adj. (colloq.) ~ of (that was ~ of him)
sneer
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at
sneeze
 v. (colloq.) (d; intr.) to ~ at ('to consider lightly') (don't ~
 at their offer)
sniff
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (the dog ~ed at her)
snipe
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (the press keeps ~ing at her)
snit
 n. (colloq. )(AE) ['state of agitation'] in a ~
snook
 n. (colloq.) (BE) to cock a ~ at ('to thumb one's nose at')
snore
 I n. a loud ~
 II v. to ~ loudly
snow
 I n. 1. drifting; driving, heavy; light ~
  2. crisp; new-fallen ~
  3. ~ falls; melts; sticks
  4. a blanket of ~
  5. in the ~ (to play in the ~)
  6. (misc.) to shovel ~; as white as  ~
 II v. to ~ hard, heavily; lightly
snowball
 I n. to throw a ~ at
 II v. (D; intr.) ('to expand') to ~ into
snowball fight
 n. to have a ~
snowfall
 n. a heavy; light ~
snow job
 n. (colloq.) ['deception, flattery'] to give smb. a ~
snowman
 n. to build, make a ~
snowshoes
 n. 1. a pair of ~
  2. (to walk) on ~
snowstorm
 n. see storm 1 2
snub
 n. a deliberate; obvious ~
snuff
 n. 1. to take ~
  2. a pinch of ~
  3. (misc.) not up to ~ ('not up to an acceptable standard')
snuggle
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ against (the children ~d against each other)
snuggle up
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (the little girl ~d up to her doll)
soak
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ into (the water ~ed into the soil)
soap
 n. 1. face; laundry; liquid; powdered; saddle; scented; toilet ~
  2. a bar, cake of ~
sob
 I n. a bitter ~
 II v. 1. to ~ bitterly
  2. (B) the child  ~bed a few words to us
  3. (misc.) to ~ oneself to sleep
sober
 adj. cold, stone ~
socialism
 n. 1. Fabian; Utopian
  2. under ~ (to live under ~)
social work
 n. to do ~
society
 n. ['group, association'] 1. to establish, found, set up a ~
  2. to disband, dissolve a ~
  3. a burial; historical; honor; humane; learned; literary;
 medical; musical; secret ~
  4. a friendly (BE), mutual-aid (AE) ~
  5. a building ~ (BE; AE has building and loan association)
 ['community']
  6. to polarize; unite a ~
  7. an advanced; affluent; civilized; closed; open; pluralistic;
 primitive ~ ['class']
  8. high; polite ~
  9. in ~ (such words are not used in polite ~)
sock
 I n. 1. to knit ~s
  2. to darn, mend a ~
  3. athletic; knee; stretch; tube ~s
  4. a pair of ~s
 II v. (colloq.) to ~ it to smb. ('to speak to smb., act towards
 smb. in a very forceful manner')
socket
 n. a wall ~
soda
 n. ['form of sodium'] 1. baking; caustic; washing ~
 ['beverage']
  2. (a) club; cream; ice-cream ~ ['soda water']
  3. a dash of ~
  4. (misc.) (a) whiskey and ~
sodomy
 n. to commit, practice ~
soft
 adj. (colloq.) ['attracted'] 1. ~ on (he is ~ on her)
 ['lenient']
  2. ~ on (this judge is not ~ on drunk drivers)
soft spot
 n. ['weakness'] to have a ~ for
software
 n. computer; proprietary; public-domain
soil
 n. 1. to cultivate, till, work the ~
  2. to fertilize; irrigate the ~
  3. barren, poor; fertile; firm; packed; sandy; soggy; swampy ~
solace
 n. 1. to find ~ in
  2. a ~ to (she was a ~ to her parents)
solder
 n. to apply; melt ~
soklier
 n. 1. an armed; common; foot; professional; seasoned ~
  2. a ~ defects, deserts; enlists; fights; goes AWOL; reenlists;
 serves; trains
  3. (misc.) the Unknown Soldier
sole
 I n. ['bottom part of a shoe'] 1. to put (new) ~s on shoes
  2. a half ~
 II n. ['type of fish'] fillet of ~
solicitor
 n. 1. The Solicitor General ('the assistant attorney general')
  2. (GB) barristers and ~s
solicitous
 adj. ~ about, of
solicitude
 n. to show ~ for
solid
 adj. to be in ~ with smb.
solidarity
 n. 1. to express; feel; show ~
  2. ~ with (to express one's ~ with the protestors)
solitaire
 n. (AE) ['card game'] to play ~ (BE has patience)
solitary confinement
 n. 1. to put smb. into ~
  2. in
solitude
 n. 1. complete, utter ~
  2. in ~ (to live in complete ~)
solo
 I adv. to dance; fly; perform; play; sing ~
 II n. to perform a ~
solstice
 n. the summer; winter ~
solution
 n. ['answer'] ['explanation'] 1. to find a ~
  2. to apply a ~
  3. an easy; glib; ideal; ingenious; neat; satisfactory ~
  4. a ~ for, to (a ~ to a problem) ['mixture']
  5. a strong; weak ~
  6. a saline ~
some
 pronoun, determiner 1. ~ to + inf. (we have ~ to sell; we have ~
 books to sell)
  2. ~ of (~ of them) USAGE NOTE: The use of the preposition of is
 necessary when a pronoun follows. When a noun follows, the use
 of of the limits the meaning--we saw some people; we saw some of
 the people whom we had discussed earlier, (see also the Usage
 Note for something)
somebody
 pronoun ~ to + inf. (we have ~ to talk to) (see also the Usage
 Note for something)
someone
 see somebody
someplace
  (AE)see somewhere
somersault
 n. to do, execute, turn a ~
something
 n., pronoun 1. an indefinable, indescribable, intangible ~
  2. ~ for (she has ~ for you)
  3. ~ to + inf. (we have ~ to say)
  4. (misc.) to make ~ of oneself ('to have success in life');
 ('slang') I don't know if he wants to make ~ of it ('I don't
 know if he wants to make an issue of if); there is ~ unusual
 about them; she is ~ of a celebrity USAGE NOTE: The form some
 and its compounds are often used in affirmative statements,
 whereas any and its compounds are often used in neg. and
 interrogative statements. Compare we have some books to sell--we
 don't have any books to sell; we have something to say--do you
 have anything to say? we have somebody to talk to--we don't have
 anybody to talk to; we have somewhere to go--do you have
 anywhere to go? However, in the meaning 'no matter', any and its
 compounds occur in affirmative statements--we will take any of
 these; they can say anything they want; we will talk to anyone;
 we will go anywhere. Some and its compounds can occur in
 questions, especially when an affirmative answer is expected--
 don't you have something to say to me? would you like some
 brandy?
somewhere
 adv. ~ to + inf. (we have ~ to go) (see also the Usage Note for
 something)
son
 n. 1. to adopt a ~
  2. to marry off a ~
  3. an only ~
  4. an adopted; foster ~; stepson
  5. a ~ to (he was like a ~ to them)
  6. (misc.) a favorite ~ (AE; pol.); a prodigal ~ (fig.)
song
 n. 1. to compose, write a ~
  2. to belt out (colloq.), sing; hum; play; whistle a ~ (the
 orchestra was playing our ~)
  3. a drinking; folk; love; marching; theme ~
  4. a swan ('farewell') ~
  5. (misc.) the same old ~ ('the same story, complaint')
sonic barrier
 n. to break the ~
sonic boom
 n. to cause, generate, produce a ~
sonnet
 n. 1. to compose, write a ~
  2. an Italian, Petrarchan; Shakespearean; Spenserian ~
sop
 n. ['concession'] to throw a ~ to
sophistication
 n. the ~ to + inf. (will she have enough ~ to deal with their
 questions?)
sophistry
 n. 1. pure ~
  2. ~ to + inf. (it's pure ~ to rationalize such behavior)
soprano
 n. to sing ~
sorcery
 n. to practice ~
sore
 I adj. ['angry'] (colloq.) (esp. AE) 1. ~ at (why is she ~ at
 me?)
  2. ~ over (~ over smb.'s remark) ['hurt']
  3. ~ from (~ from riding horseback)
 II n. a bedsore; canker; cold; open, running; saddle ~
sore throat
 n. to come down with; have a ~
sorority
 n. (US) 1. to pledge a ~ ('to agree to join a sorority')
  2. a college ~ (see also fraternity)
sorrow
 n. 1. to cause ~
  2. to express; feel; show ~
  3. to alleviate smb.'s ~
  4. deep, great, inexpressible, keen, profound ~
  5. personal ~
  6. ~ at (to feel deep ~ at the death of a friend)
  7. to smb.'s ~ (to my great ~ I never saw them again)
sorry
 adj. 1. dreadfully, terribly ~
  2. ~ about
  3. ~ for (she is ~ for him; we are ~ for being late)
  4. ~ to + inf. (I am ~ to inform you that your application has
 been rejected)
  5. ~ that + clause (we are  ~ that you weren't able to come)
sort
 n. a bad; curious; good ~ (a curious ~ of a life)
sortie
 n. 1. to carry out, make a ~
  2. to fly a ~
sort of
 adv. (colloq.) ['more or less'] I ~ expected it (to happen)
SOS
 n. to broadcast, send an ~
soul
 n. 1. to save smb.'s ~
  2. an artistic; immortal; kindly; kindred; lost; poor; timid ~
sound
 I adj. ['healthy'] ~ in, of (~ in mind and body)
 II n. 1. to emit, make, produce, utter; transmit a ~
  2. to articulate, enunciate, pronounce a ~
  3. to turn down; turn up the ~ (on a radio, TV set)
  4. to carry ~ (air carries ~s)
  5. a faint; hollow; loud; rasping; soft ~
  6. ~ travels (much slower than light)
  7. a ~ rings out
  8. to a ~ (to the ~ of music)
 III v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ like (that ~s like a great idea)
  2. (BE) (S) that ~s a great idea
  3. (s) their excuse ~ed reasonable
sound barrier
 n. to break the ~
sound off
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) to ~ against ('to criticize') (to ~
 against an idea)
soup
 n. 1. to eat; make ~
  2. clear; cold; hot; thick; warm ~
  3. cabbage; celery; chicken; onion; pea; tomato; vegetable ~
  4. a bowl; cup of ~
sour
 adj. to go, turn ~ (things went ~; the whole affair turned ~)
source
 n. 1. to tap a ~
  2. to cite; disclose, indicate, reveal one's ~s
  3. an impeccable, unimpeachable; reliable, reputable,
 trustworthy; unreliable ~
  4. an undisclosed, unnamed ~
  5. an original ~
  6. an energy ~
  7. ~s dry up
  8. at a ~ (it is best to make inquiries at the original ~s)
  9. (misc.) ~s close to the government revealed that...
south
 I adj., adv. 1. directly, straight ~
  2. ~ of (~ of the city)
  3. (misc.) to go/head ~
 II n. 1. in, to the ~
  2. (misc.) down ~
South Pole
 n. at the ~
sovereignty
 n. 1. to grant ~
  2. to establish ~
  3. to violate a country's ~
  4. ~ over
space
 n. 1. to save ~
  2. breathing ~; (an) empty ~
  3. a crawl; parking ~
  4. office; storage ~
  5. airspace; interplanetary, interstellar, outer ~
  6. (a) ~ between
  7. ~ for
  8. (misc.) the (wide) open ~s; to indent several ~s; to violate
 a country's airspace
spacebar
 n. (on a typewriter) to press a ~
spacecraft
 n. a manned ~ (see the Usage Note for ship)
spaceflight
 n. 1. a manned; unmanned ~
  2. a ~ to (a ~ to the moon)
space probe
 n. to launch a ~
space vehicle
 n. to launch a ~ (see the Usage Note for ship)
spacing
 n. (on a typewriter) double; single ~
span
 n. 1. a brief ~
  2. an attention; life; memory ~
  3. in a ~ (in the brief ~ of ten years)
spanking
 n. 1. to give smb. a (good) ~
  2. to get a ~
  3. (misc.) to deserve a ~
spanner
 n. a box ~ (BE; AE has lug wrench)
spare
 v. 1. (C) can you ~ a few minutes for me today? or: can you ~ me
 a few minutes today?
  2. (0; can be used with one animate object) ~ us the details; he
 wanted to ~ you embarrassment
sparing
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ of
spark
 n. 1. to emit, produce a ~
  2. ~s fly
sparrow
 n. 1. ~s chirp
  2. a flock of ~s
spasm
 n. a muscle ~
spat
 I n. ['quarrel'] to have a ~ with
 II v. (D; intr.) ('to quarrel') to ~ with
speak
 v. 1. ('to talk') to ~ bluntly, candidly, frankly, freely;
 coherently; correctly; fluently; glibly; incorrectly;
 irresponsibly; loudly; openly; politely; quickly, rapidly;
 quietly, softly; responsi-biy; rudely; slowly; truthfully
  2. (D; intr.) ('to talk') to ~ about, of (to ~ about politics)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to be a spokesperson for') (she spoke
 for all of us; who will ~ for the accused?)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to talk') to ~ from (to ~ from the heart; to ~
 from experience)
  5. (d; intr.) ('to converse') to ~ in (they were ~ing in
 English; more usu. is: they were  ~ing English)
  6. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to address') (she spoke to the crowd; to
 ~ to the subject; to ~ to the question on the agenda; don't ~ to
 him)
  7. (D; intr.) ('to converse') to ~ to, with (she spoke to me
 about several things; I spoke with them for an hour)
  8. (misc.) to ~ well of smb. ('to praise smb.'); to ~ ill of
 smb. ('to criticize smb.'); it ~s for itself ('it is self-
 evident'); roughly ~ing ('approximately'); strictly ~ ('in
 concrete terms')
speaker
 n. ['one who speaks'] 1. a native ~ (of a language)
  2. an effective, good; fluent ~
  3. a guest; public ~ (she is a good public ~) ['device that
 amplifies sound']
  4. an extension ~; loudspeaker
speaking
 n. public ~
speaking terms
 n. to be on ~ with smb.
speak out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ about, concerning, on (to ~ on a subject)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ against ('to oppose') (to ~ against a
 proposal)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to support') (to ~ for a proposal)
speak up
 see speak out
spear
 n. 1. to hurl, throw a ~ at
  2. to thrust a ~ into
spearhead
 n. 1. to send out a ~
  2. an armored ~
special
 adj. ~ to
specialist
 n. 1. to call in; consult a ~
  2. a ~ in, on (a ~ in plastic surgery; a ~ on Milton)
specialize
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ in
species
 n. 1. an endangered ~
  2. a ~ becomes extinct, dies out; survives
specifications
 n. 1. to adhere to, meet ~
  2. rigid ~
specify
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ by (to ~ smb. by name)
  2. (L) the contract ~fies that a penalty must be paid if the
 work is not completed on time
  3. (Q) the instructions ~ how the medicine is to be taken
specimen
 n. a blood; sputum; stool; urine ~
specs
  (colloq.)see spectacles
spectacle
 n. ['show, exhibition'] 1. to stage a ~
  2. a dramatic ~ ['object of curiosity']
  3. to make a ~ of oneself
  4. a pitiful ~
spectacles
 n. (now esp. BE) a pair of ~
spectators
 n. to seat ~ (the stadium seats sixty thousand ~)
spectrum
 n. a broad, wide ~
speculate
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to meditate, think') to ~ about, on (to ~
 about what might have been)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to conduct business by taking risks') to ~ in;
 on (to ~ in oil shares; to ~ in gold; to ~ on the stock market)
  3. (L) ('to assume, think') they ~d that the election results
 would be close
speculation
 n. ['meditation, thinking'] 1. to indulge in ~
  2. idle; wild ~
  3. a flurry of ~
  4. ~ about (~ about the upcoming elections)
  5. ~ that + clause (there was ~ that a treaty would be signed)
 ['risky business methods']
  6. to engage in ~
  7. ~ in (~ in stocks and bonds)
speculator
 n. a property (BE), real-estate (AE); stock-market ~
speculum
 n. a nasal; vaginal ~
speech
 n. ['address, talk'] 1. to deliver, give, make a ~
  2. to ad-lib, improvise a ~
  3. a boring; brief, short; impromptu, unrehearsed; long; long-
 winded; passionate; rambling; rousing, stirring ~
  4. an acceptance; after-dinner; campaign; farewell; inaugural;
 keynote; political; welcoming ~
  5. a ~ about ['communication in words']
  6. free ~ ['pronunciation']
  7. clipped ~
  8. impaired; slurred ~
speechless
 adj. 1. to be left ~
  2. ~ with (~ with anger)
speed
 n. ['swiftness, velocity'] 1. to build up, pick up; maintain
 ~
  2. to reach a ~ (to reach cruising ~; to reach a ~ of one
 hundred miles an hour)
  3. breakneck, breathtaking, high, lightning; cruising;
 deliberate, full, top; low; moderate; steady; supersonic ~
  4. a burst of ~
  5. at a certain ~ (at top ~)
  6. (misc.) full ~ ahead! ['amphetamine'] (slang)
  7. to shoot; snort ~
speed limit
 n. 1. to enforce; establish a ~
  2. to observe a ~
  3. to exceed a ~
speed trap
 n. to set up a ~
spell
 n. ['incantation'] 1. to cast a ~ on, over
  2. to break, remove a ~
  3. a magic ~
  4. under a ~
spellbinding
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it's ~ to read her memoirs)
spelling
 n. 1. phonetic ~
  2. in (phonetic) ~
spell out
 v. (B) they ~ed out their demands to us
spend
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ for, on (to ~ a lot of money for a new car;
 to ~ a lot on repairs)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ in (to ~ a great deal of time in studying/
 time studying)
spending
 n. deficit; defense; govern men t ~
spider
 n. 1. ~s crawl
  2. ~s spin webs
spill
 I n. ['accidental pouring'] 1. an oil ~ ['fall']
  2. to take a ~ (from a horse)
  3. a nasty ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ all over, on (I ~ed the milk all over
 her)
  2. (d; intr.) ('to pour') to ~ into (the crowd was ~ing into
 the streets)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to flow') to ~ out of (the liquid was ~ing out
 of the container)
spin
 n. ['fast drive'] (colloq.) to go for, take a ~ (let's go for
 a ~ around town)
spinal tap
 n. to do a ~ (on smb.)
spiral
 n. an inflationary; wage-price ~ (a vicious inflationary ~)
spirit
 I n. ['vigor'] ['enthusiasm'] 1. to display, show ~
  2. to catch the ~ (of the times)
  3. to break smb.'s ~ (her ~ was broken)
  4. (a) civic; class; college; competitive; dauntless, hardy;
 ecumenical; fighting; partisan; patriotic; rebellious;
 religious; school; scientific; team ~
  5. a guiding; moving ~
  6. (misc.) a ~ of good will pervaded the conversation
 ['supernatural being, ghost']
  7. to conjure up, evoke a ~
  8. an evil; holy ~ ['soul']
  9. a kindred ~
  10. in ~ (in body and in ~) ['attitude']
  11. in a ~ (in a ~ of cooperation)
 II v. (P; tr.) he was ~ed off to prison
spirits
 n. ['mood'] 1. to lift, raise smb.'s ~
  2. to dampen smb.'s ~
  3. good, high ~
  4. ~ droop, flag; rise
  5. in ~ (in high ~) ['alcohol']
  6. to drink ~
spit
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ at, on
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ in, into (to ~ in smb.'s face)
  3. (d; tr.) to ~ out of (to ~ smt. out of one's mouth)
spite
 n. 1. in ~ of
  2. out of ~ (they did it out of ~)
spiteful
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of him to say that)
splash
 n. (colloq.) ['vivid impression'] to make a (big) ~
spleen
 n. ['bad temper'] 1. to vent one's ~ on ['ductless organ near
 the stomach']
  2. a ruptured
splendid
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of you to make the offer)
splendor, splendour
 n. 1. regal ~
  2. in ~ (to dine in regal ~)
splice
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a wire to a cable)
splint
 n. 1. to apply a ~ to
  2. a ~for (a fractured leg)
splinter
 n. 1. to get; have a ~ (in one's finger)
  2. to extract, get out, remove a ~ (she got the  ~  out of my
 finger)
split
 I n. ['breach'] 1. a formal; irreparable ~
  2. a ~ between
  3. a  ~  in (the party)
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) ('to divide') to ~ between; with (we split the
 profits with them)
  2. (d; intr., tr.) ('to divide') to ~ into (they split into
 several factions; the teacher split the class into two groups)
spot ticket
 n. (AE) to vote a ~ ('to distribute one's vote among candidates
 of more than one party')
split up
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) to ~ with (she split up with her
 boyfriend)
splurge
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) ('to spend extravagantly') to ~ on (to ~
 on a new car)
spoil
 v. (d; intr.; usu. in a progressive form) to ~ for ('to seek')
 (to be ~ing for a fight)
spoils
 n. to divide the ~ (of war)
spokesman
 see spokesperson
spokesperson
 n. a ~ for (a ~ for the strikers)
spokeswoman
 see spokesperson
sponge
 I n. ['spongy substance'] 1. to squeeze a ~ ['symbol of
 surrender']
  2. to throw in, toss in the  ~
 II v. (colloq.) l.(D;tr.) ('to wheedle') to ~ from, off, off of
 (AE) (he  ~d a cigarette from me)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to impose on') (to ~ on one's friends)
sponsor
 I n. 1. a radio; television, TV ~
  2. a ~ for, of
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ for (she ~ed me for membership)
sponsorship
 n. under smb.'s ~
spoon
 n. a dessert; measuring; soup ~; table-spoon; teaspoon
spoonful
 n. a heaping; level ~
sport
 n. ['person judged by her/his ability to take a loss or
 teasing'] 1. a bad, poor; good ~
  2. a ~ about (she was a good  ~  about losing the bet)
 ['mockery']
  3. to make ~ of smb. ('to mock smb.') ['type of physical
 activity']
  4. a contact; spectator  ~
  5. an exciting; strenuous, vigorous ~ (skiing is an exciting ~)
 ['physical activity'] (BE)
  6. to go in for  ~
  7. fond of ~; in the world of ~ (AE has sports)
sports
 n. ['physical activity'] (AE) 1. to go in for ~
  2. fond of ~; in the world of ~ (BE has sport) ['types of
 physical activity']
  3. amateur; aquatic, water; competitive; intercollegiate (AE),
 inter-university (BE); intramural; outdoor; professional;
 varsity (AE); winter ~ ['track meet'] (BE)
  4. school ~; ~ day
sportsmanship
 n. to display, show ~
spot
 I n. ['mark, stain'] 1. to leave, make a ~
  2. to get out, remove a ~
  3. a grease ~ ['mark on the skin']
  4. a beauty ~ ['area, place']
  5. a high; isolated, secluded; low ~
  6. (soccer) the penalty ~
  7. at a ~ (let's meet at this same ~ tomorrow) ['place of
 entertainment'] (colloq.)
  8. to hit ('visit') all the night ~s ['point, position']
  9. the high; low  ~  (the high  ~  of our visit) ['misc.']
  10. on the ~ ('immediately'); ('at the center of activity');
 ('exposed to the worst danger'); to put smb. on the  ~  ('to
 expose smb. to danger'); a blind  ~  ('an area that cannot be
 seen') (also fig.); to have a soft/tender/ warm ~ (in one's
 heart) for ('to have a weakness for'); to be in a tight ~ ('to
 be in a difficult situation'); a trouble ~ (that reporter has
 been in many trouble ~s throughout the world); (BE; colloq.) a ~
 of bother ('a bit of trouble')
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) ('to identify') to  ~  as (the police ~ted him
 as a known criminal)
  2. (J) ('to see') we ~ted them going through the gate
spot check
 n. to do, make a ~
spotlight
 n. 1. to direct, focus, shine, turn a ~ on
  2. (fig.) in the ~
spouse
 n. a beloved; faithful; unfaithful ~
spout
 v. (d; intr.) ('to spurt') to ~ from
sprawl
 I n. urban ~
 II v. (P; intr.) to ~ on the sofa
sprawling
 adj. to send smb. ~
spread
 v. l. to ~ smt. evenly (to ~ paint evenly)
  2. to ~ quickly; unchecked (the epidemic spread unchecked)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ to (the epidemic spread to neighboring
 countries)
  4. (misc.) to ~ like wildfire
spree
 n. 1. to go on a ~
  2. a spending; weekend ~
spring
 I n. ['season'] 1. an early ~
  2. in (the) ~
  3. (misc.) there is a touch of ~ in the air; a harbinger of ~
 ['source of water']
  4. a hot, thermal; mineral; subterranean ~ ['bounce,
 elasticity']
  5. a ~ to (there was a ~ to her step)
 II v. 1.(D; intr.) to ~ at (the lion sprang at the hunter)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to arise, result') to ~ from
  3. (D; tr.) ('to prepare') to ~ on (to ~ a surprise on smb.)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to jump') to ~ to (to ~ to smb.'s defense; to
 ~  to one's feet)
springboard
 n. a ~ for (a ~ for a new campaign)
spring-dean
 n. (BE) to do a ~
spring-cleaning
  (esp. AE) see spring-dean
spruce up
 v. (D; refl.) to ~ for (they ~d themselves up for the big party)
spunk
 n. (colloq.) ['courage'] 1. to show ~
  2. the ~ to + inf. (she had the ~ to defend her rights)
spur
 I n. ['incentive, stimulus'] 1. a ~ to ['misc.']
  2. on the ~ of the moment ('without planning')
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to action)
  2. (H) what  ~red her to do that?
spur on
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. on to greater effort)
  2. (H) we  ~red them on to make a greater effort
spurs
 n. ['recognition'] 1. to win one's  ~  ['devices worn on a
 rider's heel']
  2. to dig, drive one's ~ (into the side of a horse)
  3. ~ jingle
spurt
 I n. a growth ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (blood ~ed from the wound)
sputum
 n. to cough up, produce ~
spy
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a foreign power)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on, upon
  3. (J) we spied them coming through the gate
squabble
 I n. a ~ about, over; between; with
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over; with
squad
 n. 1. a demolition; firing; flying (BE) ~
  2. a vice ~
squalor
 n. in ~ (to live in ~)
squander
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ on (to ~ a fortune on bad investments)
square
 I n. 1. to draw, make a ~
  2. (misc.) on the ~ ('honest'); back to ~ one ('back to the
 begin-ning')
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ with (their story doesn't ~ with the
 facts; to ~ one's account with smb.)
square root
 n. to find, extract the ~
squash
 I n. (BE) ['fruit drink'] lemon; orange ~
 II n. (AE) ['marrow-like plant'] summer; winter ~ (BE has
 marrow)
squawk
 I n. to let out a ~
 II v. (colloq.)(D; intr.) ('to complain') to ~ about
squeak
 n. ['shrill cry'] 1. to emit, let out a ~ ['escape']
 (colloq.)
  2. a close ~
squeal
 I n. to emit, let out a ~
 II v. 1. (slang) (D; intr.) ('to inform') to ~ on; to (he ~ed on
 them to the police)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ in, with (to ~ with delight)
squeamish
 adj. ~ about
squeeze
 I n. (colloq.) ['hug'] 1. to give smb. a ~ ['misc.']
  2. in a tight ~ ('in difficulty')
 II v. 1. (C) ~ some orange juice for me; or: ~ me some orange
 juice
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ from, out of (~ some tooth paste out of the
 tube)
  3. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ into (to ~ into a small room; to ~ juice
 into a glass)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ through (to ~ through a narrow passage)
  5. (N; used with an adjective) ~ the mops dry
squelch
 n. (colloq.) ['crushing rebuke'] a perfect
squint
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at
squirm
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ out of ('to evade') (to ~ out of an
 obligation)
squirt
 I n. ['instance of squirting'] 1. to give smt. a ~
 ['insignificant person'] (colloq.)
  2. a little ~
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ out of (the liquid ~ed out of the bottle)
stab
 n. ['attempt'] (colloq.) 1. to have, make a ~ at
 ['sensation']
  2. a sharp; sudden ~ (of pain) ['thrust of a pointed weapon']
  3. a ~ in the back (also fig.)
stability
 n. 1. to lend ~ to
  2. ~ in
stable
 n. 1. a livery; riding ~
  2. (misc.) (Greek mythology) to clean the Augean ~s
stack
 I n. 1. a bookstack; haystack; smokestack (esp. AE)
  2. (misc.) to blow one's ~ ('to lose one's temper')
 II v. 1. (esp. AE) (D; tr.) ('to arrange underhandedly') to ~
 against (the cards were ~ed against her)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ with (the floor was ~ed with books)
stacks
 n. (in a library) closed; open ~
stack up
 v. (colloq.) (D; intr.) to ~ against, to ('to compare to') (how
 do we ~ to the competition?)
stadium
 n. 1. to crowd, fill, jam, pack a ~
  2. to empty a ~
  3. a baseball; football; Olympic ~
  4. a ~ empties; fills
staff
 n. ['personnel'] 1. an administrative; coaching; editorial;
 hospital; medical; nursing; office; teaching ~
  2. a skeleton ~
  3. on the ~
  4. (misc.) to join a ~ (she joined the ~ as an editor) ['group
 of officers serving a commander']
  5. a general; joint; military; personal; special ~
  6. on a ~ (he was on the general ~)
  7. (misc.) to assign smb. to a ~ (she was assigned to the ~ as
 an intelligence officer)
stag
 adj., adv. ['unaccompanied by a member of the opposite sex'] 1.
 to go ~
  2. (misc.) a ~ party
stage
 n. ['platform on which plays are performed'] 1. a revolving;
 sinking; sliding ~
  2. on (the) ~ (she has appeared many times on ~; to go on ~)
 ['scene, setting']
  3. to set the ~ for (the ~ was set for a showdown) ['level,
 degree, step']
  4. to reach a ~
  5. an advanced; beginning, elementary; closing, final; critical,
 crucial; intermediate; opening ~
  6. flood ~
  7. at a ~ (negotiations were at a crucial ~; the river was at
 flood ~)
  8. in a ~ (in this ~ of one's development) ['portion, part']
  9. easy ~s
  10. by, in ~s (to cover a distance by easy ~s; to learn a
 language in easy ~s)
stagger
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ from; into (to ~ into a room)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ out of (to ~ out of a building)
  3. (R) it ~ed me to learn of his defection
  4. (misc.) to ~ to one's feet; to ~ under a heavy burden
staggered
 adj. 1. ~ at, by (~ at the news of the earthquake)
  2. ~ to + inf. (she was ~ to learn of the fire)
staggering
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to total up the losses)
stain
 I n. ['discolored spot'] 1. to leave a ~
  2. to remove a ~
  3. a stubborn ~
  4. (fig.) a ~ on (a ~ on one's reputation) II v. (N; used with
 an adjective) we ~ed the wood dark brown
staircase
 n. a circular, spiral; winding ~
stairs
 n. 1. to climb, go up the ~
  2. to come down; go down the ~
  3. moving ~
stairway
 see staircase
stake
 I n. ['piece of wood'] 1. to drive a ~ (into the ground)
  2. to plant a ~ (in the ground) ['post']
  3. (to burn smb.) at the ~ ['share']
  4. to have a ~ in smt. ['risk']
  5. at ~ (our whole future is at ~)
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ a claim to smt.)
stake out
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ on, to (AE)(to ~ a claim to a mine)
stakes
 n. ['wager'] ['prize'] 1. big, high ~ (to play for high ~)
 ['misc.'] (AE)
  2. to pull up ~ ('to move elsewhere')
stalemate
 n. 1. to break a ~
  2. a continuing ~
stalk
 v. (P; intr.) to ~ out of the room
stall
  (BE) see stand 18
stamina
 n. the ~ to + inf. (she lacked the ~ to finish the race)
stammer
 v. (B) she ~ed a few words to us
stamp
 I n. ['postage stamp'] 1. to put, stick a ~ on (an envelope)
  2. to lick, moisten a ~
  3. to issue a ~ (the post office has issued a new commemorative
 ~)
  4. to cancel a ~
  5. an airmail; commemorative; postage; revenue; tax ~
  6. a book; roll; sheet of ~s ['coupon']
  7. a food; trading ~ ['device for imprinting']
  8. a rubber ~
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ as ('to mark') (these revelations ~ed him
 as a cheat)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to crush') (to ~ on an insect)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) she ~ed the document secret
stampede
 I n. to cause, create a ~
 II v. (D; tr.) to ~ into (they were ~d into selling their homes)
stand
 I n. ['defense'] 1. to make, put up a ~
  2. a last ~ ['position']
  3. to take a ~
  4. a firm, resolute, strong ~
  5. a ~ on (they took a resolute ~ on the issue of tax reform)
 ['rack, small table']
  6. a music ~ ['place taken by a witness']
  7. a witness ~ (AE; BE has witness box) ['small structure used
 for conducting business'] (BE often prefers stall)
  8. a fruit; hot-dog ~; newsstand; vegetable ~ ['performance,
 engagement']
  9. a one-night ~ ['row']
  10. a taxi ~ (esp. AE; BE prefers taxi rank)
 II v. 1. ('to hold oneself) to ~ firm; still
  2. (BE) (d; intr.) ('to be a candidate') to ~ as (to ~ as a
 Labour candidate)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to hold oneself erect') to ~ at (to ~ at
 attention; to ~ at ease)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ by ('to support') (her family stood by her
 throughout the trial)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to represent') (our party used to ~ for
 progress)
  6. (BE) (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to be a candidate') (to ~ for
 Parliament)
  7. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to tolerate') (we will not ~ for such
 conduct)
  8. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to insist on') (to ~ on one's rights; to
 ~ on ceremony)
  9. (d; intr.) to ~ over ('to watch') (he always ~s over me when
 I work)
  10. (d; intr.) ('to be regarded') to ~ with (how do you ~ with
 your boss?)
  11. (E) ('to face') ('to have as a prospect') we stood to gain a
 great deal
  12. (esp. BE) (E; usu. with cannot -- can't -- couldn't) ('to
 tolerate') she couldn't ~ to wait any longer
  13. (G; usu. with cannot -- can't -- couldn't) ('to tolerate')
 she can't ~ waiting
  14. (K; usu. with cannot -- can't --couldn't) ('to tolerate') I
 can't ~ his boasting
  15. (esp. BE) (0) ('to buy') can I ~ you another round of
 drinks?
  16. (s) she stood first in her class; to ~ accused of murder
  17. (misc.) to ~ by one's guns ('to defend one's viewpoint
 stubbornly'); to ~ on one's own feet ('to support oneself); to ~
 tall (esp. AE; colloq.) ('to be resolute')
standard
 n. 1. to establish, set a ~
  2. to apply a ~
  3. to adhere to, maintain a ~
  4. to lower; raise ~s/ a ~ (to raise the ~ of living; to raise
 academic ~s)
  5. to abandon a ~ (the gold ~ was abandoned)
  6. a high; low ~
  7. a double ~ (to apply a double ~)
  8. the gold ~ (to go off the gold ~)
  9. a living ~ (or: a ~ of living)
  10. academic, scholastic ~s
  11. on a ~ (on a gold ~)
standardization
 n. to achieve, bring about ~
standard of living
 n. 1. to raise the ~
  2. a high; low ~
  3. a ~ falls, goes down; goes up, rises
stand back
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from
standby
 n. ['alert'] to be on ~
stand by
 v. (D; intr.) ('to be ready') to ~ with (they were ~ing by with
 additional supplies)
stand clear
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ of
stand for
 v. (K) ('to tolerate') I will not ~ their behaving like that
stand in
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to substitute for') (can anyone ~ for
 her?)
standing
 n. ['duration'] 1. of (long) ~ (a custom of long ~)
 ['status']
  2. academic; advanced ~ (at a university)
  3. ~ among, with (~ among the voters)
  4. the ~ to + inf. (who has the ~ to take over the leadership of
 the party?)
  5. (misc.) in good ~; (US; on a traffic sign) No Standing/No
 Stopping (GB has No Waiting)
stand out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to be clearly visible') to ~ against (to ~
 against a dark background)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to be noticeable') to ~ among, from, in (to ~
 among the others; to ~ in a crowd; to ~ from the rest of the
 group)
  3. (D; intr.) ('to be noticeable') to ~ as (she ~s out as the
 leading candidate)
standpoint
 n. from a ~ (from a practical ~; from our ~ )
stands
 n. ['benches for spectators') in the ~
standstill
 n. 1. to bring smt. to a ~
  2. to come to a ~
  3. a complete, total ~
  4. at a ~ (negotiations were at a complete ~)
  5. (misc.) to fight smb. to a
stand up
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to defend') (to ~ for one's rights)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to oppose') (no one dared to ~ to the
 boss)
star
 I n. ['heavenly body'] 1. a bright ~
  2. a falling, shooting ~
  3. the evening; morning; north ~
  4. a distant ~
  5. ~s shine, twinkle ['prominent performer']
  6. a baseball; basketball; box-office; film, movie (AE);
 football; guest; rugby; soccer; track ~ ['fortune']
  7. a ~ rises; sets, wanes (her ~ was rising)
  8. under a ~ (she was born under a lucky ~) ['medal']
  9. a battle ~
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ as (in his last film he ~red as a
 cowboy)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ in (to  ~  in a new play)
starch
 I n. cornstarch; potato ~
 II v. to ~ stiffly
stare
 I n. a haughty; icy; vacant ~
 II v. 1. to ~ wide-eyed
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ at
starlet
 n. a film ~
starlight
 n. by ~
start
 I n. 1. to get off to, make a ~
  2. a false; flying, running; fresh, new; head; promising ~
  3. at the ~
  4. for a ~ (for a ~ let's agree where we should meet)
  5. from the ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ as (she ~ed her career as a dancer)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to leave') to ~ for (when did they ~ for the
 airport?)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to leave') to ~ from (we ~ed from Philadelphia)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on another case)
  5. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ with (we'll ~ with you)
  6. (E) she ~ed to cough
  7. (G) she ~ed coughing
  8. (J) what ~ed them drinking?
starter
 n. for ~s ('to begin with')
start in
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on ('to put pressure on') (then they ~ed in on
 her)
startle
 v. (R) it ~d me to see them dressed like that
startled
 adj. 1. ~ at (~ at the news)
  2. ~ to + inf. (she was ~ to hear of their divorce)
startling
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to realize that we were completely cut
 off from the rest of the world)
start off
 v. 1. (d; intr., tr.) to ~ as (she ~ed off her career as a
 dancer)
  2. (D; intr.) ('to leave') to ~ for (to ~ for the airport)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ from ('to leave') (we ~ed off from our house)
  4. (D; intr., tr.) ('to begin') to ~ with (we ~ed our tour off
 with a visit to the zoo)
start out
 see start off
starve
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to ~ smb. into submission)
  2. (misc.) to ~ to death; to ~ oneself to death
starved
 adj. ~ for, of (BE) (~ for company)
state
 I n. ['government'] 1. to establish, found, set up a ~
  2. to govern, rule a ~
  3. a buffer; client; garrison; independent; police; puppet;
 secular; sovereign; welfare ~
  4. a member ~ (the member ~s of the UN) ['condition']
  5. a comatose; good; moribund; nervous; poor; transitional;
 unconscious; unspoiled; weakened ~
  6. one's financial; mental ~
  7. a gaseous; liquid; solid ~
  8. in a  ~  (in a good ~ of repair; in a poor ~ of health; in a
 highly nervous ~)
  9. (misc.) the ~ of the art ('the level of development')
 ['nervous condition']
  10. in a ~ (she was in quite a ~) ['pomp']
  11. to lie in ~ ['one of the fifty American states']
  12. a dry ~ ('a state in which the sale of alcoholic beverages
 is prohibited')
  13. (historical; US) a border; free; slave ~
 II v. 1. to ~ clearly; emphatically
  2. (B) we ~d our views to them
  3. (L; to) they ~ed (to the reporters) that a summit conference
 would take place soon
  4. (Q) she did not ~ how she expected to win the election
statehood
 n. 1. to achieve ~
  2. to seek, strive for ~
statement
 n. ['act of stating'] ['something stated'] 1. to issue, make
 a ~
  2. to confirm a ~
  3. to deny; refute; retract, withdraw a ~
  4. a brief, short; clear; false; oral; rash; succinct; sweeping;
 terse; vague; written ~
  5. a ~ that + clause (she has issued a ~ that she intends to be
 a candidate)
  6. (misc.) a ~ to the effect that... ['report']
  7. to issue a ~
  8. a bank; financial; official; public ~
  9. a ~ about (the government issued a ~ about the strike)
state's evidence
 n. to turn ~ (see also King's evidence, Queen's evidence)
statesman
 n. an elder, prominent ~
statesmanship
 n. to practice ~
static
 n. to produce ~
station
 I n. ['building or place used for a specific purpose'] 1. a
 broadcasting; bus; coaling; coastguard; comfort (AE);
 experimental; fire; freight (AE); hydroelectric, power; naval;
 police; polling; radar; radar-tracking; railroad (AE), railway
 (esp. BE); recruiting; space; television, TV; tracking; weather
 ~ ['place where motor vehicles are serviced']
  2. a filling, gas (AE), gasoline (AE), petrol (BE), service ~
 ['place of duty']
  3. an action; battle ~ ['position']
  4. one's ~ in life
 II v. (P; tr.) they were ~ed in Germany
statistics
 n. 1. to collect, gather; tabulate ~
  2. to bandy ~ (about)
  3. cold, hard ~
  4. vital ~ ('essential data about a population')
  5. ~ indicate, show
statue
 n. 1. to carve; sculpt, sculpture a ~
  2. to cast a ~ (in bronze)
  3. to unveil a ~
  4. an equestrian ~
stature
 n. 1. imposing ~ (a person of imposing ~)
  2. the ~ to + inf. (does she have the ~ to run for national
 office?)
status
 n. 1. to achieve ~
  2. celebrity ~
  3. a most-favored nation ~
  4. legal ~ (to enjoy/have legal ~)5. one's marital ~
status quo
 n. to maintain, preserve; restore the ~
statute
 n. a penal ~
statute of limitations
 n. the ~ takes effect, goes into effect (or: colloq. and
 illogically - the ~ expires, runs out)
stay
 I n. ['delay'] (legal) 1. to issue; vacate a ~
  2. (misc.) a ~ of execution
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to remain') to ~ for (to ~ for dinner)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ off ('to keep off) (to ~ off the grass)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ out of ('to avoid') (to ~ out of trouble)
  4. (d; intr.) to  ~  with smb. ('to be smb.'s guest') (they ~ed
 with us)
  5. (s) to ~ calm
stay abreast
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ of (to ~ of the news; the runners ~ed abreast
 of each other)
stay ahead
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ of
stay away
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from smb.)
staying power
 n. the ~ to + inf. (does she have the ~ to finish the race?)
stead
 n. to stand smb. in good ~ ('to be useful to smb.')
steady
 adj. 1. (colloq.) (AE) to go ~ with smb. ('to be smb.'s boyfriend
 or girlfriend')
  2. (misc.) (before a race) ready, ~, go! (BE; AE has get ready,
 get set, go!)
steak
 n. 1. to broil (AE), grill a ~
  2. a juicy; tender; tough ~
  3. to like one's ~ medium; rare; well-done
  4. a beefsteak; club; cube; flank; minute; Porterhouse; rump;
 Salisbury; salmon; sirloin; Swiss; T-bone ~
steal
 v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to give surreptitiously') to ~ at (to ~ a glance
 at smb.)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) ('to take illegally') to ~ from (to ~ from
 the rich; he stole money from his employer)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to/depart silently') to ~ from, out of (she
 stole out of the room)
stealth
 n. by ~ (to enter a building by ~)
steal up
 v. (D; intr.) ('to sneak up') to ~ on, to (he stole up on me in
 the dark)
steam
 I n. 1. to emit; produce ~
  2. ~ condenses; forms
  3. (misc.) (colloq.) to let off ~ ('to vent one's feelings')
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ into; out of (to ~ into harbor)
  2. (N; used with an adjective) she ~ed the envelope open
steamed up
 adj. (colloq.) ['angry'] ~ about, over
steamer
 n. an oceangoing; tramp ~
steam out
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to sea)
steel
 I n. 1. to make, produce ~
  2. to temper ~
  3. stainless ~
  4. a bar; ingot; sheet; slab; strip of~5. (misc.) cold ~
 ('bayonet, knife used in close combat')
 II v. 1. (D; refl.) to ~ for (to ~ oneself for the next attack)
  2. (H; refl.) to ~ oneself to face an ordeal
steeped
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ in (~ in local traditions)
steeple
 n. a church ~
steer
 I n. (colloq.) ['suggestion'] 1. to give smb. a (bum) ~
  2. a bum ('bad'); friendly ~
 II n. ['castrated bovine'] to rope a ~
steerage
 n. ['section in a passenger ship'] 1. to travel ~
  2. in ~ (to cross the ocean in ~)
steer clear
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ of (to ~ of danger)
steering
 n. power ~
steering wheel
 n. 1. to turn a ~
  2. at the  ~  (who was at the ~?) (see wheel 7-9)
stem
 I n. (ling.) a consonant; verb ~
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ from
stench
 n. a dreadful, horrible, unbearable ~
stencil
 n. to cut a ~
step
 I n. ['placing the foot'] 1. to make, take a  ~  (to take a ~
 backward)
  2. to retrace one's ~s
  3. a giant (usu. fig.); mincing ~
  4. (usu. fig.) ~ by  ~  ['sequence of movements') (dancing)
  5. to execute, perform a ~ ['stride in marching'] (mil.)
  6. to keep in ~
  7. to change ~
  8. an even, steady  ~
  9. half; route ~
  10. in ~; out of ~ (also fig.: she was out of ~ with everyone
 else) ['action']
  11. to take a ~
  12. a bold; careful, prudent; critical; dangerous; decisive;
 drastic; false; fatal; forward; giant; historic; positive;
 precautionary; preventive; rash, risky  ~  (to take a giant ~
 forward) ['gait']
  13. a heavy ~ ['distance']
  14. a ~ from (their place is just a few ~s from the station)
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ between (the referee ~ped between the
 two boxers)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ into (to  ~  into a room)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ off (to ~ off a train)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ on (she ~ped on my foot; to ~ on the brake)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ out of (to ~ out of the room)
  6. (d; intr.) to ~ over (she ~ped over the body)
step aside
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ for (he ~ped aside for a younger person)
step back
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from the abyss)
step down
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from the presidency)
step out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to  ~  into (to ~ into the corridor)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ on ('to betray') (he was ~ping out on his
 wife)
steppingstone
 n. a ~ to (a ~ to advancement)
steps
 n. ['stairs'] 1. steep ~
  2. a flight of ~
step up
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (helped up to me and told me who he was)
stereotype
 n. to perpetuate a ~
stern
 ad;. ~ towards; with
stew
 n. beef; Irish; mulligan; veal ~
steward
 n. a shop ~
stick
 I n. 1. a hiking; hockey; pointed; walking ~
  2. a celery ~
  3. a composing ~ ('device for typesetting')
  4. a swagger ~ (carried by a military officer)
  5. (misc.) to carry a big ~ ('to threaten to use force to settle
 a dispute')
 II v. 1. ('to remain fixed') to  ~  fast (the car is stuck fast
 in the mud)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ by ('to be loyal to') (to ~ by one's friends)
  3. (d; tr.) ('to thrust') to ~ into (to ~ a needle into a
 cushion; to ~  one's hands into one's pockets)
  4. (d; tr.) ('to fasten, paste') to ~ on (to ~ a stamp on an
 envelope)
  5. (d; tr.) ('to thrust') to ~ through (she stuck her head
 through the window)
  6. (d; intr.) ('to adhere') to ~ to (the stamp didn't ~ to the
 envelope)
  7. (d; intr.) ('to limit oneself) to ~ to (to  ~  to the
 subject)
  8. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to be loyal to') (to  ~  to one's
 principles)
  9. (d; intr.) ('to remain') to  ~  with (~ with me, and you will
 not get lost)
  10. (misc.) to ~ in one's throat ('to be hard to say'); ('to be
 a source of irritation')
sticker
 n. a bumper; price ~
stickler
 n. ['one who insists on exactness'] a ~ for (a ~ for protocol)
stick out
 v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to protrude') to ~ from; into (the nail stuck
 out from the wall; his feet stuck out into the aisle)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to extend') to ~ to, towards (she stuck out her
 hand to us)
sticks
 n. (colloq.) ['rural area'] in the ~ (to live way out in the ~)
stick shift
 n. (colloq.) (A E) to operate a ~
stick up
 v. (colloq.) (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to defend') (to ~ for one's
 friend)
stiff
 adj. frozen ~ stigma n. 1. to attach a ~ to
  2. a ~ attaches to (no ~ attaches to being poor)
  3. a ~ about, to (there is no ~ to being poor)
stigmatize
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ as (to be ~d as a traitor)
still
 I adj., adv. deathly; perfectly ~ (to stand perfectly ~)
 II n. in the ~ of the night
stilts
 n. 1. (to walk) on ~
  2. a pair of ~
stimulate
 v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ into
  2. (H) to ~ smb. to do smt.
stimulating
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it is ~ intellectually to live in a large city)
stimulation
 n. 1. to provide ~
  2. erotic, sexual ~
stimulus
 n. 1. to give, provide a ~
  2. a powerful ~
  3. a ~ to
sting
 n. ['skin wound'] 1. a bee; wasp ~ ['trap'] ['police trap']
 (colloq.) (AE)
  2. to set up a ~
stingy
 adj. ~ with (~  with one's money)
stink
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ of (the place ~s of rotten fish)
stint
 n. ['period of service'] to do, serve one's ~ (he did his ~ as
 a soldier)
stipend
 n. 1. to receive a ~
  2. to pay a  ~
  3. a modest ~ (to live on a modest ~)
stipulate
 v. 1. (L) the contract ~s that the work must be finished by the
 end of the year
  2. (Q) did they ~ how the job was to be done?
stipulation
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ that + clause (there was a ~ that court costs would be
 shared equally)
stir
 I n. ['disturbance'] 1. to cause, create, make a ~
  2. a big ~
  3. a ~ about, over
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ into (to  ~  one ingredient into another)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (the news ~red them to greater efforts)
  3. (H; usu. refl.) they couldn't ~ themselves to act
stitch
 n. 1. to cast, make a ~
  2. to drop; pick up, take up a ~
  3. (med.) to put ~es in
  4. (med.) to remove, take out ~es
  5. a chain; knit, plain (BE); purl; running ~
stock
 n. ['inventory, supply'] 1. to take ~
  2. in ~; out of ~ (this item is not in ~) ['share, shares in a
 corporation']
  3. to issue; sell ~
  4. common ~ (AE; BE has ordinary shares)
  5. blue-chip; over-the-counter; preferred (AE; BE has preference
 shares) ~ ['equipment']
  6. rolling ~ ('railway vehicles') ['confidence, trust']
  7. to put  ~  in smb. ['evaluation']
  8. to take ~ (we must take ~ of the situation) ['stage
 productions']
  9. summer ~ ['livestock']
  10. to graze ~ ['lineage']
  11. of good ~ ['misc.']
  12. smb.'s ~ in trade (smb.'s customary practice')
stock exchange
 see stock market
stocking
 n. 1. mesh; nylon; seamless; silk; surgical ~s
  2. a pair of ~s
  3. (misc.) she got a ladder (BE)/ run (esp. AE) in her ~
stocking feet
 n. in one's ~
stock market
 n. 1. to gamble, speculate on the ~
  2. the ~ closes; opens (the ~ closed strong)
stocks
 n. ['shares on the stock market'] (esp. AE; CE has shares) ~
 close; open (did ~ close strong or weak?)
stock up
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on supplies)
stockyards
 n. at, in the ~ (to work at/in the ~)
stoical
 adj. ~ about
stoicism
 n. to display ~
stole
 n. a fur ~
stomach
 n. ['digestive organ'] 1. to settle; turn, upset smb.'s ~
  2. an empty; full; queasy; sour;
 strong; upset; weak ~
  3. a ~ aches, hurts
  4. on an empty ~ ['inclination']
  5. to have no ~ for smt.
stomachache
 n. to get a ~ (AE)/to get ~ (BE)
stone
 I n. ['rock'] 1. to hurl, throw a ~
  2. a foundation; paving ~
  3. (misc.) to leave no ~ unturned ('to try all methods of
 achieving an end') ['gem']
  4. to set a (precious) ~
  5. a precious ~ ['stony mass in the body']
  6. a gallstone; kidney ~
 II v. to ~ smb. to death
stool
 n. a cucking, ducking; step ~
stoop
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to lower oneself to') (to ~ to cheating)
stop
 I n. ['halt'] ['cessation'] 1. to make a ~
  2. to put a ~ to (the teacher put a ~ to the cheating)
  3. to bring to a ~ (the driver brought the bus to a ~)
  4. to come to a ~ (the train came to a ~)
  5. an abrupt, sudden; brief; dead; full; smooth ~
  6. a flag (AE), request (BE); regular, scheduled; unscheduled;
 whistle (AE) ('very brief) ~
  7. a bus; pit; streetcar (AE), tram (BE) ~
  8. (misc.) to miss one's ~ ['place for resting']
  9. a truck ~ (AE; BE has transport cafe) ['punctuation mark']
  10. a full ~ (BE; AE has period)
 II v. 1. to ~ short
  2. (D;tr.) to ~ from (to ~  smb. from doing smt.)
  3. (G) they ~ped talking
  4. (BE) (J) to ~ smb. doing smt.
  5. (K) I can't ~ his interrupting
  6. (misc.) to ~ dead in one's tracks; to ~ at nothing ('to
 allow no scruples to interfere with one's efforts to achieve an
 end'); they ~ped (in order) to chat
stop by
 v. (esp. AE) (D; intr.) to ~ at (we'll ~ at your place)
stop in
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (they ~ped in at my place)
stop off
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (we all ~ped off at a bar)
stopover
 n. to make a ~
stoppage
 n. a work  ~
stopping
 see the Usage Note for standing
stop short
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ of (they ~ped short of imposing new taxes)
stop sign
 n. to go through, run a ~
storage
 n. ['storing'] 1. to put smt. into ~
  2. to take smt. out of ~
  3. cold ~ ['memory of a computer']
  4. external; internal; magnetic ~
store
 n. ['shop, establishment where goods are sold'] (esp. AE; see
 the Usage Note for shop) 1. to manage, operate, run a ~
  2. a bookstore; candy; chain, multiple (BE); clothing; company;
 convenience; department; discount ~; drugstore; five-and-dime
 (AE), five-and-ten-cent (AE); food, grocery; furniture; general;
 hardware; jewelry; music; retail; self-service; shoe; toy ~
  3. (AE) a dry-goods ~ (BE has draper's shop)
  4. (AE) a liquor, package ~ (BE has off licence)
  5. (AE) a variety ~ (BE has haberdashery)
  6. at, in a ~ (she works at/in a ~) ['misc.']
  7. to set ~ by ('to attribute importance to'); to lie/be in ~
 ('to be imminent'); to have smt. in ~ for smb. ('to have smt.
 prepared for smb.')
stores
 n. ['supplies'] 1. naval ~
  2. a cache of ~
storm
 I n. ['atmospheric disturbance'] 1. to ride out, weather a ~
 (the ship finally rode out the ~)
  2. a blinding; heavy, severe, violent ~
  3. a dust; electrical ~; firestorm; hailstorm; ice ~;
 rainstorm; sandstorm; snowstorm; thunderstorm; tropical ~
  4. a ~ hits, strikes; rages
  5. a ~ blows itself out, blows over, subsides
  6. a ~ was gathering (also fig.) ['disturbance, commotion']
  7. to raise, stir up a ~
  8. a ~ was brewing, gathering ['assault, attack'] (mil. and
 fig.)
  9. to take by ~ (the new play took Broadway by ~) ['misc.']
  10. to talk up a ~ (colloq.) ('to talk a great deal')
 II v. (d; intr.) ('to rush angrily') to ~ into; out of (to ~ out
 of a room)
story
 I n. ['tale'] 1. to narrate, tell a ~
  2. to carry, circulate, print, run a ~ (all the newspapers
 carried the ~ about the fire)
  3. to edit; rewrite; write a ~
  4. to concoct, fabricate, invent, make up a ~
  5. to change, revise; embellish, embroider a ~
  6. to cover up, hush up, kill, suppress a ~
  7. a boring; charming; cock-and-bull, farfetched; coherent;
 complicated, involved; dirty, off-color, risque; funny,
 humorous; gripping; implausible; improbable; juicy; likely,
 plausible; long; sob; true; ugly; untold ~
  8. a bedtime, children's, fairy; detective; ghost; hard-luck;
 love ~
  9. a breaking ('very new'); cover; exclusive; feature; front-
 page; human-interest ~; the inside ~
  10. conflicting ~ries (they told conflicting ~ries to the
 police)
  11. a shaggy dog ~ ('a long rambling joke with an illogical
 punch line')
  12. a short ~ ('a short prose narrative')
  13. the whole ~ (who knows the whole ~ of the incident?)
  14. a ~ breaks ('becomes known'); circulates
  15. a ~ about, of (she told charming ~ries about her travels;
 to narrate gripping ~ries of wartime heroism)
  16. a ~ that + clause (have you heard the ~ that she intends to
 resign?) ['background information']
  17. to get the (whole) ~ ['misc.']
  18. the police could not make a coherent ~ out of his ravings;
 a success ~ ('a successful career')
story II storey
 n. ['floor level'] a lower; top; upper ~
stove
 n. 1. to light a ~
  2. a coal; gas; kerosene (AE), paraffin (BE); kitchen; oil; pot-
 belly ~
straight
 adj. (misc.) to go ~ ('to be law-abiding'); to set smb. ~ ('to
 disabuse smb.')
straight ticket
 n. (AE) to vote a ~ ('to vote for all the candidates of one
 party')
strain
 I n. ['exertion'] ['tension'] 1. to impose, place, put a ~
 on
  2. to stand the ~
  3. to ease, relieve the ~
  4. an emotional, mental; physical ~
  5. back ~; eyestrain
  6. a ~ on (a ~ on relations)
  7. under a ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to  ~ at (the dog ~ed at the leash/BE lead)
  2. (E) they were ~ing to get the car out of the mud
 III n. ['variety of microorganism'] a strong, virulent; weak ~
straits
 n. ['difficulties'] 1. desperate, dire; financial ~
  2. in desperate ~
strange
 adj. 1. ~ to
  2. ~ to + int. (it was ~ to work at night = it was ~ working at
 night)
  3. ~ that + clause (it is ~ that she hasn't written for a whole
 month)
stranger
 n. 1. a complete, perfect, total, utter ~
  2. a ~ to (she's no ~ to us)
strangle
 v. to ~ smb. to death
stranglehold
 n. to get a ~ on smb.
strap
 n. a chin; shoulder ~
stratagem
 n. 1. to resort to, use a ~
  2. a subtle ~
strategist
 n. an armchair ('amateur') ~
strategy
 n. 1. to adopt, map out, plan, work out a ~
  2. to apply, pursue a ~
  3. a global; grand, long-range, long-term ~
  4. military ~
  5. of matter; point of ~
straw
 n. ['tube'] 1. (to drink) through a ~
  2. (misc.) to decide smt. by drawing ~s (also fig.) ('misc.']
  3. a ~ in the wind ('a hint of smt. to come'); to clutch at ~s
 ('to try in desperation'); the last ~, or: the ~ that broke the
 camel's back ('a final burden that exceeds one's endurance')
stray
 v. (D; intr.) 1. to ~ from (to ~ from the subject)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ into, onto (to ~ onto smb.'s property)
streak
 I n. ['tendency, trait'] (usu. derog.) 1. a cruel; jealous;
 mean ~
  2. a yellow ~ ('cowardice') ['series']
  3. a losing; winning ~
 II v. (P; intr.) to ~ across a field
streaked
 adj. ~ with (~ with gray)
stream
 I n. 1. to ford a ~
  2. a mountain; running; swollen ~
  3. a steady ~ (a steady ~ of refugees)
  4. the jet ~ ('band of high-velocity winds moving from west to
 east')
 II v. (P; intr.) people were ~ing towards the town square
street
 n. 1. to cross a ~
  2. to name; number ~s
  3. a bustling, busy; congested; crowded; deserted, lonely;
 quiet ~
  4. a back; broad, wide; cross; dead-end; high (BE), main (AE);
 narrow; one way; through; winding ~
  5. in (esp. BE), on (esp. AE) the ~ (the children were playing
 in/on the ~)
  6. (BE) in the high ~
  7. (AE) on (the) main ~
streetcar
 n. (AE) 1. to drive, operate a ~
  2. to go by ~; to ride a ~; to ride in a ~; to take a ~ (BE has
 tram)
strength
 n. ['power'] 1. to build up, develop one's ~
  2. to find; gain, gather; recoup, regain; save ~
  3. to sap smb.'s ~
  4. brute, great; inner; physical; tensile ~
  5. a show of ~
  6. the ~ to + int. (do you have the ~ to lift this weight?)
  7. in ~ ('in large numbers') ['number of personnel, units']
  8. full, maximum ~ (to bring a department up to full ~)
  9. at; below ~ (our staff was at full ~; it is now five
 officers below ~) ['misc.']
  10. on the ~ of smt. ('relying on smt. ') (on the ~ of your
 recommendation); on the ~ (BE; colloq.) ('on the full-time
 permanent staff)
stress
 I n. ['emphasis'] 1. to lay, place, put the ~ on
  2. to shift the ~ from; to ['intensity of sound']
  3. to place, put the ~ on (a syllable)
  4. to shift the ~ from; to
  5. (a) dynamic; free; fixed; pitch; primary; qualitative;
 quantitative; secondary; strong; weak ~
  6. sentence; word ~ ['tension']
  7. to control ~
  8. mental; perceived; physical ~
  9. under ~
 II v. (L) they ~ed that all regulations would be strictly
 enforced
stretch
 I n. ['final phase'] to fade in the ~
 II v. (N; used with an adjective) we ~ed the rope tight
stretcher
 n. (to carry smb.) on a ~
stretch out
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ to (she stretched her hand out to us in
 friendship)
strew
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ with (the field was strewn with bodies)
stricken
 adj. ['afflicted'] 1. ~ with
  2. (misc.) grief-stricken; poverty-stricken
strict
 adj. 1. ~ about, concerning, in
  2. ~ towards, with
stricture
 n. a ~ against, on
stride
 I n. ['normal speed'] 1. to hit one's ~ ['progress']
  2. to make great ~s in
  3. great, tremendous ~s ['misc.']
  4. to take smt. in ~ ('to confront a new problem calmly')
 II v. 1. to ~ confidently; purposefully
  2. (P; intr.) she strode confidently into the room
strife
 n. 1. to cause, create ~
  2. bitter; communal; domestic; factional; industrial; internal;
 internecine; sectarian ~
  3. ~ among, between; in (to create ~ between two sisters)
strike
 I n. ['refusal to work'] 1. to call, go (out) on; organize a ~
  2. to conduct, stage a ~
  3. to avert; break (up); settle a ~
  4. a buyers'; general; hunger; official (BE); rent; sit-down;
 sympathy; token; unofficial (BE), wildcat ~ (the prisoners went
 on a hunger ~)
  5. on ~ (some of the workers were on ~) ['attack']
  6. to carry out a ~
  7. an air; first, preemptive; second; surgical ~
 ['disadvantage'] (from baseball) (AE)
  8. they have two ~s against them ('they are at a decided
 disadvantage')
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) ('to refuse to work') to ~ against; for (the
 workers struck against the company for higher pay)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to hit') to ~ against, on (she struck her head
 against the door)
  3. (d; tr.) ('to impress') to ~ as (the idea struck me as
 silly)
  4. (d; intr.) to ~ at ('to attack') (to ~ at the root causes of
 poverty; to ~ at the enemy)
  5. (N; used with an adjective) ('to make') to ~ smb. dead
  6. (BE) (0) ('to give') he struck me a heavy blow
strike back
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ at (to ~ at the enemy)
strikebreaker
 n. to bring in ~s
strike out
 v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to act') to ~ against, at (to ~ against
 injustice)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to set out for') (to ~ for shore)
  3. (misc.) to ~ on one's own ('to begin an independent
 existence')
striking distance
 n. ['effective range'] within ~
string
 n. ['grouping of players according to ability'] first; second
 ~ (see also strings)
strings
 n. ['strips used for fastening'] 1. apron ~; shoestrings
 ['cords on a musical instrument']
  2. to pick (esp. AE), pluck ~ ['influence'] (colloq.)
  3. to pull ~
strip
 I n. ['runway'] 1. an airstrip, landing  ~  ['dividing
 patch']
  2. a centre (BE), median (AE) ~ (on a road)
 II v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a physical examination)
  2. (d; tr.) to ~ of (to ~ smb. of all civil rights)
  3. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ to (to ~ to the waist)
  4. (N; used with an adjective) to ~ smb. naked
strip down
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ to (he ~ped down to his underwear)
stripe
 n. ['strip, band'] 1. a sergeant's ~s
  2. a service ~ (worn on a soldier's sleeve to indicate length
 of service) ['sort'] (esp. AE)
  3. of a certain ~ (people of their ~)
stripping
 n. 1. weather ~
  2. (BE) (commercial) asset ~
striptease
 n. to do a ~
strive
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to  ~  for (to ~ for peace)
  2. (formal) (E) we ~ to please
stroke
 n. ['apoplexy'] 1. to have, suffer a ~
  2. an apoplectic; crippling, massive, severe; slight ~
 ['movement, series of movements']
  3. (tennis) a backhand; forehand ~
  4. (swimming) a backstroke; breast; butterfly ~; sidestroke
 ['sound of striking']
  5. at a ~ (at the ~ of midnight) ['movement of a piston']
  6. an exhaust; exhaust-suction; intake; suction ~ ['action']
  7. a brilliant  ~
  8. (misc.) a ~ of genius; to reduce inflation at one ~; their
 hard-won freedoms were abolished with the ~ of a pen ['misc.']
  9. a ~ of luck
stroll
 I n. 1. to go for, take a ~
  2. to take smb. for a ~ (she took the children for a ~)
 II v. (P; intr.) to ~ through the park
stroller
 n. (esp. AE) to push a ~ (BE has pushchair)
structure
 n. 1. (ling.) to generate a ~
  2. (ling.) a deep; intermediate; surface ~
  3. (pol.) a power ~
  4. (physics) molecular ~
  5. a corporate; economic, financial; political; price; tax;
 wage ~
struggle
 I n. 1. to carry on, put up, wage a ~
  2. a bitter, desperate, fierce, frantic, violent; ceaseless,
 unending, unrelenting; internecine; life-and-death ~
  3. the class ~
  4. a ~ against, with; for (a ~ against poverty; a ~ for
 justice; a ~ with one's conscience)
  5. a ~ to + inf. (it was a ~ to make ends meet = it was a ~
 making ends meet)
  6. in ~ (locked in ~)
  7. (misc.) a ~ to the death
 II v. 1. to ~ bravely; desperately
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ against, with (to ~ against tyranny)
  3. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for freedom)
  4. (E) they ~d to remain alive
  5. (misc.) to ~ to one's feet
strut
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ into (to ~ into a room)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ out of (to ~ out of a meeting)
stub
 n. 1. a pencil; ticket  ~
  2. a check (AE), cheque (BE) ~
stubborn
 adj. ~ about
stubbornness
 n. 1. sheer ~
  2. ~ about
  3. ~ to + inf. (it was sheer ~ not to agree)
  4. out of ~ (she refused to compromise out of ~)
stuck
 adj. (colloq.) ['burdened'] 1. ~ with (he always gets ~ with
 the worst jobs; I am  ~  with the chore of breaking the bad
 news) ['infatuated']
  2. ~ on (he's ~ on her) ['fully involved'] (BE)
  3. ~ into (there is no holding him once he gets ~ into smt.)
stud
 n. at ~ ('for breeding') (the retired racehorses are at ~)
student
 n. 1. an excellent, outstanding; good, strong ~
  2. a bad, poor, weak  ~
  3. day; evening; foreign, overseas (BE); full-time; part-time;
 special; transfer ~
  4. a college, university; degree; graduate, postgraduate (esp.
 BE); high-school (AE); undergraduate ~
  5. (misc.) a student-teacher USAGE NOTE: In GB, students usu.
 refer to those in post-secondary education. Younger ones are
 usu. called pupils. However, secondary-school pupils in Britain
 have begun to call themselves school students. In the US, the
 term students is used for those at a university and in secondary
 school--college students, high-school students. Children at
 (BE)/in (esp. AE) primary schools are usu. called pupils in the
 US, and almost always in GB. In CE, one can differentiate
 between a student of Freud ('a student of Freud's ideas') and
 Freud's student ('one who was taught personally by Freud').
studies
 n. 1. to complete; pursue one's ~
  2. advanced; graduate, postgraduate (esp. BE); undergraduate ~
  3. Black; peace; social; women's
studio
 n. an art; dance; film; recording; television, TV-
study
 I n. ['investigation'] 1. to conduct, do, make a ~
  2. a careful, detailed, exhaustive, in-depth, intensive,
 rigorous, thorough; scientific ~
  3. a classic, classical; definitive ~
  4. a case; epidemiological; experimental; time-and-motion (AE),
 work (BE) ~
  5. under ~ (the matter is under ~) ['branch of learning,
 subject']
  6. nature ~ ['learning']
  7. supervised ~
 II v. 1. to ~ diligently, hard
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for a degree)
  3. (d; intr.) to ~ under (to ~ under a well-known professor)
  4. (Q) to ~ how to survive in the wilderness
study up
 v. (colloq. )(AE)(D; intr.) to ~ on (to ~ on a topic)
stuff
 I n. (colloq.) ['subject matter'] 1. to know one's ~
  2. heady ('exciting'); kid ('elementary') ~; the same old ~
 ['knowledge, ability']
  3. to show one's ~
  4. (AE) the ~ to + inf. (she has the ~ to succeed)
  5. (misc.) (esp. AE) the right ~ ['duties']
  6. to do one's ~
 II v. 1. (d; tr.) to ~ into (she ~ed her things into a suitcase)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ with (they ~ed their suitcases with all sorts
 of things)
stumble
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ across, into, on, onto, upon ('to meet by
 chance') (to ~ across an old friend)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ over ('to trip over') (he ~d over every
 sentence)
stumbling block
 n. a ~ to (a ~ to progress)
stump
 I n. to remove a ~ (of a tree)
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to support by making speeches') (to
 ~ for a candidate)
stun
 v. (R) it ~ned me to see him drunk
stunned
 adj. ~ to + inf. (we were ~ to learn of his defection)
stunt
 n. 1. to do, perform a ~
  2. (colloq.) to pull a ~ ('to do smt. unexpected, probably for
 a bad purpose')
  3. a publicity ~
stupid
 adj. 1. ~ about
  2. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of him to lie; I was ~ to agree)
stupidity
 n. 1. to display ~
  2. sheer ~
  3. the height of ~
  4. ~ to + inf. (it was sheer ~ to believe him)
  5. ~ that + clause (it was sheer ~ that he decided to drop out
 of school)
stupor
 n. 1. to fall into a ~
  2. a drunken ~
style
 n. ['manner of expression'] 1. to develop; polish, refine
 one's ~
  2. an affected; classic, classical; elegant; flowery, ornate;
 pedestrian; plain; vigorous ~ ['manner of acting']
  3. to cramp smb.'s ~
  4. an abrasive; grand ~
  5. in (a) ~ (to live in a/in grand ~) ['fashionable
 elegance']
  6. high ~
  7. in ~ (to live in ~) ['excellence of expression or
 behavior']
  8. to lack ~
suasion
 n. ['persuasion'] moral ~
subdivide
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ into
subject
 I adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ to (~ to change)
 II n. ['topic, theme'] 1. to bring up, broach; pursue; tackle
 a ~
  2. to address, cover, deal with, discuss, take up, treat a ~
  3. to dwell on; exhaust; go into a ~
  4. to avoid; drop a  ~
  5. to change the ~
  6. an appropriate, suitable; delicate, ticklish; favorite;
 inappropriate; pleasant; unpleasant; thorny ~
  7. a ~ comes up (for discussion)
  8. a ~ for (a ~ for debate)
  9. on a ~ (we have nothing to say on that ~) ['course of
 study']
  10. to study, tackle, take, take up a ~
  11. to master a ~
  12. an elective (AE), optional (BE); required ~
  13. a major (AE), main (BE); minor (AE), secondary (BE) ~
 ['noun, noun phrase in a clause']
  14. a compound; grammatical; impersonal; logical; simple ~
 ['citizen of a monarchy'] (esp. BE)
  15. a British; loyal; naturalized ~
 III v. (d;tr.) to ~ to (to ~ smb. to torture)
subjection
 n. ~ to
subject matter
 n. related; unrelated ~
subjugate
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ to
subjugation
 n. in  ~
sublease
 see sublet
sublet
 v. 1. (B) to ~ an apartment to smb.
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ from (to ~ a house from smb.)
sublimate
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ into, to
submarine
 n. 1. a conventional; midget; nuclear, nuclear-powered ~
  2. ~s dive; hunt in packs; surface
submission
 n. ~ to
submissive
 adj. ~ to
submit
 v. 1. (B) ('to present') they ~ted their report to us
  2. (D; intr.) ('to yield') to ~ to (to ~ to superior force; to
 ~ to arbitration)
  3. (usu. legal) (L) ('to claim') their lawyer ~s that there are
 no grounds for denying bail
subordinate
 I adj. ~ to
 II v. (D; refl., tr.) to ~ to (they had to ~ their own needs to
 the needs of the group)
subordination
 n. ~ to
subpoena
 I n. 1. to issue a ~
  2. to serve a ~ on
  3. a ~ to + inf. (he received a ~ to appear in court in two
 weeks)
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ as (to ~ smb. as a witness)
  2. (H) to  ~  smb. to testify
subscribe
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ for ('to agree to purchase') (they ~d for
 a large number of shares)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ to ('to receive regularly') (to ~ to a
 magazine)
  3. (d; intr.) to  ~  to ('to agree with') (to ~ to an opinion)
subscriber
 n. a ~ to (a ~ to a magazine)
subscription
 n. ['arrangement for receiving a periodical'] 1. to enter a ~
 to
  2. to renew a ~
  3. to cancel a ~
  4. a ~ to (a ~ to a magazine) ['amount of money pledged']
  5. a public ~
subsequent
 adj. (cannot stand alone) ~ to
subservience
 n. ~ to
subservient
 adj. ~ to
subsidiary
 adj. ~ to
subsidy
 n. 1. to provide a ~ for
  2. to grant a ~ to
  3. a government, state ~
  4. a ~ for; to
subsist
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on
subsistence
 n. 1. (a) bare, hand-to-mouth ~
  2. a means of ~
substance
 n. ['drug'] 1. (AE) a controlled ~ ('a drug regulated by law')
  2. (misc.) ~ abuse ['meaningful quality']
  3. ~ to (is there any  ~  to their claim?)
  4. (misc.) a person of  ~  ['matter']
  5. a chemical; hard; oily; pure; toxic ~
substitute
 I n. 1. a poor ~
  2. a ~ for (a ~ for sugar)
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ for (the coach ~d Smith for Jones)
substitution
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ for
subsume
 v. (formal) (d; tr.) ('to classify') to ~ under (to ~ an item
 under a more inclusive category)
subterfuge
 n. to resort to, use (a) ~
subtract
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ from (to ~ five from ten)
subtraction
 n. to do ~
suburb
 n. 1. a fashionable; residential ~
  2. in the ~s (to live in the ~s)
subvention
 see subsidy
subversion
 n. to engage in ~
subway
 n. (esp. US) ['underground railway'] 1. (to travel) by ~
  2. in the ~ (crime in the ~)
succeed
 v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to come after') to ~ as (she ~ed me as
 treasurer)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ in (to ~ in doing smt.; to ~ in business)
  3. (D; intr.) to  ~  to ('to inherit') (to  ~  to the throne)
success
 n. 1. to achieve, attain (a) ~; to enj oy ~
  2. to score a ~
  3. to make a ~ of smt.
  4. a brilliant, great, howling, huge, resounding, signal,
 thorough, total, tremendous, unequivocal, unqualified ~
  5. a box-office, commercial; critical ~
  6. (a) ~ in; with
successful
 adj. 1. highly ~
  2. ~ at, in; with (~ in business)
succession
 n. ['right to succeed to an office, position'] 1. the ~ to
 (the ~ to the throne) ['misc.']
  2. in ~ ('successively, one after the other'); in quick
successor
 n. a ~ to (the ~ to the throne)
succumb
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to smb.'s urging; to ~ to a disease)
suck
 v. 1. (d;tr.) to ~ from (to ~ the juice from an orange)
  2. (N; used with an adjective) (she ~ed the lemon dry)
sucker
 n. (colloq.) ['easily deceived person'] 1. to make a ~ out of
 smb.
  2. a ~ for (she's a ~ for any hardluck story)
sue
 v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ for ('to request') (to ~ for peace)
  2. (D; intr., tr.) ('to seek in court') to ~ for (to ~ for
 damages; she ~d him for a large sum of money)
  3. (E) ('to seek in court') they ~d to get their property back
suffer
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (to ~ from insomnia)
suffering
 n. 1. to inflict ~ on
  2. to bear, endure ~
  3. to alleviate, ease, relieve ~
  4. chronic; great, incalculable, intense, untold ~
suffice
 v. 1. (D; intr.) to ~ for (my salary ~s for our basic needs)
  2. (E) it should ~ to cite her previous accomplishments; my
 salary ~s to meet our basic needs
  3. (misc.) ~ it to say that we will do our duty
sufficient
 adj. 1. ~ for
  2. ~ unto oneself ('independent')
  3. ~ to + inf. (it would have been ~ to send a brief note)
suffix
 n. a derivational; inflectional ~
suffrage
 n. 1. to extend, grant ~
  2. universal; women's ~
sugar
 n. 1. to produce; refine ~
  2. beet; brown; cane; confectioner's (AE), icing (BE); crude;
 demerara (BE); granulated; lump; maple ~
  3. (med.) blood ~
  4. a lump of ~
  5. (misc.) as sweet as ~
suggest
 v. 1. (B) she ~ed a compromise to us
  2. (G) I ~ed waiting
  3. (K) who ~ed his taking part?
  4. (L; subj.; to) she ~ed (to us) that an exception be/should be
 made
  5. (0) did she ~ where we should meet?
suggestion
 n. 1. to advance, make, offer, put forward a ~
  2. to ask for, call for, invite ~s
  3. to act on; adopt a ~
  4. to reject a ~
  5. an appropriate; helpful; pertinent; preposterous ~
  6. a ~ about, concerning
  7. a ~ that + clause; subj. (she made a ~ that each worker
 contribute/should contribute one day's pay)
  8. at smb.'s ~ (at my ~ we went on a picnic)
suggestive
 adj.. ~ of
suicide
 n. 1. to commit ~
  2. to attempt; contemplate ~
  3. political ~
suit
 I n. ['legal claim'] 1. to bring, file, institute (a) ~ against
  2. to contest; press a ~
  3. to lose; win a ~
  4. to dismiss a ~
  5. a civil; class-action; malpractice; pending ~ ['courtship']
 (old-fashioned)
  6. to plead, press one's ~ ['set of clothes']
  7. to have a ~ made
  8. to put on; take off; try on a ~
  9. a bathing; business (AE), lounge (BE); custom-made, made-to-
 measure (BE); diving; double-breasted; dress; gym; leisure;
 pants (AE), trouser; ready-made; sailor; single-breasted; ski;
 space; sweat; tank; three-piece; two-piece; union (AE) ~
  10. (BE) a boiler ~ ('overalls')
  11. a ~ fits (well)
  12. (misc.) (humorous) in one's birthday ~ ('naked') ['set of
 similar playing cards']
  13. to follow ~ (also fig.)
  14. a trump ~ ['trait']
  15. smb.'s strong ~
 II v. 1. to ~ perfectly
  2. (misc.) to ~ to a T ('to be perfectly appropriate for')
suitability
 n. ~ for
suitable
 adj. 1. eminently ~
  2. ~ for
  3. ~  to + inf. (would it be ~ to discuss this matter at
 lunch?)
suitcase
 n. to pack; unpack a ~
suite
 n. ['group of connected rooms'] 1. a bridal; executive; hotel;
 luxury; office; penthouse ~ ['set of matched furniture']
  2. a bedroom; living-room
suited
 adj. 1. ~ for, to (~ for the job; ~ to each other)
  2. ~ to + inf. (is he psychologically ~ to be a police officer?)
sulk
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ about, over
sum
 n. 1. to raise a ~ (of money)
  2. a considerable, large, substantial, tidy; flat; lump;
 nominal; round ~
summarize
 v. (D;tr.) to ~ for (she ~d the plot for the class)
summary
 n. 1. to give, make a ~
  2. a brief ~
  3. a news ~
summer
 n. 1. Indian, St. Luke's (BE; rare), St. Martin's (BE; rare) ~
  2. during, over (esp. AE) the ~
  3. in (the) ~
summit
 n. ['peak'] (also fig.) 1. to reach a ~
  2. at a ~ (to stand at the ~) ['summit conference']
  3. to hold a ~
  4. at a ~ (we met at the ~ in Geneva)
summit conference
 n. 1. to hold a ~
  2. at a ~ (to meet at a ~)
summon
 v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ before (to be ~ed before a judge)
  2. (D; tr.) to ~ to (we were ~ed to the director's office)
  3. (H) to ~ smb. to do smt.
summons
 n. 1. to issue a ~
  2. to serve a ~ on
  3. a ~ to + inf. (I received a ~ to appear in court)
sun
 n. 1. the blazing; bright; hot; midday; tropical ~
  2. the ~ beats down; rises; sets; shines
  3. in, under the ~
sunburn
 n. 1. to get a ~
  2. a painful ~
sundae
 n. a butterscotch; cherry; chocolate; hot-fudge; strawberry ~
sundown
 n. at ~
sunlight
 n. 1. bright, brilliant, glaring ~
  2. in the ~
  3. a shaft of ~
sunrise
 n. at ~
sunset
 n. at ~
sunshine
 n. 1. to soak up ~
  2. bright, dazzling; warm ~
sunstroke
 n. to get, have ~
suntan
 n. to get a ~
supercilious
 n. ~  about
superimpose
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ on (to ~ one image on another; to ~ a new way of
 life on old customs)
superintendent
 n. a building; school ~
superior
 I adj. 1. clearly, decidedly, definitely, far ~
  2. ~ in (~ in numbers)
  3. ~ to (~ to all other competitors)
 II n. an immediate ~
superiority
 n. 1. to achieve, establish ~
  2. to enjoy, hold ~
  3. clear ~
  4. ~tn; over, to
superlative
 n. (to express oneself) in ~s
supermarket
 n. at, in a ~ (to shop at/in a ~)
supersensitive
 adj. ~  to
superstition
 n. a ~ about
superstitious
 adj. ~ about
supervision
 n. 1. to exercise ~ of, over
  2. to tighten ~
  3. to ease up on, relax ~
  4. lax, slack; strict ~
  5. under smb.'s ~
supper
 n. 1. to eat, have ~
  2. to make, prepare; serve ~
  3. at ~ (what did they discuss at ~?)
  4. for ~ (what was served for ~?)
supplement
 n. 1. a literary; Sunday ~ (to a newspaper)
  2. a vitamin ~ (to take a vitamin ~ every day)
  3. a ~ to
supplementary
 adj. ~ to
supplicate
 v. (formal) (H) to ~ smb. to do smt.
supply
 I n. 1. to bring up, provide ~ies
  2. to lay in, receive; replenish; store ~ies
  3. an abundant, liberal, plentiful; fresh ~
  4. military; office; relief ~ies
  5. the coal; money; water ~
  6. in short ~
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ to (to ~ power to industry)
  2. (D: tr.) to ~ with (to ~ industry with power)
supply lines
 n. 1. to overextend ~
  2. to cut ~
support
 I n. 1. to give, lend, offer, provide; pledge ~
  2. to enlist, line up, mobilize, round up ~ for
  3. to derive, draw, get, receive ~ from
  4. to gain, get, win ~ for
  5. to have the ~ of
  6. ardent, complete, firm, solid, strong, unflagging,
 unqualified, unstinting, unwavering; wholehearted ~
  7. active; liberal; loyal; lukewarm, qualified ~ (to give
 lukewarm ~ to a candidate)
  8. government, state; popular, public ~
  9. farm; price ~s
  10. ~ for; in
  11. in ~ of (she came out in ~ of the party)
 II v. 1. to ~ completely, strongly, wholeheartedly
  2. (K) we ~ed their seeking office
supporter
 n. 1. an ardent, enthusiastic, fervent, loyal, stalwart, steady,
 strong ~
  2. an athletic ~ (see also the Usage Note for fan II)
supportive
 adj. ~ of
suppose
 v. 1. (L) we ~ that the situation will improve
  2. (formal) (M) we ~d him to be guilty
supposed
 adj. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to rain; she was ~ to work today)
supposition
 n. 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ that (I reject the ~ that she stole the money)
  3. on (a) ~ (to condemn smb. on mere ~)
suppository
 n. 1. to insert a ~
  2. a rectal; vaginal ~
supremacy
 n. 1. to achieve, establish ~
  2. to acknowledge smb.'s ~
  3. military; naval ~
  4. (so-called) racial, white ~
supreme
 adj. to reign ~
surcharge
 n. 1. to add a ~ to
  2. a ~ on
sure
 adj. 1. ~ about (are you ~ about this?)
  2. ~ of (~ of success) 3   to + inf. (she is ~ to pass the exam)
  4. ~ that + clause (I am ~ that they will come; please make ~
 that there will be enough light and heat)
surf
 n. to ride the ~
surface
 n. 1. a bumpy; even, smooth; frozen; plane; rough ~
  2. below, beneath, under the ~ (also fig.)
  3. on the ~ (also fig.)
  4. (misc.) to scratch, skim the ~ ('to treat superficially')
surge
 I n. (technical) a voltage ~
 II v. (P; intr.) the crowd ~d around the entrance
surgeon
 n. 1. a flight; orthopedic (AE), orthopaedic (BE); plastic;
 veterinary (BE) ~
  2. a tree ~
  3. a ~ performs operations, operates (on patients)
surgery
 n. ['branch of medicine'] 1. to perform ~
  2. to undergo ~
  3. elective; emergency; heroic; major; minor; radical; remedial
 ~
  4. bypass; cosmetic; open-heart; plastic ~ ['office'] (BE)
  5. a doctor's ~ (CE has doctor s of fice)
  6.anMP's~ (to receive and listen to constituents) ['misc.']
  7. tree ~ (see the Usage Note for office)
surmise
 I n. (formal) ['conjecture'] a ~ that + clause (she expressed a
 ~ that the situation would improve)
 II v. (L) I ~d that the situation would improve
surplus
 n. 1. to accumulate a ~
  2. to run ('have') a ~
  3. food ~es; war ~
surprise
 I n. 1. to spring, uncork a ~ on smb.
  2. to achieve ~
  3. to express ~
  4. to show ~
  5. (a) complete, outright, total ~ (we achieved complete ~)
  6. a pleasant; unpleasant ~ (they sprang an unpleasant ~ on us)
  7. ~ at (to express ~ at recent events)
  8. a ~ to (the results were a complete ~ to everyone)
  9. a ~ to + inf. (it was a pleasant ~ to learn of her promotion)
  10. a ~ that + clause (it was a ~ that he got here on time)
  11. by ~ (our troops took the fortress by ~)
  12. to smb.'s ~ (to our ~ he was not drunk)
 II v. 1. to ~ greatly, very much
  2. (R) it ~d me to see them drunk; it ~d us that their party won
 the election
surprised
 adj. 1. ~ at (~ at the news)
  2. ~ to + inf. (I was ~ to see her)
  3. ~ that + clause (everyone was  ~  that we attended the
 meeting)
surprising
 n. 1. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ to see her there)
  2. ~ that + clause (it was ~ that she was nominated)
surrender
 I n. unconditional ~
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ to (to ~ to the enemy; to ~ a fortress
 to the invader)
surrounded
 adj.. ~ by, with
surroundings
 n. austere; elegant; pleasant; unpleasant ~
surtax
 n. to impose a ~ (on)
surveillance
 n. 1. to conduct, maintain ~
  2. to keep; place smb. under ~
  3. around-the-clock, constant; close, strict ~ (she was placed
 under strict ~)
  4. electronic ~
  5. under ~
survey
 n. 1. to conduct, do, make a ~
  2. a brief; comprehensive ~
  3. a geodetic; topographical ~
survival
 n. 1. to assure smb.'s ~
  2. (misc.) the ~ of the fittest
survivor
 n. to pick up ~s (at sea)
susceptibility
 n. ~ to (~ to disease)
susceptible
 adj. ~ to
suspect
 I n. 1. to arrest a ~
  2. to interrogate, question a ~
  3. to place a ~ under surveillance
  4. a prime ~
 II v. l. to ~ strongly
  2.(D;tr.) to ~ as (to be ~ed as an accomplice)
  3. (D; tr.) to ~ of (the police ~ed him of participation in the
 robbery)
  4. (L) we ~ strongly that she is guilty
suspend
 v. 1. (D; tr.) ('to hang') to ~ from (to ~ a hook from the
 ceiling)
  2. (D; tr.) ('to bar temporarily') to ~ from (to ~ smb. from
 duty)
suspenders
 n. (AE; BE has braces) a pair of ~ (that hold up trousers)
suspense
 n. 1. to bear the ~
  2. to break the ~
  3. in ~ over (everyone was in ~ over the outcome)
suspension
 n. independent ~ (on a car)
suspidon
 n. ['suspecting'] ['mistrust'] 1. to arouse, cause, create,
 evoke, sow, stir (a) ~
  2. to entertain, harbor, have a ~
  3. to confirm a ~
  4. to cast ~ on
  5. to allay, dispel ~
  6. a groundless, unfounded ~
  7. a lingering, lurking; slight, sneaking; strong; vague ~
  8. a ~ about, of (there was some ~ about her motives)
  9. ~ falls on smb.
  10. a ~ that + clause (these events confirmed my strong ~ that
 he is guilty)
  11. above ~ ('not suspected')
  12. on ~ of (arrested on ~ of murder)
  13. under ~ ('suspected')
  14. (misc.) a cloud of ~ ['slight trace']
  15. a ~ of (not even the slightest ~ of scandal)
suspidous
 adj.. 1. ~ about, of
  2. ~ that + clause (it was ~ that no story appeared in the
 press)
suture
 n. 1. to put in a ~
  2. to remove, take out a ~
swallow
 n. ['act of swallowing'] to take a ~
swamp
 v. (d; tr.) to ~ by, with (they were ~ed with work)
swan
 n. as graceful as a ~
swap
 I n. ['exchange'] to make a ~ for
 II v. 1. (D; tr.) to ~ for (she ~ped her bicycle for a hi-fi)
  2. (0) I'll ~ you my bicycle for your hi-fi
swarm
 v. 1. (d; intr.) ('to crowd') to ~ around (the autograph seekers
 ~ed around the actor)
  2. (d; intr.) ('to throng') to ~ into (to ~ into an auditorium)
  3. (d; intr.) ('to throng') to ~ over, through (to ~ through
 the streets)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to teem') to ~ with (the streets were ~ing with
 tourists)
swarming
 adj. ~ with
swath
 n. ['path'] to cut a ~ (to cut a wide ~ of destruction)
swathe
 v. (d; tr.) ('to wrap') to ~ in (she was ~d in mink)
sway
 I n. ['dominance'] 1. to hold ~ over
  2. under smb.'s ~
 II v. 1. to ~ gently
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ to (to ~ to the music)
  3. (misc.) to ~ from side to side; to ~ back and forth; to ~ in
 the breeze
swear
 v. 1. to ~ solemnly
  2. (B) ('to promise solemnly') they swore allegiance to the
 government
  3. (D) intr.) ('to curse') to ~ at (he swore at them)
  4. (d; intr.) ('to rely completely') to ~ by (everyone ~s by
 her remedy for a cold)
  5. (d; intr.) to ~ to ('to confirm solemnly') (to ~ to the
 truth of a statement)
  6. (d; tr.) ('to bind solemnly') to ~ to (to ~ smb. to secrecy)
  7. (E) ('to promise solemnly') she swore to tell the truth
  8. (L; to) ('to promise solemnly') she swore (to us) that she
 would tell the truth
  9. (misc.) to ~ on the Bible; to ~ like a trooper ('to use
 obscene language freely'); to ~ smb. into office
swear in
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ as (she was sworn in as president)
sweat
 n. 1. to break out in a cold ~
  2. beads of ~
  3. (misc.) by the ~ of one's brow ('by working very hard')
sweater
 n. 1. to crochet; knit a ~
  2. a light; warm ~
  3. a plaid; woolen ~
sweep
 I n. ['reconnaissance'] 1. to make a ~ (behind enemy lines)
 ['winning of a series of contests']
  2. to make a clean ~ (of a series) ['sweeper']
  3. a chimney ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr., tr.) ('to move overwhelmingly') to ~ into
 (the other party swept into office; they were swept into the
 sea)
  2. (d; intr.) ('to move swiftly') to ~ through (our troops
 swept through the village)
  3. (N; used with an adjective) ('to clean with a broom') to ~ a
 floor clean
sweep down
 v. (d; intr.) to ~ on (the storm swept down on the village)
sweep in
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from (the hurricane swept in from the sea)
sweepstakes
 n. to win the ~
sweet
 adj. (colloq.) 1. ~ on ('in love with') (he is ~ on her)
  2. ~ to + inf. (it was ~ of you to think of me)
swell
 I n. ['growing wave'] a ground ~ (a ground ~ of support was
 building up)
 II v. (d; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with pride)
swelling
 n. (the) ~ goes down, subsides (the ~ went down)
swerve
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ from; to (to ~ from a course; to ~ to the
 right)
swift
 adj. 1. (lit.) ~ of (~ of foot)
  2. ~ to + inf. (she was ~ to react)
swig
 n. ['swallow'] to take a ~
swim
 I n. 1. to have, take a ~
  2. to go for a ~
 II v. (D; intr.) to ~ for (to ~ for shore)
swindle
 v. (D; tr.) to ~ out of (to ~ smb. out of money)
swing
 I n. ['punch'] 1. to take a ~ at smb.
  2. a wild ~ ['shift']
  3. a ~ to (in the last elections there was a ~ to the right)
 ['operation']
  4. in full ~ (the work was in full ~)
 II v. 1. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ at (he swung at me; I swung the
 bat at the ball)
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ from; to (to ~ from right to left)
swipe
 n. (colloq.) ['critical remark'] to take a ~ at
switch
 I n. ['change'] 1. to make a ~
  2. a ~ from;
 to ['device used to open or close an electrical circuit']
  3. to flick, throw a ~
  4. a master; power; time; toggle ~ ['movable section of
 railroad track'] (AE)
  5. a railroad ~ (BE has railway point)
 II v. (D; intr., tr.) to ~ from; into; to (to ~ to the metric
 system; she ~ed her support to the other candidate; to ~ from
 English into Russian)
switchboard
 n. at a ~ (to work at a ~)
switcheroo
 n. (slang) (AE) ['variation'] to pull a ~
switch over
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ to (we ~ed over to French)
swoon
 I n. to fall into a ~
 II v. 1. (d; intr.) to ~ over (to ~ over a new film idol)
  2. (d; intr.) to ~ with (to ~ with joy)
swoop
 n. ['stroke'] at one fell ~ ('at one time')
swoop down
 v. (D; intr.) to ~ on (the hawk ~ed down on the sheep)
swop
  (colloq.) (BE) see swap I, II
sword
 n. 1. to draw, unsheathe a ~
  2. to wield a ~
  3. to cross ~s with smb. (now usu. fig.)
  4. to thrust a ~ into
  5. to sheathe a ~
  6. (misc.) a double-edged, two-edged ~ ('smt. that can have
 opposite results to those intended')
syllable
 n. 1. to stress a ~
  2. a closed; open; stressed; unstressed ~
syllabus
 n. to draw up, make up a ~
symbol
 n. 1. a chemical; phallic; phonetic; religious; status ~
  2. (misc.) a ~ of authority
symbolic
 adj. ~ of
symmetrical
 adj. ~ to, with
sympathetic
 adj. ~ to, with
sympathize
 v. 1. to ~ deeply
  2. (D; intr.) to ~ with
sympathy
 n. 1. to arouse, stir up ~ for
  2. to capture; command ~
  3. to express; feel, have ~ for
  4. to display, show ~ for
  5. to lavish ~ on
  6. to accept smb.'s ~
  7. deep, deepest, great, heartfelt, profound, strong ~ (please
 accept our deepest ~)
  8. little ~ for (to have little ~ for smb.)
  9. one's ~ goes out to smb.
  10. a token of one's ~
  11. ~ for (to have ~ for the underdog)
  12. in ~ with (to be in complete ~ with smb.'s cause)
  13. out of ~ (we did it out of ~ for your family)
symphony
 n. 1. to compose, write a ~
  2. to perform, play a ~
symposium
 n. to hold a ~ on
symptom
 n. 1. to have, manifest, show ~s (of)
  2. an acute; chronic ~
  3. a specific ~
  4. withdrawal ~s
symptomatic
 adj. ~ of
synchronize
 v. (D;tr.)to ~ with
syndrome
 n. 1. the China; Stockholm ~
  2. premenstrual; toxic shock ~ (to suffer from premenstrual ~)
synonymous
 adj. ~ to, with
synopsis
 n. to give; make, prepare a ~
synthesis
 n. to make a ~
syphilis
 n. 1. to spread, transmit ~
  2. to catch, develop; have ~
  3. acquired; congenital; early; late; latent; primary;
 secondary; tertiary ~
syringe
 n. a hypodermic ~
syrup
 n. 1. chocolate; corn; maple ~
  2. cough ~
system
 n. ['group of items serving a common purpose'] 1. an air-
 conditioning; amplifying; brake; data-processing; filing;
 guidance; heating; highway (AE), motorway (BE), road;
 intercommunication; life-support; number; public-address;
 railroad (AE), railway (BE); sprinkler; steering; transit (esp.
 AE), transport (esp. BE) ['form of organization, principles
 pertaining to a form of organization']
  2. a capitalist; caste; communist; Copernican; economic;
 educational, school; electoral; governmental; hierarchical;
 honor; merit; multiparty; one-party; patronage; philosophical;
 political; quota; seniority; socialist; spoils; two-party ~
  3. (colloq.) (AE) a buddy ~
  4. under a ~ (under our political ~)
  5. (misc.) to beat the ~ ('to circumvent established
 procedures') ['group of items forming a unified whole in
 nature']
  6. an ecosystem; mountain; river; solar ~ ['functionally
 related group of bodily elements or structures']
  7. the cardiovascular; central nervous; circulatory; digestive;
 excretory; genito-urinary; immune; reproductive; respiratory ~
 ['classification'] ['type of measurement']
  8. a decimal; metric; monetary; taxonomic ~ ['group of
 substances in or approaching equilibrium'] (chemistry)
  9. a binary; ternary ~ ['set of meteorological conditions']
  10. a high-pressure; low-pressure ~ ['procedure']
  11. the touch ~ (of typing) ['elements that allow the
 operation of a computer']
  12. to boot up; reboot a ~
  13. a disk operating, operating ~ ['misc.']
  14. ~s analysis; ~s theory